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Boletim do Instituto Oceanográfico, Volume: 29, Número: 2, Publicado: 1980
  • Distribuição e ecologia dos decapoda numa área estuarina de Ubatuba (SP) Artigos

    Abreu, Jorge de

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Benthic macro fauna (Decapoda) was sampled by beam trawl at 6 stations in Bay of Fortaleza and adjacents Escuro e Claro rivers (São Paulo, Ubatuba, Brasil). Samples were taken monthly during 1973-1974. Diversity was high in muddy sand sites of Bay of Fortaleza and low at very shallow stations located in the rivers, where the effects of extreme fluctuations of salinity were evident. The changes in species composition appeared to correspond most clearly to differences in salinity. The total number of species of decapods collected in the areas was 27 (14 species of Natantia and 13 of Reptantia). Juveniles of Penaeus brasiiiensis and Penaeus paulensis reach the rivers. Callinectes danae live in the Bay and in the rivers. Xiphopeneus kroyeri is a specie who inhabit the Bay of Fortaleza in high populational density.
  • Observaciones ecologicas de la ictiofauna de una pradera de Thalassia en la Bahia de Nenguange (Parque Nacional Tayrona, Colombia)

    Acero P, Arturo

    Resumo em Inglês:

    In a turle-grass bed (Thalassia testedinum) next to a coral reef (Acropora spp.), 105 species of fish were observed, 42% of them belonged to the community of benthic residents, 45% to suprabenthic nomads and 13% were transients, the importance of Millepora complanata as shelter for the benthic residents is emphasized; it is thought that the distribution of the species observed is based upon trophic differences.
  • Produção primária e concentração de clorofila-a na costa brasileira (Lat. 22º 31'S - Long. 41º52'W a Lat. 28º43'S - Long. 47º57'W) Artigos

    Aidar-Aragão, E.; Teixeira, C.; Vieira, A.A.H.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The distribution of primary production (mgC/m³) and chlorophyll-a (mg/m³) in surface waters at the regions between Cabo Frio (Lat. 22º 31'S - Long. 41º 52'W) and Santa Marta Grande Cape (Lat. 28º 43'S - Long 47º 52'W) is presented. The results were obtained during four oceanographic cruises: May/76, Sept-Oct/76, Jan-Feb/77 and Jan/78 by R/V "Prof. W. Besnard". The highest values for chlorophyll-a and primary production were observed during summer. In general, in all the experiments, coastal waters showed a greater primary production potential. The reasons for the eutrophication of coastal waters are discussed.
  • El plancton del Atlantico suroeste: dinamica y ecologia

    Alvariño, Angeles

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Plankton was collected in Nov.-Dec. 1972, during the Cato-6 Expedition (R/VMelville). Distribution of Siphonophores and Medusae and ecological implications pointed out by these organisms are discussea. 25 species of Siphonophorae were obtained corresponding to tropical, temperate, and Antarctic Sub ant arctic categories. 5 species of Medusae appeared , showing the peculiar erratic distribution typical of these organisms. Faunistic data are presented in tables and maps. Effects of Brazil, Falkland Currents and upwelling, centers appear well defined by the distribution of the siphonophores. Cosmopolitan siphonophores, typical of temperate and warm waters inhabited a band (zone of Rio Grande rise) between the southernmost and northernmost progressions of Brazil and Falkland Currents. These populations are carried toward South-american coasts by the anticyclonic circulation of the Central South Atlantic, forming a convergence; and a divergence towards the north is responsible for development of upwelling systems.
  • Aspectos ecologicos de las algas marinas de la provincia de Concepcion, Chile

    Alveal, Krisler; Romo, Héctor

    Resumo em Espanhol:

    Studies carried out in various localities of the Province of Concepción, Chile (36º40'S; 70º06'W) estabilished the existence of two principal patterns of zonation defined by the populations of Mastocarpus sp. (¿ ?), Tridaea laminarioides, Gelidium pussflum, Ulva lactuca and Perumytilus purpuratus which occupy the lower hydrolittoral. In submerged levels the populations of Gracilaria and Macrocystis. form growths of moderate dimensions and in shallow waters, Iridaea ciliata, Gymnogongrus furcellatus and Gigartina chamissoii in scatterd patches.
  • Importância dos anelídeos poliquetas na alimentação da macrofauna demersal e epibentônica da região de Ubatuba Artigos

    Amaral, A. Cecília Z.; Migotto, Alvaro E.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The purpose of the present investigation is to evaluate the importance of the contribution of polychaetqus annelids to the feeding habits of fishes, crustaceans and molluscs from an important fishing area to the northern coast of São Paulo. Many of the species of fishes caught by otter-trawl, along the first phase of the present work have shown a remarkable preference for the polychaetes, as food items. Among them Rhinobatos horkelli, Orthopristis ruber. Cynoscion striatus, Menticirrhus americanus, Micropogon furnieri, Paralonchurus brasiliensis, Umbrina canosai, Etropus intermedius and Symphurus trewavasae are the most representative in this respect. The taxonomic analysis of the worms revealed the presence of 32 species, from which the more frequent was Nothria stigmatis, Pherusa laevis, Pherusa parmata, Piromis arenosus, Pectinaria laelia and Thelepus setosus.
  • Consideraciones biogeográficas y ecológicas de equinodermos arquibentónicos de Chile Central (com excepción de Crinoidea)

    Vasquez, Héctor Andrade; Retamales, Pedro Báez; Rojas, Maria Codoceo

    Resumo em Inglês:

    30 echinoderm species (the crinoias excepted) have been recorded from the archibenthos off Central Chile. Samples were taken at 5 stations (from Los Vilos to Qutntero). 250-450 m depth range, every 15 days for one year. The concept of Region or Province, usually related to the intertital fauna from high latitudes are showed to be impractical using them with archibenthal echinoderms. The presence oj some species that had been registered as characteristic from the Antarctic Region and/or present in the Argentinian and Magellanic Province is related with the Antarctic Intermediate Water Mass, which is at the capture depth in the sampled area.
  • Ecologia trófica de la caballa (Scombridae, Scomber japonicus marplatensis) del Atlantico sudoccidental

    Angelescu, Víctor

    Resumo em Inglês:

    This study describes the scheme of the interspecific trophic relationships in the pelagic zone of the Argentine continental shelf in the coastal water region along the Province of Buenos Aires, in which the mackerel occupies the trophic levels corresponding to a plankton feeder of copepods of the zooplankton (third level), and to a small predator of the micronecton fish (fourth and fifth levels). The specific food spectrum is wide in the taxonomic composition and it consists of: Copepods, Amphipods, Euphausiids, Decapods (larval and postlarval stages), Chaetognats, small squids and fish, mainly anchovy in all development stages. The size of food species varies from 1 to 140 mm in length and the maximum diameter of the body from 0,8 to 20 mm; the diet is that of a small carnivorous fish tending to the euphagy characteristics of an opportunistic feeder. During the summer months some qualitative, Quantitative and chronological variations in the specific composition of the diet become erudent; these derive from the relative abundance of food species and the monthly sequence of the dominant modal classes in the shoals in this period, the anchovy is always frequent in the stomach contents of youngs and adults of the mackerel, such as larval and postlarval stages, young and adult fish. The capacity of food ingestion varies considerably between 5 and 22% with respect to the body weight of the consumer and the number of ingested specimens with the size of food species. The trophic equivalences calculated between the different food species also show qualitative and quantitative variations, mostly caloric and gravimetric in relation with the anchovy taken as basic food standard; therefore the adults of this species are considered as having the greatest utilitary value for the feeding of the mackerel during the period from October to April. The trophic habitat of the mackerel is included in the spawning and growing area of the anchovy, that at the same time is characterized by a high productivity of calanoid copepods, common food for both species. The food chain of the mackerel belongs to the intermediate type, between chains of simple disposition and food webs, and the main food is represented by two different successive links, one of the zooplankton crustaceans and other of anchovies. Generally, the intake of food is made by two different mechanisms: by filtration of elements of zooplankton (copepods) and by pursuing and capturing small preys (sergestids, chaetognats, squids, anchovies). From this point of view, the mackerel shows a high trophic adaptation characterized by the alternation and transitory change of trophic level and ecological niche, and by the morphological structure of some parts of the digestive system with regard to feedint habits. This last characteristic is also verified by the determination and statistical analysis of certain morphometric relations, mainly the buccal, mandibular intestinal and coelomatic quotiens.
  • Relacion standing crop zooplanctonico y densidad de larvas de peces en Bahia de Concepcion, Chile

    Arcos R, Dagobeerto; Aron N, Alejandro; Carrasco V, Franklin

    Resumo em Inglês:

    From monthly zooplankton samples collected during October 1976 to October 1977, the seasonal variation of zooplankton standing crop and its relation to the number offish larvae from Bay of Concepción has been established. The zooplankton standing crop varied between 58 ml/m² in August and 430 ml/m² in January. The number offish larvae in the same sample ranged from 30 larvae /m² in January to 1045 larvae/m² in March. An inverse relationship between the zooplankton standing crop and the number of fish larvae it was checked and this relation is discussed according to the bibliographic antecedents.
  • Observaciones hidrograficas en Bahia Foster y Bahia Chile (Islas Shetland del Sur) enero 1978

    Arcos R, Dagoberto; Salamanca O, Marco A.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The hydrographical conditions founded in Port Foster (Deception Island) and Chile Bay (Greenwich Island) both belong to the South Shetlands Islands group, Antarctic Peninsula, has been described. This survey has been carried out from the Chilean Navy Oceanographic vessel "YELCHO" in January 1978. An stratification in the area closed with the Antarctic surface waters has been observed. The temperature ranged between -1,60 º C to 1,30º C in Port Foster and 0,46ºC to 1,70ºC in Chile Bay; the salinity ranged between 33.80 ‰ to 34,24‰ in Port Foster and 33,61‰ to 34 ‰ in Chile Bay; the dissolved oxygen varied between 3,47 to 7,02 ml O2/l in both area. The characteristic density (Sigma t) of Antarctic Surface waters in the area, i.e., 26,92 and 27,58 has been observed.
  • Modelo de um sistema eutrófico: fluxo dos nutrientes e sinecologia das populações planctônicas Artigos

    Benon, Patricia; Blanc, François; Bourgade, Brigitte; Kerambrun, Pierre; Leveau, Michel; David, Pascal; Romano, Jean Claude; Sautriot, Dominique; Kantin, Roger

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Based on the information obtained from the Gulf of Fos, France, we propose herewith a generalized model to characterize the physical, chemical and biological parameters and their interrelationship in the eutrophic coastal system. This system is characterized by having high concentration of suspended materials, especially the mineral fraction (C/N > 30). Nutrients concentrations are very high, except in diluted basins. The N-NO3/P-P04 ratio is usually low, due to the preferential assimilation of nitrates and the presence of polyphosphates from sewage waters. The concentrations of phaeopigments are always high (more than 50%), due to the mortalities of freshwater originated phytoplankton, the resuspension of dead vegetal materials, and the grazing of zooplankton. We noted in diluted water of eutrophic system the biomass is high, but the diversity is relatived low, among adapted cells with low " energetic charge". Whereas in oceanic water, the biomass is less, the diversity and energetic charge are increasing. This may indicate that phytoplankton communities have to make an effort to grow and duplicate. In comparing zooplankton populations from eutrophic to oligotrophic waters, biochemical diferentiations were observed for a same species, which may due to the difference in salinities and the presence of chemical pollutants.
  • Interaccion trofica entre dos estrellas de mar (Astropecten riensis y Tethyaster vestitus) en Golfo Triste, Venezuela

    Bitter, Ricardo A.; Molinet, Ricardo; Penchaszadeh, Pablo E.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    This research has been done on the basis of samples obtained at depths between 21 and 63m by trawling in Golfo Triste. The stomach content of 153 specimens of Tethyaster vestitus and 981 specimens of Astiopecten riensis were analyzed. A.riensis seems to be an important element within the trophic structure of the community under study, constituting the second and third level of consumers. T.verstitus is, within the above-mentioned community one of the rare constitiuents of the 4th level consumers despite the fact that it takes part in the 3rd level as well.
  • Revisão da distribuição dos gêneros Paracalanus, Clausocalanus e Ctenocalanus (Copepoda, Crustacea) ao largo do Brasil Artigos

    Bjornberg, Tagea K. S.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Samples cited in the papers of Björnberg (1963, 1965) and some taken recently off Santos, Rio de Janeiro and Cabo Frio (Brazil) were restudied. The distribution of the several species of the genus Paracalanus (carassirostris, nanus, quasimodo, parvus s. str., indicus, aculeatus), of the genus Clausocalanus (furcatus, mastigophorus, pergens, ingens, paululus, parapergens and arcuicornis) were surveyed in Brazilian waters. Two new species Paracalanus campaneri and Delius sewelli were described. Two Ctenocalanus were found in Brazilian waters not corresponding to the description of Ctenocalanus citer. The distribution of these especies was compared off South America.
  • La formacion de anillos de crecimiento en Fissurella crassa en el norte de Chile

    Bretos, Marta

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Growth discontinuity in molluscs result in the formation of rings on their shells. Two kind of rings may be formed: disturbance and growth rings. Growth rings can be used to determine the age of molluscs with long life span. For this, it is necessary to know how many growth rings are formed per year. It has been demonstrated experimentally, using marked specimens, that F. crassa forms two growth rings per year at Huayquique, Northern Chile. They are formed during winter and summer. Disturbance ring formation has also been observed as a result of sawing marks on their shells. A growth curve for this species is proposed on the basis of Watford's line.
  • Nota sobre la biologia de los depositos fangosos circalitorales frente a Punta del Este, Uruguay

    Caches, Mario A.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    A circalitoral muddy bottom community is studied off Punta del Este, Uruguay. From this study a relevant fact is observed: the coexistence between deposit-feeders and suspension-feeders. It has long been thought that they are excludent trophic groups. The coexistence may be explained by the deposit stability favourished by a dense population of the tube-building polychaete Onuphis setosa.
  • Discusión taxonómica de algunas especies interesantes de los géneros Biddulphia Gray y Triceratium Ehrenberg (Bacillariophyceae)

    Ortiz, Maria Consuelo Carbonell

    Resumo em Inglês:

    A taxonomic revision of some diatom species of the genera Biddulphia Gray and Triceratium Ehrenberg is made. The species are: B. azorica Pavillard, B. schroederiana Schussnig, B. membranacea Cleve. T. formosum Brightwell f.formosum, T. formosum f. quadrangularis (Hustedt), T. formosum f. quinquelobulata (Hustedt), T. shadboltianum Greville, T. shadbottianum f. elongata (Grunow) Hustedt and T. pelagicum (Schroder) Sournia. These species have poor siliciflcation of the frustules, reduced valvar apendixes and spines or none; these features could be regarded as adaptations to pelagic life. Descriptions and microphotographies of the species were made. These Biddulphia spp were found to be very close and some morphometric differences in the relation apical axe/pervalvar axe were taken in order to identify them quickly. All forms were found to be more frequent in no rain season and in high salinity waters (36 ‰). For T. formosum f. quadrangularis (Hustedt) and T. formosum f. quinquelobulata (Hustedt) some explanations were made about its real infrasnecific position, so that T. quadrangulare Greville and T. quinquelobutarum Greville should be regarded as different species of that forms of T.formosum Brightwell. B. azorica Pavillard and B. schroederiana Schussnig are first reported for the Caribbean Sea area.
  • Estimación de la producción secundaria de Paraprionospio pinnata (Spionidae, Polychaeta) frente a Bahía de Concepción, Chile

    Vázquez, Franklin Carrasco; Rojas, Dagoberto Arcos

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The marine worm Paraprionospio pinnata population of a mud-bottom station at a depth of 65 m off Conception Bay, Chile, has been studied over the period October 1976 to October 1977. The epscies were counted, divided into year groups and the biomass of each group estimated as ash-free dry weight. Production estimate has been made by compunting mortality and residual biomass. Two year-class were present. The biomass, averaged over the year, was 1886 mg/m² and the production 4529 mg/m²/year, giving a P: B ratio of 2,4:1.
  • A flora marinha bentônica do litoral do Estado da Paraíba: perspectivas econômicas Artigos

    Carvalho, F. A. Fernandes de

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Qualitative and quantitative aspects of the benthic algal populations on the coastal reefs of Paraíba, Brazil, are given together with the distribution of the species along a transect from the beach to the outer edge of the reefs. A discussion is presented concerning the economic potential of the species found in the area.
  • Contribución al conocimiento de los hábitos alimenticios de Lepidochelys olivacea y Chelonia mydas agassizi (Reptilia, Cheloniidae) en el Pacífico Mexicano

    Casas-Andreu, Gustavo; Gómez-Aguirre, Samuel

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The results of a study on the feeding habits of L. olivacea and C. mydas agassizi from the Pacific coast, located at 19ºN and 105ºW, are presented. A preference for feeding on crustacea was observed on L. olivacea, proving to be essentially a carnivorous specie. In the case of C. m. agassizi a certain balance between algae and animal feeding was appreciated, beeing the plants in a greater volume and animals more diversified. Related to animal preying C m. agassizi bucal structure, seems to be adapted toward the retention of animals captured with algae. Apparently there is no competition for food between both species,, given that L. olivacea feeds on organisms from sandy bottoms, while C. m, agassizi feeds on arrecifal or rocky bottoms.
  • Mesoplodon densirostris (Cetacea, Ziphiidae), primeiro registro para o Atlântico Sul Ocidental Artigos

    Castello, Hugo P.; Pinedo, Maria Cristina

    Resumo em Inglês:

    A female Blainville's beaked whale, Mesopiodon densirostris, 4.4m long was found stranded at 42km, South of Cassino, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The triangular shape and dimensions of the pair of unerupted teeth (60 x 45 x 11 mm) in the lower jaw, together with the distance (180mm) from the alveoli to the hinder edge of the mandibular symphysis proved to be a good systematic character for females of this species. The vertebral formula is C 7 + D 10 + L 11 + Ca 15 (+2) =45. It presents 10 pairs of ribs, 6 being double headed. M. densirostris is the only species of Mesopiodon which seems normally to occur both north and south of the equator and also the onlv species of this genus to strand on oceanic island of tropical and warm-temperature waters. The present record is the first for the Soutn West Atlantic waters.
  • Contribucion al conocimiento de las condiciones hidrograficas de los fiordos de la region magallanica - Chile

    Chuecas M, Lisandro; Ahumada B, Ramon

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The spring hydrographic conditions of Magellan flords region were described (i.e., Seno Almirantazgo, Bahía Inútil, Seno Otway and Golfo Xaultegua). The large differences in the water body observed among the fjords were related to the distance between the fjords to the shore and the influence of the coastal waters. Furthemore a seasonal variations analysis with spring and fall data has been carried out. The result shows that the most important parameter in the seasonal fluctuations of the water body was temperature.
  • The acute toxicity of four heavy metals (Cd++, Cr+++, Cu++, and Zn++) to the juvenile spotted brown shrimp (Penaeus brasiliensis)

    Chung, K. S.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The static biossays were performed to determine lethal concentration (LC50) values of four heavy metals (Cd++, Cr+++. Cu++. and Zn++) of spotted brown shrimp (Penaeus brasiliensis) The test animals were collected from the Laguna of Restinga, Nueva Esparto, and were acclimated in the laboratory condition for 11-21 days. Temperature and salinity were 22 ºC and 36 ppt, respectively. The LC50 values (mg/l) determined by probability-logarithm transformation were as follows-cadmium: 38 (24 -h), 21 (48 -h), and 12 (60 -h);chromium:40 (48 -h), 23 (60 -h), 13 (86 -h), and 10 (96 -h); copper: 24 (48 -h), 19 (60 -h), 16 (72 -h), 14 (86 -h), and 10 (144 -h); and zinc: 69 (24 -h), 25 (36 -h), 15 (48 -h) and 8 (60 -h). The LC50 values of 48 -h and 60 -h indicate that the most toxic heavy metals to P. brasiliensis in order are zinc, cadmium, copper, and chromium.
  • Tolerancia termica de algunos peces marinos tropicales: estudio preliminar

    Chung, K. S.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The critical thermal maximum (CTM) and the first equilibrium loss (FEL) of six tropical marine fishes were determined. CTM were Mugil curema (41.4º C), Genres sp. (39.2ºC), Orthopristis ruber (38.7ºC), Archosargus rhomboidalis (39.39ºC), Gobioides sp. (38.6ºC).and Chilomycterus sp (39.3ºC). FEL's were Mugil curema (40.7ºC), Gerres sp. (38.5ºC), Orthopristis ruber (37.2ºC), Gobioides sp. (36.0ºC), and Chilomycterus sp. (38.3ºC). The mean difference between CTM and FEL ranged from 0.93 to 2.66ºC and was significantly different.
  • Alimentacion y crecimiento de juveniles de corvina, Micropogon opercularis, en condiciones experimentales

    Ciechomski, Juana D. de

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The present paper deals with the results obtained on the basis of studies on the feeding and growth of juveniles of the croaker, Micropogon opercularis in experimental conditions. The following, more important results, were obtained: 1. - The values of the daily food requirement for the juveniles of 79-126 mm in total length and of 4.1-22 g in weight, at the beginning of the experiments, oscillated between 1,29 and 6,88%, with the average of 3,58 %. 2. -The efficiency of conversion of food is rather high and was calculated; for "normal" specimens as 19,45 % in average. 3. -Very big individual differences were observed in the growth of the juveniles. In the case of the total lengths, the rate of annual growth oscillated between 15,2 and 114,2% and. in the case of the weights, between 23,5 and 1114.5%. 4. -It was observed that in the scales of the juveniles under experiments the first annulus is not formed or is formed not always in a regular way.
  • Ecologia del manglar en una zona arida: exposicion al oleaje y estructura del manglar

    Cintrón, Gilberto; Goenaga, Carlos; Gonzáles-Liboy, José

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Observations in a mangrove lined coast in south-western Puerto Rico (rainfall 800-1,000 mm; evaporation 1,900-2,200 mm; mean annual temperature 25º C; and average tidal range 0.3 m) have shown that the degree of structural development of the mangrove forest is closely related to wave exposure. In exposed coastal segments, sand berms formed by wave action within the outer fringe prevent water flow towards the inner forest, resulting in high salinities. The berms are higher in areas where the outer mangrove fringe has been destroyed by storms or other causes. Dead mangrove stands are found behind these areas and salinities reach 75-80‰ We suggest that the mangrove fringe contributes to dissipate wave energy over a broad area which reduces the high of the berm. The presence of absence of "blowholes" in the seagrass Thalassia; bed is an index of the degree of protection that the coast receives. The "thickness" of the mangrove fringe is also related to the degree of shelter: it is "thin" in high energy segments, "thick" in coastal segments subject to intermediate energy and "thin"again in the most sheltered locations. In the outlying cays mangrove development follows a similar pattern: the outer exposed cays (essentially coral islands mantled by coarse sands) are devoid of mangrove cover or have stunted trees (generally Laguncularia; canopy height, 2 m). Islands which are less exposed are colonized by Rhizophora which frequently forms overwashed forests (canopy height, 8-9 m). In the most seltered areas, Rhizophora colonizes the shallow banks, forming islands which soon develop an inner hypersaline lagoon due to the accumulation of material in the outer edges and the accumulation of salt in the interior. The wave energy level reaching a given section of the coast is therefore an important factor which determines the degree of structural development of the mangrove forest. High energy levels are associated with erosion, destruction or deposition of berms which affect mangrove development. Low energy levels, however, are associated with a rapid process of island maturation, aging and death due to rapid salt accumulation.
  • Bentos litorâneo do Nordeste Oriental do Brasil: I. Povoamentos dos substratos móveis Artigos

    Coelho, Petronio Alves; Ramos-Porto, Marilena

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The studied area is limited by São Francisco River mouth, to the South, and by Coroa das Lavadeiras, State of Rio Grande do Norte, to the North. This area presents only two seasons, summer and winter. During the summer, the freshwater inflow is smaller, the southeast winds are dominant, the temperature, the salinity and the transparence of water are high. The winter is characterized by greater freshwater inflow, east winds, smaller temperature and low salinity and transparence only in coastal and estuarine waters. Off São Francisco River mouth the water conditions are inverted and the salinity and transparence variations affect all continental shelf. In the soft bottoms are found the following communities: a) Supralittoral beach; 2) Mediolittoral beach; 3) Infralittoral beach; 4) Circalittoral mud (São Francisco mouth); 5) Circalittoral gravel mud (São Francisco mouth).
  • Bentos litorâneos do Nordeste Oriental do Brasil: II. Povoamentos dos subtratos duros Artigos

    Coelho, Petronio Alves; Ramos-Porto, Mari Lena

    Resumo em Inglês:

    In the rocky and gravely bottoms there are endolithic and epilithic species, and some soft bottom species. It was possible to distinguish in these bottoms the following communities: 1) supralittoral rock; 2) upper mediolittoral rock; 3) lower mediolittoral rock; 4) infralittoral rock; 5) infralittoral gravel; 6) circalittoral rock; and 7) semi-obscure caves.
  • Crustáceos decápodos da costa do Maranhão, Brasil Artigos

    Coelho, Petrônio Alves; Ramos-Porto, Marilena

    Resumo em Inglês:

    This paper presents a list of crustacean decapods occuring in the State of Maranhão coast, Brazil, based on the study of collections of the Departamento de Oceanografia (Universidade Federal de Pernambuco) and Laboratório de Hidrobiologia (Fundação Universidade do Maranhão) and on litterature records. There are recorded 149 species (37 species of Natantia and 112 species of Reptantia).
  • Zoogeografia marinha do Brasil: I. Considerações gerais sobre o método e aplicação a um grupo de crustáceos (Paguros: Crustácea Decápoda, super-famílias Paguroidea e Coenobitoidea) Artigos

    Coelho, Petronio Alves; Santos, Maria Fernanda Borges Abrantes dos

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The present paper is the first of a series dealing with marine zoogeography of Brazil. The Brazilian marine fauna has been well worked only recently, and the contributions on the zoogeography of various groups are in dependence of conclusions of faunistic surveys. Since Dana (1852) to present, various authors have divided diversely the littoral in natural regions, according temperature, salinity and species ranges. In the present paper the littoral between French Guiana and North Argentina was divided in 26 strips 2º wide, each strip extending from the coast to the 200 m isobath. The temperature and salinity data (surface and bottom) collected in each strip by Oceanographie Ship "Almirante Saldanha" were gathered in order to calculate the mean temperature of extreme months and the corresponding salinities (other data were also used, when necessary). The species list of each strip was made with the previously published records and the data of research institution files. The distributional data for the hermit crab were analysed in three ways: horizontal distribution; bathymetric range and substrate preferences. It was possible to divide the study area in five provinces (Guyanian, Brazilian, St. Paul's, Uruguayan and Argentinian); the St. Paul's Province is a transition zone between Tropical and Anti-Boreal Regions.
  • A ecossondagem pesqueira no litoral do Rio Grande do Sul Artigos

    Cunha, Luiz Paulo Rodrigues

    Resumo em Inglês:

    In the present paper the echo-sounding use accomplished by fishery boats for demersal species in the Rio Grande do Sul littoral is discussed. Considerations on the best use are made, including the need of more adequate echo-sounders and the training of the skeepers in echo-sounding techniques.
  • Avances en el conocimiento ecologico de Gracilaria verrucosa en el area de Concepcion, Chile

    Dellarossa, Víctor; Romo, Héctor; Alveal, Krisler
  • Contenido energetico de algunos invertebrados bentonicos de la costa de Chile y fluctuación anual em Mytilus chilensis Hupe 1854

    Duarte, William E.; Jara, Fernando; Moreno, Carlos A.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Caloric values, ash and hydric percentages were obtained from the most abundant benthic invertebrates of Corral Bay, from which this information was not previously available. The range of these values is not different to those of related taxonomic groups of other oceans. Annual fluctuations of these paramenters were studied in Mytilus chilensis so as to obtain a quantitative estimation of the variation of these values.
  • Composição do microfitoplâncton do estuário do Rio Igarassu (Pernambuco) Artigos

    Eskinazi-Leça, Enide; Passavante, José Zanon de Oliveira; França, Lucy Moreira B.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    This paper reports a quali - and quantitative study on phytoplankton occuring in the estuary of Igarassu river (Lat. 7º 49'S-34º 52'W), one of the most important in the Itamaracd region (50 km north of Recife, PE, Brazil). Samples were taken during the period May, 1973 to May, 1974. Forty two species of diatoms were identified and listed, representing the most frequent group of the marine microalgae collected. Special emphasis is given to the ecological conditions of the estuary.
  • Crustáceos decápodos da Ilha da Restinga Artigos

    Farias, Maria da Conceição Quintino

    Resumo em Inglês:

    This paper deals with the decapods crustaceans from Restinga island (Paraíba State, Brazil). A list of species collected from September 1977 to March 1978 and some ecological notes are given. Those following species were found in the island: Macrobrachium acanthurus (Wiegmann). Alpheus heterochaelis Say, Upogebia omissa Gomes-Corrêa, Petrolisthes armatus (Gibbes), Clibanarius vitatus (Bose), Clibanarius sclopetarius (Herbst), Callinectes danae Smith, Callinectes exasperatus (Gerstaecker), Callinectes bocourti. A.Milne Edwards, Callinectes sp., Panopeus herbstii. A. Milne Edwards, Cytoplax spinidentata (Benedict), Goniopsis cruentata (Latreille), Aratus pisonii (Milme Eawards), Pachygrapsus gracilis (Saussure), Pachygrapsus transversus Gibbes), Sesarma rectum Randall, Sersama angustipes Dana, Cardisoma guanhunti Latreille, Uca leptodactyia Rathbun, Uca maracoani Latreille), Uca rapax (Smith), Uca panema Coelho, Uca thayeii Rathbun, Uca vocator Herbst), Uca cumulanta Crane, Ocypode quadrata (Fabricius), Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus) e Calappa ocelata Holthuis.
  • Comportamento migratório da lagosta Panulirus argus (Latreille), em frente ao Estado do Ceará, Brasil Artigos

    Fonteles-Filho, Antonio Adauto; Ivo, Carlos Tassito Corrêa

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Tagging experiments have been used to study the migratory behaviour of the spiny lobster Panulirus argus (Latreille), off Ceará State, Brazil. An analysis based on vectorial theory has provided the calculation of the coefficient of directional dispersion ( V), the coefficient of randon disperson (a² ) and the centre of density, by quarters of the year. The lobsters were found to engage in breeding migration in the second quarter, when there is a low random dispersion and in feeding migration in the third and fourth quarters, when there is high randon dispersion. The spawning areas are located in offshore regions and the lobsters reach them by moving seawardly, from positions occupied nearer the cost, in the fourth quarter.
  • Compostos biologicamente ativos em invertebrados marinhos Artigos

    Freitas, José Carlos de

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The author has reviewed the classification, the nomenclature and the ecological aspects of biologically active compounds, emphasizing the Freyvogel & Perret's (1973) concepts of venomous and poisonous organisms. The literature involving the phyla Annelida, Mollusca and Arthropoda was also reviewed. The author's pharmacological studies performed with the polychaete Eurytlioe camplanata, which revealed a dializable principle, active in the guinea pig's ileum and dorsal muscle ot polvchaete itself are also commented. This principle differs from Acetylcholine and Serotonin. Pharmacologically studies in the sea-hares (genus Aplysia) were also focused, including the author's contribution. In the glands os Aplysia brasiliana, namely the mid-gut-gland, the opaline gland and the purple gland, the author confirmed presence of cholinesters, which are discussed in the review. Toxicity of Arthropods are also discussed, mainly in decapod crustaceans. In some Brazilian crabs studies revealed a pharmacological activity of the gastric secretion expelled with an apparently defensive purpose and its ecological importance is focused in terms of the community. The relatively scarce studies of chemical ecology of marine organisms in Latin America and the importance of these studies were finally emphasized.
  • Variación estacional de grandes medusas (Scyphozoa) en un sistema de lagunas costeras del sur del Golfo de México (1977/1978)

    Gomez-Aguirre, Samuel

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Two species of large jelly-fish Aurelia aurita L. and Stomoiophus meleagris Ag, have been registered within a yearly cycle at the system of coastal lagoons "Carmen-Machoria-Redonda ", South of the Gulf of Mexico. A. aurita showed two well defined periods: autumn/winter with predominant young specimens (25 to 100 mm) and spring/summer with a wide adult distribution (200 to 400 mm), beeing the juveniles restricted to the internal, regions of the system. S. meleagris gave evidence of adult populations all year round, the greatest population density occurred during the summer/autumn period with maximum sizes of 200 to 300 mm and during the winter/spring period, juveniles from 10 to 30 mm in December and 50 to 100 mm in April, giving a distribution pattern very similar to A. aurita.
  • Potencialidad del cultivo en balsa de Semimytilus algosus (Gould) 1850, en la Bahia de Concepcion (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Mytilidae)

    González, José; Villagra, Jorge; Hinojosa, Mauricio; Becerra, Raúl

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Semimytilus algosus (Gould) 1850, constitutes a potencial resource for cultivation in Chile. The geographic distribution extenas from Manta, Ecuador to the Gulf of Arauco in Chile (Osario & Bahamonde, 1968). Juveniles with a 7 mm mode were collected from the mouth of the Bio-Bio River (36º 48'S, 73º10'W), and were encorded using the Spanish and French systems. These cords, 3 m long, were suspended from an experimental raft (4x4 m) in the western part of Concepción Bay (36º 42'S, 72º 02'W). After 11 months of suspension the mussels had attained a modal lenght of 52 mm, and absolute increase of 45 mm. The maximun length measured was 67 mm. A parallel study of the natural population revealed a slow growth rate, with much smaller maxima than those obtained with the raft. The experimental population seemed to exhibit a short life cycle, as demostrated in part by the rapid growth rate and a high natural death rate before completing a year of suspension. A histological analysis showed S.algosus to be hermafroditic, with mature gametes during the entire year. The gametes varied only slightly in shape and size from the gametes described for other mussel species. Canning tests were made in the local industries. Individuals with a modal length of 36-38 mm yielded 30%, while those of 30 mm individuais used in this experiment, S. algosus demonstrated a yield that compared favorably with that of other comercially important mussels, and would seem to present a great potential for a future induslrial resource.
  • Equinodermos colectados por el oceanografico pesquero "B. C. Academic Knipovic", en el sur de Chile

    Guzmán C, Alfonso

    Resumo em Inglês:

    This is a study of the echinoderms caught during the oceanographic fishery cruise performed by the "B.C. Academic Knipovic"in April, 1973. The recorded specimens are from the South of Chile (45º 08'S; 74º 54'W) and belong to the classes Asteroidea: Ctenodiscus procurator Sladen; Peribolaster folliculatus Sladen; Porania antarctica Smith; Echinoidea: Tripylaster philippi (Gray) and Ophiuroidea: Astrotoma agassizzi Lyman and Gorgonocephalus chilensis (Philippi). New recorded to Peribolaster folliculatus Sladen, 45º08'S; 74º54'W. Ecological data, geographical and batimetric distribution are given.
  • Método para classificação automática de padrões multiespectrais de imagens orbitais em águas costeiras Artigos

    Herz, Renato; Tanaka, Keiko

    Resumo em Inglês:

    This study is based essentially on the pattern recognition of concentrations of suspended solids from LANDSAT-2 imagery recorded on CCT's and processed through the IMAGE-100 system. The June 24, 1976 passage over Guanabara Bay and outlying waters was classified using maximum-likelihood and cluster synthesis routines. The thematic map generated by the IMAGE-100 showed high consistency between the distribution of suspended solids and the bi-dimensional models of surface circulation, especially during high and low tides. Biological parameters obtained from the 1977 Environmental Control Program, State of Rio de Janeiro, correlated with orbital data corresponding to the spatial distribution of summer coliform counts. The same could have been deduced for the presence of inorganic dissolved phosphatesin the waters of Guanabara Bay given chemical data.
  • Relação peso / comprimento e fator de condição de Macrodon ancylodon (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) capturada nas costas do Rio Grande do Sul (Latitude 29ºS a 32ºS ) Artigos

    Juras, Ilidia da Ascenção Garrido Martins

    Resumo em Inglês:

    This paper deal with the length-weight relationship and the condition factor of Macrodon ancylodon caught by trawls along the southern coast of Brazil (29ºS to 32ºS], from September/1976 to August/1977. The total length (cm) was correlated with the weight (g), by means of the expression W = aLb, adjusted by least square method, after a logarithmic transformation. We can observe three periods concerned length-weight relationship: (1) October, November, December and January, with highest weights values; (2) February, March, April and May, with smallest weights values; and (3) June, July, August and September, with intermediary weights between the other periods. We did'nt observe considerable differences between males and females. The condition factor increase with the length increment. The highest condition factor values were observed in November and the smallest in April.
  • Distribuição da temperatura na superfície do mar obtida através do uso de sensores remotos na área compreendida entre Itanhaém e a Ilha de São Sebastião (SP) Artigos

    Ikeda, Yoshimine; Pereira Filho, Nuno

    Resumo em Português:

    A utilização de sensores remotos em oceanografia tem sido amplamente aumentada principalmente devido aos aspectos sinópticos, ao aumento da precisão das informações bem como do aspecto econômico. Este trabalho apresenta as características e os resultados primários de alguns vôos executados sobre o mar na região próxima a Santos e Ilha de São Sebastião, na costa sudeste do Brasil. A técnica mostrou-se eficiente na verificação dos processos de circulação costeira, bem como em qualquer processo em que se utilize a temperatura como traçador. As correntes de maré parecem exercer grande influência na área próxima a baía de Santos, onde uma velocidade superficial média da ordem de 1,2 m/s foi estimada, e essa influência pode se estender à distância da ordem de 50 mn. Podemos observar também a possível divisão da área, pelo menos superficialmente, em duas sub-áreas, com comportamentos térmicos diferentes, cuja interface se desenvolve normalmente à costa em frente a Santos.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The use of remote sensing in oceanography, has been largely increased, mainly because the synoptic look, the accuracy of the data as well as the economics aspects. This paper shows the features and the first results of some experiments performed in the offshore region near Santos Bay and São Sebastião Island, in the southeast coast of Brazil. The technique seems to be powerfull in coastal circulation studies, as well as, in every process that uses the temperature as a natural tracer. The tide currents seem to have large influence in the area near the Santos Bay, with a surface mean speed of about 1.2 m/s, which can reach distances of about 50 n.m. One can note that the area can be divided, at least in surface terms, in two subareas, with different thermal behaviours, with the interface standing normal to the coast in front of Santos.
  • Método gráfico e estimativa de índice alimentar aplicado no estudo de alimentação de peixes Artigos

    Kawakami, E.; Vazzoler, G.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Using a figure which is a combination of volume percentage (Vi) in the axis of x and frequency of occurrence percentage (Fi) in the axis of y it is possible to obtain paralelograms representing the relative importance of the food items. The paralelogram areas are proportional to the volume (%) and frequency of occurrence (%) products; such values are used to calculate a "feeding index" (IAi). This "feeding index'' is proposed as a new method to evaluate the true importance of each food item in the feeding spectrum of each species, as well as to contribute to the understanding of the relationships between several species when applied to fish fauna from the same place and at the same time.
  • Estudo sobre a produtividade primária de uma estação fundeada no estuário do Rio Curú (Ceará-Brasil), no período de Setembro de 1977 a Maio de 1978 Artigos

    Klein, Vera Lucia Mota; Franca, Maria Acy Moura

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The study of primary production from phytoplankton in estuarine regions is of basic importance, to projects of culture of oysters, shrimps and fishes. In this paper a study was made of the primary production in the Rio Curú's estuary (Ceará-Brasil), during the period from September, 1977 to May, 1978. We used the Winkler's method to make the measurement of productions. The data obtained on oxygen produced varied from 0.03 to 0.04 m LO2 |l| hour of light, for net production and 0.01 to 0.04 ml O2 |l| hour of light for the total production. Qualitative and quantitative studies were also made to obtain the dominant species and the most abundant and most frequent species.
  • Materia organica en una laguna de la costa de Sinaloa, Mexico: (I) : cuantificacion total

    Lanza E, Guadalupe de la

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The distribution and variation of total organic matter (TOM) during the rainy season, was studied in the sediments of the coastal lagoon of Huizache-Caimanero, Sinaloa. Two well defined areas werw detected: one with more than 9% TOM, NE of the lagoon, and other with less than 9% TOM, SW of the lagoon. An almost homogeneous TOM concentration was found from the surface to 15-20 cm depth of the sediment core. This is probably due to the continuous addition of TOM from the terrestrial and submerged vegetation.
  • O sensoriamento remoto aplicado na estimativa da concentração de clorofila no mar Artigos

    Lorenzzetti, João Antonio

    Resumo em Inglês:

    In this paper the feasibility of estimating the chlorophyll content of ocean waters through the use of multispectral remote sensors on board of orbiting satellites, is discussed. Some aspects of the physical foundations of the interaction processes of visible light (380-770 nm) with the atmosphere and liquid mass and some models for this detection, are also discussed.
  • O sensoriamente remoto aplicado a um modelo de cartas de pesca Artigos

    Maluf, Sydnéa

    Resumo em Inglês:

    A methodology for the determination of the best potential fishing zones, for sardine, in the Brazilian coastal area of the Southwestern Tropical Atlantic Ocean, between latitudes 21º45'S and 25º00'S and longitudes 40º50'W and 47º00'W is presented. By using this methodology, a fishing chart model is developed from observations relative to the months of July, August, September, November and December. Marine fishing chart containing such zones are presented for the September month. The potentiality of the VHRR-IR and the surface charts of NOAA's satellite, as a help in the determination of the fishing zones is also demonstrated.
  • Distribuição sazonal de zooplâncton, ovos e larvas de peixes na região centro-sul do Brasil (1975-77) Artigos

    Matsuura, Yasunobu; Nakatani, Keshiyu; Tamassia, Sergio Tadeu Jurovsky

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Abundances of Zooplankton volumes, fish eggs and larvae were determined for 812 oceanographic stations on six survey cruises to the southern Brazilian continental shelf. Contour charts of Zooplankton volumes are presented. A marked seasonality on Zooplankton volumes and number of fish eggs and larvae was observed. The highest values were obtained during late spring and summer seasons and the lowest in the autumn. The mean values of Zooplankton volumes, eggs and larvae for different depth zones and subareas were presented. Major part of fish larvae were classified into 55 families. The most abundant group were those of family Engraulidae, Myctophidae and Gonostomatidae. The larvae of Clupeidae were abundant in the late-spring and summer cruises.
  • Un nuevo analisis de la distribucion vertical de Paracalanus crassirostris (Copepoda Calanoidea) mediante el modelo linear general (Omega)

    Milstein, Ana

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The material analysed here is part of a collection made with a 91 van Dorn bottle in a 5 m depth station at Ubatuba - São Paulo, between June 1976 and May 1977. Two sets of general linear models were constructed, one for the winter months (June, July and August) and the other for the summer ones (December, January and February). In each set, copepodid stages and adults were studied separately, in relation to hour of sampling, depth, interaction hour-depth, and environmental factors (light penetration, dissolved oxygen, salinity and temperature, considered as a whole). All the stages studied were spread in the water column and show no vertical migration. The hour was not significant for any stage except for copepodid V female in winter. This results agree with a previous analysis of the same material performed with the data of each two months throughout the year (Milstein, 1978).
  • Espectro alimentario de Urophycis brasiliensis (Kaup, 1858) (Pisces, Gadidae)

    Mora, Olga; Pintos, Wilson

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The feeding habits of Urophycis brasiliensis, were studied on the basis of stomach analyses of 130 specimens, collected from three different sites in coastal waters of the Departament of Montevideo, Uruguay, on June 26th, September 3 th and November 6th of 1978. These data were completed by a morphological study of the digestive tract, revealing a system adapted for ingesting mobile prey of considerable size, principally benthic organisms and fish. The diet varied with specimens size; smaller individuals chose decapod crustaceans whereas larger ones took fish.
  • Selectividad del alimento en dos peces bentofagos (Mugiloides chilensis y Calliclinus geniguttatus)

    Moreno, Carlos A.; Zamorano, Juan H.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Prey electivity of two littoral fishes that belong to intermedial links of the trophic sub-web of the trophic sub-web of Caleta San Carlos, Corral bay is studied. Stomach content has been analyzed by mean of the numerical method and prey abundance in the environment has been evaluated with 0.1 m² samples, taken with SCUBA techniques. For each prey that's consumed by these fishes, Ivlev's electivity index was fitted; besides that, the correlation between food availability and the amount that is consumed by each of these predators was established. The results have been interpreted according to the behaviour of these fishes in relation to the top predator of the community. The results suggest that electivity has a component that's induced by the adaptive responde of these fishes with the top predator.
  • Algumas considerações sobre os índices metabólicos da lagosta Panulirus argus (Latreille) Artigos

    Alves, Maria Ivone Mota; Mota, Regina Valéria Correia

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The investigation of the flsioecological aspects of marine species of commercial interest is of great importance, as some problems related to fisheries could partially or totally be resolved on fisiological basis (Alvarez & Dias, 1971). In this paper, the metabolic demands of Panulirus agus (Latreille) are studied, measured through oxygen consumption in µ1 of O2 /g/h, and compared to the data available for Panulirus laevicauda (Latreille) The study is based in 80 juvenile spiny tobster in several molting stages, hand captured by diving during low tide in coastal waters off the County ofFortaleza. For oxygen consumption determination, the method recommended by Schlieper(1972) was used, the dissolved oxygen measures effected with the aid of an "Oxygen Meter Model 51-A-YSI" The values were refered in µ1 O2 /g/h. The calculation of relationships consumption O2/weight were made using the linear model y = a+ bX, by the method of least squares. The following conclusions were obtained: 1. The O2 consumption, in the different molting stages dim inished as the animal weight increased. 2. No significant difference in O2 consumption was found between males and females. 3. The spiny lobster in study nas in the differents molting stages, low metabolic demands stages D presenting the highest O2 consumption. 4. For each molting stage equation relating weight and O2 consumption were calculated as follows: P. argus P. laevicauda molt A C = 97.55 - 1.36 W r = 0,97 molt A C = 86.17 - 0,99 W molt B C = 87.96 - 1.02 W r = 0.95 molt B C = 87.51 - 1,08 W molt C C = 86.03 - 0.92 W r = 0.98 molt C C = 91.03 - 1,20 W molt D C =107.47 - 1.84 W r = 0.98 molt D C = 87.77 - 0,97 W 5. The calculated values based on the equations are quite similar to those values obtained, thus the utilization of me equations being valid
  • Estudo do ciclo de vida do peixe-espada Trichiurus lepturus Artigos

    Nakatani, Keshiyu; Matsuura, Yasunobu; Sato, Gosuke

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Eggs and larvae of the cutlassfish, Trichiurus lepturus, were collected during the survey cruises of the project FINEP to determinate spawning areas and season. Six cruises were made from 1975 to 1977 in southern Brazil (23º S -29º S). Spawning occurred throughout the year, but intensively in the cruise, May 1976 (autumn). The heavy spawning area was offshore region of Ilha Grande and of Ilha de Sta. Catarina. Mean temperature of the spawning area was 24.09 ºC, ranging from 21.15 to 26.29 ºC and mean salinity was 35.31 ‰, ranging from 35.04 to 35.52 ‰. Catch data of cutlassfish fishery showed a gradual increase last several years in the two states: São Paulo and Santa Catarina.
  • Efeitos do caranguejo Pinnotheres ostreum em ostras Crassostrea rhizophorae Artigos

    Nascimento, Iracima Andrade; Pereira, Solange Andrade

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Some biological parameters of the oyster (Crassostrea rhizopharae), during the spawning and post-spawning periods, were analised in relation to the infestation by the pea crab (Pinnotheres ostreum) The biological parameters considered were: size, total weight, wet and dry meat weight, and condition index. Utilizing the χ2 test these parameters and infestation by the pea crab were shown to to be associated. The incidence of pea crabs was higher during the spawning period than in the post-spawning period, reaching a maximum (20.3% infestation) in oysters with a size of 6 to 7 cm. The values of the condition index and percent of meat (wet and dry weight) for these oysters were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than for uninfested oysters. From these results there seems to be no doubt that the pea crab (V. ostreum) injures the mangrove oysters which supports the conclusion that these crabs are true parasites for C. rhizophorae.
  • Distribuição da matéria orgânica nos sedimentos marinhos costeiros e nos solos hidromórficos da orla litorânea do Estado de São Paulo Artigos

    Navarra, Cláudio T.; Furtado, Valdenir V.; Eichler, Beatriz B.; Prado, Omar R. do

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The organic matter content in the fine-fraction of 200 marine sediments samples and in 50 whole continental samplel along the Estado de São Paulo coast, between Cananéia and Ubatuba, show a close relation between organic content and depositional environment. Samples were collected in coastal plains lagoon-estuarine mangroves and inner continental shelf environments representative of that coastal region.
  • Considerações sobre a criação de peixes estuarinos em viveiros Artigos

    Nomura, Hitoshi

    Resumo em Inglês:

    During the spawning period, fishes of the familes Mugilidae and Centropomidae concentrate on the river mouths or brackishwater lagoons. Those species are reared in fish-ponds ("viveiros") in northeastern Brazil, mainly at Pernambuco State. Presently, polyculture trials are made with those species, together with three others of the family Gerridae, with or without artificial feeding or fertilization. The yields are very high per ha /year. A review of the biology of those species, together with the hydrological conditions of the fish-ponds, are presented. The author recommends that similar fish-ponds should be built in other northeastern regions as well as in the south, and the obtention of fry through hypophysation method (now used in Israel and Taiwan for Mugilidae), replacing the present method of simply catching youngs measuring 10 to 15 cm total length and putting them in those fish-ponds. In this way we would contribute to a high and quick production of animal protein, necessary to a great part of Brazilian population.
  • Produtividade primária, biomassa e fatores limitantes na área estuarina SW da Baía de Todos os Santos Artigos

    Paredes, Jorge Falcão; Peixinho, Vera Maria Carvalho; Brito, Ronan Rebouças Caires de

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The primary production by C14, standing crop as ratio of particulate carbon/nitrogen and biossay tests concerning to dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus were investigated in the SW estuahne mangrove area of the Bay of Todos os Santos (Brazil) during 10 months. The phytoplankton displaied in this area a mean density of 9x10(5) cells/liter. The primary productivity showed an average range of 9.52 to 10.93 mgC/m³/h, representing the rate about 45 g C/m³ /year or 181 g C/m² /year. Phytoplankton fraction under 35µ at the stations 0 and 1 was responsible for the most C14 uptake. A negative relationship between primary production and limiting nitrogen and phosphorus was verified. February samples exhibited the most drastic situation regarding to N and P, as limiting factors; an opposite situation corresponded Jo June and July. The relationship between particulated carbon and nitrogen showed a concentration area among the ranges of400/1400 mgC/m³/ and 4/28 mgN/m³, The ratios C/N revealed the most of times a short variation.
  • "Standing crop" na área estuarina SW da Baía de Todos os Santos Artigos

    Peixinho, Vera Maria Carvalho; Paredes, Jorge Falcão; Simas, Eliana Maria Palma

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The present study is intended to evaluate the potential of an estuarine area surrounded by mangrove at Todos os Santos Bay (Bahia State , Brazil), for supporting aquaculture activities. From October 1977 to July 1978 samples were collected monthly on alternate tides for determination of particulate organic carbon and total proteins The following environmental parameters were also considered: salinity. temperature, pH, transparence, dissolved oxygen, silicates, ammonia, nitrites, nitrates, phosphates and precipitation. Although the area presented low ceil density and low photossinthetic activity, high values for the standing crop were found, demonstrating the importance of detritic material for the particulate organic matter.
  • Nota preliminar sobre a composição do zooplâncton do estuário do Rio Paraíba do Norte, PB, Brasil Artigos

    Pekala, Gilberto Alves

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Plankton samples were collected from 13 stations on the estuary of the river Paraíba do Norte (06º 56' to 07º 09'Lat. S). Copepoda were the most abundant holoplanktonic organism and from the meroplankton the larvae of Cirripedia were the best represented in the interior of the estuary. Gastropoda larvae occurred in almost all the stations being always more abundant than Lamellibranchiae ones, mostly near the mouth of the channel. Decapoda larvae and eggs and larvae of fishes were also frequent. The spatial and temporal distribution of zooplankton will be studied in the future.
  • Composição e distribuição da fauna de Gammaridea na região da Enseada da Fortaleza - Ubatuba, Estado de São Paulo Artigos

    Leite, Fosca Pedini Pereira; Tararam, Airton Santo; Wakabara, Yoku

    Resumo em Inglês:

    This is a preliminary study undertaken to investigate the composition and distribution of amphipods with reference to depth, salinity and sediment at Enseada da Fortaleza (Area 1) and parts of Rio Claro and Rio Escuro (Area 2), Ubatuba, São Paulo State. Eighteen specif of gammarids occurred in the region, of which fourteen known species had been recorded previously for the Brazilian coast. Some of these species as Atylus minikoi and Corophium sp were found at the two areas, while others were recorded at only one of the areas.
  • Estudo bioquímico e fisiológico sobre os bagres marinhos do Brasil: I. Sobre padrão eletroforético do plasma em gel de poliacrilamida dos bagres da região estuarino lagunar de Cananéia Artigos

    Ngan, Phan Van

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The possibility of the use of electropherogrames of plasma proteins in polyacrylamide slab gel in the study of populations of marine cat-fishes was examined. A total of 176 samples of plasma from four species. Sciadeichtys luniscutis. Arius spixii, Genidens genidens and Netuma barbas was used. Inter-specific as well as intra-specific differences were found and the locus E of the plasma of all the four species showed a typical dialelic variation. The locus is recommended as one of alternatives which deserve due consideration in the planing of studies of populations of these species by means of biochemical methods.
  • Variacion mensual de la composicion quimica del mejillon Perna perna (L.) cultivado y las condiciones ambientales en la Bahia El Guamache, Isla de Margarita, Venezuela

    Pineda, José; Aguado, Agustin

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Monthly variations in the chemical composition of the mussel (Perna perna) cultivated and the environment factors were studied in the Guamache Bay (Margarita Island, Venezuela). The study was carried out on mussels of 65-70 mm shell lenght and on a size that was monthly increased in 5 mm from 40-45 mm to 100-105 mm. The weight of meat ranged from 8,05 to 10,87 g, the weight of shell from 8,88 to 11,00 g and weight of the intervalve water from 2,64 to 6,83 g. In both experiences the water fluctuated between 72,2 and 86,7% ashes from 2,25 to 3,58% and proteins between 9,10 and 16,05% . The influence of the meteorological conditions on temperature and salinity was analized. The percentage of oxygen saturation was always over 80%. The primary nutrients registered low values only the ammonia mean, reached 2,43 µg-at/L Chlorophyll "a" fluctuated between 0,25 and 4,50 µg/L. The results showed that the variations in the chemical composition of mussels was independent of the size and they would be caused by the environment conditions.
  • Primeiros registros dos golfinhos Stenella coeruleoalba, Stenella cfr. plagiodon e Steno bredanensis para o sul do Brasil, com notas osteológicas Artigos

    Pinedo, Maria Cristina; Castello, Hugo P.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Menella coeruieoalba is a dolphin widely distributed in temperate and tropical waters. This species is recorded for our marine fauna on the basis of a 2.35 m long specimen found at 20 km North of the East rocky jetty on the access channel into Lagoa dos Patos, RS, (MORG 064) and also from a sightning in front of Santa Catarina coast. Its vertebral formula is: C 7 + D 14 + L 21 + Ca 34 = 76, with 23 Chevron bones. The number of alveoli is 48-48 / 43-42, its presents 14 pairs of ribs, 8 of them double-headed. The skull measurements of this specimen are compared with other three from the Southern Hemisphere. Through colour slides obtained in front of Rio de Janeiro coasts, Steno bredanensis was recorded. This dolphin also presents a wide distribution similar to the previous species. During the first cruise of the R/V "Atlântico Sul" two pods of the spotted dolphin, Stenella cfr. plagiodon were sighted and photographed. This species can be easily identified on the basis of the clear brown tegument with numerous white rounded spots, in adults. One of the skull (MCNRS 026) studied may belong to this species.
  • Estudos de cetáceos no Oceano Atlântico Sul Ocidental e a falta de uma política de conservação e manejo no Brasil Artigos

    Pinedo, Maria Cristina; Castelo, Hugo P.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Studies on cetaceans at Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil can be divided in three periods. During the first one (1861-1963), studies of the Argentines Burmeister, Gallardo, Lahille and Marelli were done on dolphin and porpoise osteology, occasionally on whales, these wire followed by those of Miranda Ribeiro and Carvalho in Brazil. The second period (1969-1976) begins with the studies of the North Américan Gilmore (1969) in Patagonia. From this year on, numerous forcing expeditions came to Argentina and Uruguay, to study the right whale, Eubalaena australis behavior in Patagonia and the La Plata river dolphin. Pontoporia blainvillei biology at Punta del Diablo, Uruguay. These expeditions have contributed to a better knowledge of whales and dolphins, not only in South if not also, abroad. During thin period studies on bekzvior, bioacustics, population dynamics and bio-ecological studies ; began. Simultaneously it is observed that Latin Americm researches, specially those of Uruguay and Brazil, become interested ind doing cetological research on systematic aspects. The third period (1976- ) it is characterized by an increased effort on this field and also by a better exchange of information between the three S. W. Atlantic countries. In Brazil, during the last two years, a gret interest on the minke whale conservation problem has developed, not only at the public opinion, but also at the government level.
  • Contribución a la ecologia de Tivela mactroides, Born, 1778: aspectos reproductivos

    Prieto A, Antulio S.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Sexual maturity and other reproductive features of Tivela mactroides collected from Playa Guiria, Carúpano, Sucre State, Venezuela, were studied on the basis of smears and histological sections of gonads. There was continuous sexual cycle, but the development of the visceral mass, in females was less from January to March, 1975. A five steps maturity sexual scale was used to examine the histological sections, indicating that the dominant phase consist of a partial spawning. In total sexes and in intervals (10.1 - 30.0 mm) the ratio does not vary from the proportion 1:1, although the males outnumber the females; the number of females is significantly higher in the larger ones (30,1-45.00 mm).
  • Áreas da região lagunar Cananéia-Iguape suscetíveis de exploração pesqueira segundo diversos tipos de tecnologia: I - Pesca com cerco fixo Artigos

    Ramos, Eduardo B.; Gallo, Jaques; Verrone, Vicente M.A.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    With the purpose of obtaining data which could be useful for complementing investigations on estuarine biological oceanography, the authors carried out a survey on the distribution and volume of catch produced by fish-traps used by traditional fishermen in the lagoon region of Cananéia-Iguape (São Paulo, Brasil), mainly for catching mullet. As many as 170 fish-traps were initially spotted and mapped in the whole region, some of which are concentrated in particular areas that seem to be points of more freauent passage of mullet and other fishes, according to the experience and observations of regional fishermen. In consequence of the dam recently built on the Valo Grande - an artificial canal conich formerly linked the RibeiraRiver to the lagoon system of Cananéia-Iguape - it is expected that the sea-water circulation within the lagoon will be intensified, with a consequent increase in the salinity rates of its waters, which in turn will probably affect the ecological balance of time. The authors suggest that a continuous monitoring of the volume and composition of the commercial catch produced by the fish-traps operating in the lagoon-region could eventually offer useful data for detecting the alterations of distribution of the several different fish species that are found in the lagoon, in consequence of the foreseen changes in the salinity rates of its waters.
  • Hidrologia de un sistema de lagunas costeras del sur del Golfo de Mexico, en un periodo comprendido entre 1977/1978

    Medina, Andrés Resendez

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The coastal lagoon system of El Carmen-Machona-Redonda, located in the coastal plateau South of the Gulf of Mexico, in the State of Tabasco was studied from August 1977 to July 1978. Tempetature, chlorinity and dissolved oxygen were recorded every two months during the study period. The maximum depth of the system is 3.0 m, decreasing toward the edges and the oyster banks: the average depth is 1.0 - 1.30 m. Only a very small amount of freshwater reaches the system; the chlorinity content is additionally increased on account of the very recent opening of an artificial sea mouth. The highest average temperature (30.1ºC) was recorded in august 1977, and the lowest (25.5ºC) was recorded in december of the same year, thus showing m small annual variation. The average chlorinity value of 4.12‰ between the highest and the lowest average monthly values (19.19-15.47‰) makes it a rather homogeneous system throughout the year. Dissolved oxygen average values varied from 4,52 ml/L in February 1978, to 5.92 ml/L in July of the same year. Thus the system represent a typical, tropical marine lagunar system, with small freshwater influence.
  • Biometria de una poblacion de Homalaspis plana (Milne Edwards, 1834) en Punta Maule (Coronel, Chile)

    Retamal, Marco A.; Quintana, Rodolfo

    Resumo em Inglês:

    This work deals with the bionomy of the population of Homalaspis plana (Milne Edwards, 1834) sampled in Coronel, Chile. Homalaspis plana share his biotope with: Paraxanthus barbiger (Poeppig, 1836) and Gaudichaudia gaudichaudi (Milne Edwards, 1834). A marked sexual dimorphism is apparent, the males are larger and heavier than the females; moreover, the volumes of the chelae of the first are also larger. The percentaje of the female population was significantly larger than the males population. The spawning extends from June to December. Each class of the ovigerous females, gives a different contribution, the maxima is done by the 5,74 cm class with 29,21%. The minimum size of ovigerous females is 49,3 mm L.C
  • Ficoflora del sustrato rocoso dentro de las costas del Golfo de Mexico, Mexico

    Rodriguez, Ma. Elena Sánchez
  • Análise populacional de Anomalocardia brasiliana (Gmelin, 1791), na Praia do Saco da Ribeira, Ubatuba, Estado de São Paulo Artigos

    Schaeffer-Novelli, Y.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Monthly quantitative sampling of the beach benthic macro fauna was made from June 1972 through December 1974. Determinations of the distribution index, length |dry weight correlation and vertical distribution pattern was also made.
  • Enfoques cuantitativos para el estudio del ciclo reproductor en invertebrados y peces

    Schuldt, Miguel

    Resumo em Inglês:

    In this paper, by means of a histoecological approach, the convenience of incorporating the stereological analysis of the maturing oocitary stocks in the study of the femenine gonads sexual cycles - mainly in species producing a large number of gametes - is shown. So the numerical and volumetric characteristics of each one of the oocitary stratums are determined, which allows the characterization of the sexual maturation stages by a diversity index.
  • Culture of estuarine benthic and nectonic first trophic level feeders

    Singarajah, K.V.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The paper deals with some base trophic factors in relation to two herbivores, namely oysters and mullets, which derive their energy directly from the first trophic level of an estuarine ecosystem. The analysis of the gut contents of both organisms has shown that they feed mostly on micro-organisms, especially planktonic and benthic diatoms, and a significant percentage of detritus materials, including inorganic particles, is always present. Their dietary components are very much related to seasonal abundance of food production of the estuary. Current yields of oysters and mullets are far too low and food source is not a limiting factor for their production on large scale. Tidal flows, particularly in relation to salinity, have profound effect on culture grounds. Mortality is largely due to predation.
  • Fijacion primaria y variaciones morfologicas, durante la metamorfosis de algunos bivalvos chilenos

    Barichivith, Juan Uribe; Stefoni, Daniel López

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The larval primary settlement and the changes originated during the metamorphosis of some species of Chilean bivalves, are comparatively studied, being described, the larval and post - larval stages from the veliconcha to late plantigrade. By observing in ropes "anchovetera" nets and plankton samples, in the mitiliculture of Codihué (41º 46'S; 73º 24'W), it was verified for Mytilus chilensis Hupé, 1854 and Aulacomya ater (Molina, 1782), primary settlement on the filamentous algae of genera Enteromorpha with an average size of 33º µ high, minimum average of definitive settlement, byssus positional changes, etc. Information concerning average and number of larval and post - larval attachment to different deep and inmersión period and morphological characters of larval and post - larval of: Bankia martensi Stempell, 1898 (Teredinidae), Pholas chiloensis (Molina, 1782) (Pholadidae) y Chlamys patriae Doello Jurado, 1918 (Pectinidae), are also given.
  • Algunas consideraciones biogeograficas sobre el Pacifico Sudoriental

    Vegas-Velez, Manuel

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The improved study of the Eastern South Pacific undertaken in the last years enables us to have a better view of the marine communities' biogeography. The author, elaborating on several ideas of previous studies, proposes four subdivisions or districts in that region: 1) tropical of the Panamic-Pacific province up to 3º 30'S; 2) intermediate, from approximately 3º 30' to 7º S, where tropical and southern waters influence the presence of organisms; 3) temperate, of the Peruvian Coastal Current or Humboldt Current; and 4) tropical, in the waters off this last Current Joining the Peruvian Oceanic Current. The author, consulting extensive literature, examines the presence of molluscs and fishes, in order to select a characterization of each biogeographical district. Some of the proposals are, for instance, Littorina peruviana, Ocypode guadichaudii and Engraulis ringens for the temperate district; Littorina paytensis, Olivella broggi and Scorpaena afuerae for the intermediate one; the thunids and Exocoetus volitans for the tropical oceanic waters; and Anadara tuberculosa, Littorina varia, Pomadasys panamensis and Sciades troschelli for the tropical waters north of 3º 30'.
  • Resenha das investigações sobre o ictioplâncton do estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, Brasil Artigos

    Weiss, Graciela; Souza, J. A. Feijó de

    Resumo em Inglês:

    A short review on estuarine ichthyoplankton identification, description and growth is given. The need for qualitative, quantitative, horizontal and temporal distributions related to environmental factors, period and kind of spawning and fecundity of different species are discussed. Resulu of studies on Micropogonias fumieri, Brevoortia pectinata, Lycengraulis olidus, Achirus garmani and other suggest me necessity to sample fish larvae and juveniles at mid water, bottom and at the margin of the estuary. Further more, it would be of interest to extent and periodically survey the study area to the adjacent coastal waters, and the fresh water part of the Lagoon as well as the channels and tributaries.
  • Notas sobre um caso de mortandade de peixes, ocorrida em Itanhaém, São Paulo, Brasil Artigos

    Zavala-Camin, Luis Alberto; Yamanaka, Naoyo

    Resumo em Inglês:

    A case of fish mortality, the occurrence of 32 species of bony fishes and one species of diatomae, Asterionella japonica at Itanhaem, SP, are discussed.
  • Asociacion Latinoamericana de Investigadores en Ciencias del Mar (ALICMAR): Comision permanente de Conservación (documento preliminar). Cumana, diciembre de 1978

  • Defesa dos oceanos: algumas considerações Mesas-Redondas

    Sodré Fº, Antonio C. A.
  • Mesa-redonda sobre o ensino de oceanografia Mesas-Redondas

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