São revisadas as formas de tratamento, particularmente as ressecções cirúrgicas, a quimioembolização arterial e as injeções percutâneas de etanol e de ácido acético. Alguns aspectos relativos à dieta, com particular atenção à aflatoxina B1 e aos retinóides, são abordados quanto ao seu desempenho na etiopatogenia e no tratamento da afecção mais comumente encontrada nos países em desenvolvimento. Em relação ao tratamento, fazem-se considerações também referentes ao uso de octreotide, nitrosaminas e outras drogas. A coagulação intersticial a laser e as drogas de ação antivascular também mereceram abordagem sucinta. O problema do carcinoma hepatocelular precoce e a sua destruição é sinalizado de modo sumário. A quimioprevenção com o uso do interferon alfa recombinante considerado e o transplante de fígado encerram a revisão, antes dos comentários finais.
Recent improvements on the therapeutical management of hepatocellular carcinoma are revised with special attention to evaluate the role of surgery for the disease. Considering that definitive surgical intervention is not feasible in most cases because of extreme tumor extension, multiplicity of tumor foci, and associated advanced liver cirrhosis at the time of diagnosis, others forms of treatment are listed, such as transcatheterarterial chemoembolization, percutaneous ethanol and acetic acid injections, and chemotherapy only to a small portion of patients with no indication for standard treatments The emerging role of retinoic acid metabolism blocking agents, was examined and may offer a significant new potential treatment for cancer, inclusive the possibility of combining other anticancer drugs with exogenous retinoids or modulation of endogenous retinoids as a real opportunity to advance our ability to treat or prevent human cancer effectively. Octreotide, nitrosamine and other drugs are analyzed and is concluded that improves survival and is a valuable alternative in the treatment of inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma. The potential role of intersticial laser coagulation for patients with irresectable hepatic tumors was investigated, and in terms of experience, it has now been developed sufficiently to study its effect on these patients survival. The homeostatic control of angiogenesis and its influences on the tumor growth and for migration of metastatic cells, was focused in this concise review, given that hepatocytes are the source of much of the precursor pool, regulation of angiogenesis may be regarded as a new liver function with important consequences for tissue repair and cancer. Early hepatocellular carcinoma and its recognition in routine clinical pratice contributes to improved patients survival. Recombinant-Interferon-alpha therapy surely prevents, the development of cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma in about one-third of patients, with chronic hepatitis C, with sustained response. Finally, in individuals with life-threatening liver disease, such as those with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, the liver transplantation, must be considered, besides controversial, however, with increasing experience the results of the procedure in these patients have improved, and may offer a better long-term survival than liver resection.
