Resumo em Inglês:
Serpulids (Annelida Polychaeta) from Brazil (between Fernando de Noronha island, lat. about 4ºS, and Santa Catarina, lat. about 28ºS) are studied here. The resemblance between the serpulid fauna of the tropical American coasts of the Pacific ocean and that of the Atlantic is confirmed. Some of the species previously found on the Pacific coast are here recorded for the first time on the Atlantic coast. A new species is described: Spirorbis (Paralaeospira) calypso n. sp. The genus Pseudovermilia Bush is separated from the genus Vermiliopsis.Resumo em Inglês:
Benthic samples were taken at 303 stations in the Ilha Grande region, down the isobath of 50 meters. In 12 of these Stations (20 samples) we found the brachiopod Bouchardia rosea (Mawe, 1823). The highest density observed for this species was 58 individuals/m². Its occurrence is related to sediments with less of 30% of granules smaller than 420 µ, without the fraction smaller than 44µ, to salinity higher than 35‰ and probably to the enrichement process due to nearness of islands and organic material carried from Sepetiba bay. Apparently, there are no relationship, between the lenght of the valve and the position of the station and with the depth. There are, apparently, a direct relationship with salinity and a inverse with temperature. There are a tendency of the median lenght of the valve, to decrease with the increase of the aggrefation of the species. There are, apparently, three generations of the individuals in the presently samples.Resumo em Inglês:
The Cananéia region in the south of São Paulo State, is a estuarine-lagunar complex, tn this region we realesed 60 benthic stations with a Foerst "Petersen grab" of 1/10 sq.m. We had studied the density and alcoholic weight of the benthic groups and species. The polychaets was the dominant group in number of species and of individuals. The commonest species was Loandalia americana, Laonice japonica, Clymene sp., Clymenella sp.. The highest density of polychaets was obtained in station 51, 10 meters deepthty, temperature of 18.60ºC, salinity of 25.90%0, water transparency (Secchy disc) of 2 meters, bottom of muddy, sand and pebles. In this station we found 72 individuals/sq. m. and a alcoholic weight of 5.9100 grm. The lamelibrancs was not dominant in neither one station. Tellina alternata and Macoma sp. occurred only in Trapandé bay and Cubatão sea. Littoridina australis var. nana occurs in high density in the north region of Cananéia island. In this region it is the dominant benthic species. Kalliapseudes schubartii occurs only in the Cubatão sea. Renilla reniformis and Virgularia sp. occurs specially in the Trapandé bay. It was possible to recognize five faunistics zones in the soft bottoms of the complex. Zone of Renilla reniformis and Virgularla sp.. The sediment of this zone have a low organic fraction and the zone is on direct influence of the ocean waters. Zone of Macoma sp. and Tellina alternata in the Cananéia sea. Zone of the tanaidaceous Kalliapseudes schubartii and Phoronis sp. principally in the Cubatão sea. In this sea there are the highest organic fraction of the sediment. Zone of Littoridina australis var. nana in the northern region of the Cananéia island. In this zone, we found a low transparency of the water, salinity of 4.91 to 12.36‰ and a high organic fraction in the sediment. Zone of hard bottoms with hydroids and ophiuroids. The Trapande bay, presents the richest muddy infralittoral benthic fauna of the complex. In this bay is found the highest oxygen content and water highest salinity of the complex. Near of the mouth of the rivers and of the "marigots" and in many places of the complex, we found a floculated softy sediment in the bottom. In these places we d'ont found animals or they are very much rare (stations 11, 14, 17, 20, 48, 54 and 56). In two stations near of the Cananéia bar, in result of strong currents we d'ont found animals (St. 2, 5). Inside of the estuarine-lagunar complex of Cananéia (SP) characterized by the presence of muddy and sand-muddy bottoms with a very much poor epifauna we found in the Casqueiro island a infralittoral stone bottom, with a rich epifauna, specially of the hydroids Eudendrium carneum Clarke, the Ophiothrix angulata Say, amphipods, etc. This occurs because this area is situated in a region of function of the waters of the Trapandé bay and that of the Arárapira river, what permits the existence of a stone bottom not covered by the muddy. This situation permits the occurrence of that epifauna.Resumo em Português:
Num trabalho anterior (NONATO & LUNA, 1969) discutimos as espécies de poliquetas de escama que fazem parte de uma coleção proveniente de dragagens executadas pelo Laboratório de Ciências do Mar da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, no Nordeste do Brasil. No atual, são tratadas as espécies desprovidas de escamas, em número de 71. Informações sobre a área amostrada estão contidas nos trabalhos de CAVALCANTI & colab. e de MABESOONE & TINOCO, 1967. Espécies pequenas e delicadas que constituem parte ponderável das populações bentônicas foram muito raras nesta área. Isto pode ser devido a condições eventualmente adversas ou, muito mais provavelmente, é conseqüência de sua destruição durante a coleta e triagem. Os fundos duros predominantes, com superfície irregular e constituídos em grande parte por blocos ou cascalho de algas calcárias e corais, tornam particularmente árdua a amostragem biológica. Nessas condições é difícil preservar a integridade de seres de corpo delicado como os poliquetas, da ação trituradora, dentro dos aparelhos de coleta. Devemos ter em conta essa circunstância ao avaliar a densidade aparente da fauna. Os poliquetas não devem ser tão pouco freqüentes como indica o resultado da prospecção atual. Acreditamos que o uso de melhores técnicas permitirá apreciar a sua verdadeira densidade e conhecer melhor sua distribuição. A pesca noturna, com luz submersa, por exemplo, poderá ser um excelente método para atrair espécies do substrato ou de habitats de outra forma inaccessíveis. Das 71 espécies, apenas uma foi considerada como nova para a ciência. Scoloplis agrestis sp. nov. assemelha-se a S. robustus Rullier e a S. madagascarensis Fauvel, diferindo de ambas pelo número de setígeros torácicos e pelo número reduzido de cerdas aciculares dos neuropódios torácicos. Os Eunicea são o grupo melhor representado, com 26 espécies, das quais a mais comum é Eunice longicirrata Webster (108 exemplares em 19 estações). Diopatra spiribranchis Augener e Hypsicomus elegans Webster são consideradas boas espécies. Somente dois Flabelligerideos foram capturados em toda a área; um deles é um espécimem bem conservado de Pherusa scutigera (Ehlers) e o outro um Piromis sp. A maior parte das espécies desta coleção é constituída por formas semelhantes às encontradas na região das Antilhas, como, aliás, seria de se esperar. Porém, algumas aproximam-se de espécies do Pacífico e do Indico, como é o caso de Glycera longipinnis Grube, Onuphis litoralis Monro e Vermiliopsis acanthophora Augener, cujas características concordam perfeitamente com as descrições a que tivemos acesso.Resumo em Inglês:
This is the second report dealing with the oenthic Polychaeta collected on the continental shelf of the north-eastern Brazil (approximately between 9.º and 11.º of latitude south), by the Laboratorio de Ciencias do Mar (formerly Institute Oceanográfico) of the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. In the first one we discussed only the scale-bearing species tNonato & Luna. 1969). Data concerning the area sampled by the Laboratorio de Ciencias do Mar can be found in the papers of Cavalcanti et al. and Mauksoonk & Tinoco, 1967. The present paper is about the scale-free species, in number of 71. Almost all the smaller species we can expect to find in similar areas, seem to be absent here. This may be due to their actual rarity or, most probably, to their destruction during sampling and sorting. The hard bottom prevailing in the area, which has a very rough surface, shaped by blocks and pebbles of calcareous algae and corals make the biological sampling a hard enterprise. It is particularly difficult to preserve the integrity of soft-bodied animals, such as the polychaetes, against the grinding action of the material inside the sampling devices. We must remember this exceptional condition when judging the apparent scarceness of the polychaetes. If the worm fauna of that region seems, at the first approach, very poor, in reality it may be not. In consequence we hope the use of improved methods of sampling will give far better results. The night fishing, with a submerged light, for example, may be a choice method to attract many species from the ground or from the otherwise unaccessible hide-outs. From the 71 species, only one has been considered as new for the science. Scoloplos agrestis sp. nov, approaches S. robustus Rullier and S. madiiguscarensis Fauvel, but differ from them by the number cf the thoracic sctigers (only 15) and by the number of accicular setae of the thoracic neuropodia (only 5 or 6). The Eunicea is the best represented group, with 26 species; the commonest being Eunice longicirrttia Webster (108 specimens, in 19 stations). Diopatra spiribmnchis Augener and also Hypsieomus elegans Webster are considered as good species. Only two flabelligerids were caught in the whole area; one of them is a well preserved specimen of Pherusa scutigera (Fhlersi and the other a damaged specimen of Piromis sp. The greatest part of the present species is believed to be similar to I hose-found in the Caribbean area, as we should expect. But a few show a great similarity with Pacific and Indian species. Some of them, as Glycera longipinnis Grube, Onuphis litorttlis Monro and Vermiliopsis acanthophora Augener, agree closely with the available descriptions.Resumo em Português:
Amostras coletadas quinzenalmente em três estações fixas ao largo de Cananéia durante os anos de 1958-1959-1960 e ao largo de Santos em 1960 foram analisadas para o estudo da variação sazonal e composição qualitativa de Apendicularias. O. longicauda foi a espécie dominante da região, apresentando uma variação sazonal irregular a qual foi padrão para a variação do total da população de Apendicularias. O. fusiformis e O. dioica apresentaram uma variação sazonal mais regular, a primeira sendo mais abundante nos meses onde a temperatura da água foi mais elevada e a segunda nos meses onde a temperatura foi mais baixa.Resumo em Inglês:
Studies were made on the seasonal variation and qualitative composition of the Appendicularia population from a limited area of the South Atlantic 25º09.5'S to 24º04.0'S latitude and 47º48.4'W to 46º00.4'W longitude at the São Paulo State coast off Cananéia and off Santos. The pattern of the seasonal variation was irregular for the most important species (O. longicauda). Some qualitative differences regarding the species composition are discussed.