Abstract The impact phenomenon is one of many subjects that is interesting and has become an inseparable part of naval architecture and ocean engineering fields. Limitless possibilities in cause and scenario make the demand to understand the physical behavior of ship structures due to impact phenomenon is increasing. In present work, a series of virtual experiment is performed by finite element method to solve several defined collision scenarios. Two involved ships are classified as the striking ship which penetrates the target and struck ship as the target. Hull arrangement of the struck ship is considered as main parameter which single and double hull configurations are proposed to be assessed. An observation of the damage extent on struck ship subjected to collision loads are presented. The results indicate that the internal arrangement of the struck ship provides significant effects to resistance capability and structural failure after collision process. Finally, an analysis regarding the extent of the damage is summarized with a statistical calculation to provide distribution of crashworthiness criteria of the defined scenarios.

Abstract A series of analyses are carried out to predict the structural crashworthiness of a ship during a collision. The numerical configuration is verified by structural simulations based on a laboratory experiment wherein a penetration test is considered as the experimental reference. Comparative observations of structural behaviour are carefully conducted to ensure the reliability of the present method for conducting large-scale collisions. At this stage, the proper procedure and configuration for structural calculations subject to accidental loads are determined. The second stage addresses the calculations for various side collision scenarios. The simulations consider a double hull Ro-Ro passenger ship being struck at various locations, and the overall behaviour of the side hull along the longitudinal axis is observed. The main study considers the target location and striking speed to obtain adequate data related to crashworthiness criteria, i.e. the internal energy and extent of damage. Finally, the criteria of various scenarios are summarized. Further calculations comparing the results with a safety factor are presented together with a consideration of structural behaviour to estimate the safety limit within the confines of strait territory.

Abstract Possibility of a water-transportation mode to experience numerous accidental loads is predicted limitless and always demand sustainable analysis. Impact phenomenon raises as main reason of environmental damage, for instance, grounding contributes in form of short-time impact and produces massive damage on the bottom structure of a marine vessels, e.g. ship. In this work, a series of numerical experiment is conducted with considering contribution of several parameters, namely impact location and seabed topology on the bottom structure of a tanker ship. The initial stage is conducted to obtain validation of the numerical method and configuration using impact test to ensure reliability of the present methodology which considers the finite element approach. In the second stage, proposed scenarios are calculated and overall evaluation of the damage extent is performed to observe resistance and behaviour of the bottom structure. Structural condition after grounding, rupture energy and crushing force are presented to observe history of grounding process. Contribution of the numerical parameter in form of meshing size is presented to provide adequate consideration in both of physical and numerical parameters. Finally, tendency of the target structure is summarized to provide prediction of further behaviour during the bottom structure experiences grounding with various scenarios. An alternative solution in respecting time cost is proposed and can be considered for other impact simulation and analysis.

Abstract With the opening of the Northern Sea for international shipping routes, various vessels prefer to use this option to reach Europe as distance is significantly reduced if a ship is sailing through this route. In the same time, the demand to ensure ship safety rises as impact phenomenon between ship structures and ice causes numerous casualties. This work presented a numerical study with a concentration on contact between ship structures and levels. The double side skin of a chemical tanker was modelled with a shell element while a deformable characteristic was implemented on the ice as an indenter. Several target areas on the side structure were set as impact points based on its stiffener component. Different models of indenter were taken into account in order to observe structural responses and influences of external parameters, namely ice topology, while the described location parameters were taken as the ship's internal parameters. Impact force was presented with total energy, as well as the ratio between kinetic and internal energy. The deformation pattern was used as a verification of the collision process and its subsequent results. Finally, the behavior of the inner walls subjected to type indenters was observed as this component is the final component that maintains liquid cargo and resists an impact load.