Pesquisa | SciELO

ABSTRACT Sweet potato is among the most important food crops in the world. Due to its high genetic diversity, this species has cultivars that can respond in different ways depending on mineral fertilization. Among the nutrients, phosphorus is related to physiological and biochemical processes that can influence the final quality of the product. This study aimed to assess the influence of P doses on the quality and bioactive compounds of sweet potato cultivars - Paraná, BRS Amélia, and BRS Cuia. The pH, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, soluble sugars, and the bioactive compounds - flavonoids, anthocyanins, and carotenoids - were evaluated. The P doses influenced sweet potato cultivars. The dose of 120 kg ha-1 promoted increments in the parameters pH, SS, TA, and SS/TA ratio for the cultivar BRS Cuia. The same dose promoted an increase in total soluble sugars for the cultivar BRS Amélia. P dose of 240 kg ha-1 promoted higher levels of flavonoids and anthocyanins in the cultivar Paraná, and there was an increase in carotenoid content at the dose of 60 kg ha-1.

RESUMO A batata-doce está entre as culturas alimentícias mais importantes do mundo. Por apresentar alta diversidade genética, essa espécie possui cultivares que podem responder de maneiras diferentes em função da adubação mineral. Dentre os nutrientes, o fósforo está relacionado com processos fisiológicos e bioquímicos que podem influenciar na qualidade final do produto. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência de doses de P na qualidade e compostos bioativos de cultivares de batata-doce - Paraná, BRS Amélia e BRS Cuia. Foram avaliados o pH, sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulável (AT), relação SS/AT, açúcares solúveis e os compostos bioativos - flavonoides, antocianinas e carotenoides. As doses de P influenciaram as cultivares de batata-doce. A dose de 120 kg ha-1 promoveu incrementos nos parâmetros pH, SS, AT e relação SS/AT para a cultivar BRS Cuia. A mesma dose promoveu incrementos nos açúcares solúveis totais para a cultivar BRS Amélia. A dose de 240 kg ha-1 promoveu maiores teores de flavonoides e antocianinas na cultivar Paraná, e houve aumento no teor de carotenoides na dose de 60 kg ha-1.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v28n1e274451

Abiotic factors and photosynthetically active photon density affect the physiological mechanisms of jaboticaba
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Coêlho, Ester dos S.

; Ribeiro, João E. da S.

; Silva, Elania F. da

; Silva, Toshik I. da

; Oliveira, Pablo H. de A.

; Dias, Thiago J.

; Barros Júnior, Aurélio P.

; Silva, Daniel V.

; Rodriguez, Ronald M.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Mai 2023, Volume 27 Nº 5 Páginas 317 - 326

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT In fruit species, the amount of solar energy absorbed can influence fruit quality; hence, ensuring optimal light distribution management in the canopy of plants is essential. Therefore, the objectives of this study were (i) to analyze the variations in gas exchange through the day and (ii) identify the photosynthetically active photon flux density (PPFD) that promotes higher chlorophyll fluorescence and electron transport rate in jaboticaba seedlings. The experimental design was completely randomized, with treatments consisting of 18 photosynthetic photon flux densities and three evaluations throughout the day. Six replicates were used, with two plants per plot. Gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence in P. peruviana were altered due to fluctuating photosynthetic photon flux density (0; 25; 50; 75; 100; 125; 150; 175; 200; 400; 600; 800; 1,000; 1,200; 1,400; 1,600; 1,800; and 2,000 μmol m-2 s-1) and environmental conditions throughout the day (8:00 a.m., 12:00 and 4:00 p.m.). The higher PPFD (1,384.6 μmol m-2 s-1) and air temperature (39.74 °C) at noon (12:00 p.m.) favored gas exchange in this species. An increase in PPFD of up to 1,000 μmol m-2 s-1 positively influenced the gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence of P. peruviana.

RESUMO Em espécies fruteiras, é essencial considerar o gerenciamento da distribuição da luz nas copas das plantas, pois a quantidade de energia solar absorvida pode influenciar na qualidade dos frutos. Diante disso, os objetivos deste estudo foram: (i) analisar as variações das trocas gasosas ao longo do dia; (ii) identificar a densidade de fluxo de fótons fotossinteticamente ativos (PPFD) que promove maior fluorescência da clorofila e maior taxa de transporte de elétrons em mudas de jaboticaba. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, sendo os tratamentos compostos por 18 densidades de fluxo de fótons fotossinteticamente ativos (0; 25; 50; 75; 100; 125; 150; 175; 200; 400; 600; 800; 1.000; 1.200; 1.400; 1.600; 1.800 e 2.000 μmol m-2 s-1) e três horários de avaliação ao longo do dia (08:00, 12:00 e 16:00 h). Foram utilizadas seis repetições, considerando duas plantas por parcela útil. Trocas gasosas e fluorescência da clorofila a de P. peruviana foram alterados em virtude da PPFD e das condições ambientais ao longo do dia. A alta PPFD (1.384,6 μmol m-2 s-1) e temperatura do ar (39,74 °C) no horário de 12 horas favoreceu as trocas gasosas dessa espécie. O aumento da PPFD até 1.000 µmol m-2 s-1 influenciou positivamente as trocas gasosas e fluorescência da clorofila a de P. peruviana.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n5p317-326

Factors associated with incomplete vaccination and negative antibody test results for measles, mumps, and hepatitis A among children followed in the MINA-BRAZIL cohort
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Ferreira, Midiã Silva

; Cardoso, Marly Augusto

; Mazzucchetti, Lalucha

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

; Avelino-Silva, Vivian Iida

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2023, Volume 65 elocation e16

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Vaccination coverage has been dropping in Brazil and other countries. In addition, immune responses after vaccination may not be homogeneous, varying according to sociodemographic and clinical factors. Understanding the determinants of incomplete vaccination and negative antibody test results may contribute to the development of strategies to improve vaccination effectiveness. In this study, we aimed to investigate the frequency of vaccine adherence, factors associated with incomplete vaccination for measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) and hepatitis A, and factors associated with the seronegative test results for measles, mumps and hepatitis A at 2 years of age. This was a population-based cohort that addressed health conditions and mother/infant nutrition in Cruzeiro do Sul city, Brazil. Vaccination data were obtained from official certificates of immunization. The children underwent blood collection at the two-year-old follow-up visit; the samples were analyzed using commercially available kits to measure seropositivity for measles, mumps, and hepatitis A. We used modified Poisson regression models adjusted for covariates to identify factors associated with incomplete vaccination and negative serology after vaccination. Out of the 825 children included in the study, adherence to the vaccine was 90.6% for MMR, 76.7% for the MMRV (MMR + varicella), and 74.9% for the hepatitis A vaccine. For MMR, after the adjustment for covariates, factors associated with incomplete vaccination included: white-skinned mother; paid maternity leave; raising more than one child; lower number of antenatal consultations; and attending childcare. For hepatitis A, the factors included: white-skinned mother and not having a cohabiting partner. The factors with statistically significant association with a negative antibody test result included: receiving Bolsa Familia allowance for measles and mumps; incomplete vaccination for measles; and vitamin A deficiency for mumps. Strategies to improve the efficiency of vaccine programs are urgently needed. These include improvements in communication about vaccine safety and efficacy, and amplification of access to primary care facilities, prioritizing children exposed to the sociodemographic factors identified in this study. Additionally, sociodemographic factors and vitamin A deficiency may impact the immune responses to vaccines, leading to an increased risk of potentially severe and preventable diseases.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202365016

Antennal sensilla of two species of Gymnetis MacLeay, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae)
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Silva, Rayanne S.

; Amaral, Ester A.

; Fuhrmann, Juares

; Rodrigues, Sérgio R.

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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2023, Volume 67 Nº 1 elocation e20220077

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The present study describes the morphology of the antennal sensilla of adults of Gymnetis holosericea (Voet, 1779) and Gymnetis rufilateris (Illiger, 1800). The adults of Gymnetis spp. were sexed and antenna of males and females were dissected. Both species have sensilla chaetica, trichodea, placodea (type I and II), coeloconica (type I and II), and ampullacea (or pore). Females of G. holosericea have a total of about 19,995 sensilla and males have about 23,273 sensilla, and females of G. rufilateris have about 16,633 sensilla and males have about 21,184 sensilla. Sensilla placodea are the predominant type of sensilla in males and females of G. holosericea and G. rufilateris.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2022-0077

Influence of Neuropeptide Y and Neuropeptide Y 2 Receptor Variants in Acute Coronary Syndrome
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Soares, Fábia C. S.

; Araújo, Romário M.

; Werkhauser, Roberto P.

; Diniz, George T.

; Bhaskar, Lakkakula V.K.S

; Carvalho, Viviane D. C. V.

; Tashiro, Tetsuo

; Amorim, Ester A. S.

; Silva, Lilian C. A.

; Montenegro, Sergio Tavares

; Neco, Heytor V. P. C.

; Moraes, Clarice N. L.

; Martins, Danyelly B. G.

; Montenegro, Silvia M. L.

International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences

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Ago 2022, Volume 35 Nº 4 Páginas 444 - 456

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background The neuropeptide Y (NPY) is one of the most abundant neurotransmitters in the nervous system. NPY acts as a potent stimulator of angiogenesis, inflammation, and adipogenesis, through the NPY 2 receptor (NPY2R). Changes in the NPY signaling pathway have been linked to Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). Objectives The purpose of this study is to determine the association between variants in the NPY and NPY2R genes, as well as the severity of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods Approximately 221 ACS patients and 278 healthy controls were selected for this study. Four variants in NPY and two variants in NPY2R genes were genotyped using Taqman allelic discrimination and sequencing. The Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to verify the genotype frequencies. The logistic regression analyses were used for the evaluation of the studied variables. Haplotype analysis was used to evaluate the linkage disequilibrium (LD) between the variants (p<0.05). Results An association of NPY c.20T>C variant was found with the ACS group when compared to the healthy group. In the analysis between variants and risk factors in the ACS group, NPY c.84G>A was associated with hypertension. The analysis between TIMI risk showed a significance for NPY c.20T>C between the low and intermediate/high TIMI risk groups. In the haplotype analysis, strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) was found between the variants NPY c.150G>A and NPY c.-485T>C. Conclusion The NPY c.20T>C variant appears to contribute to the development of ACS. The NPY2R c.-1116A>G variant may contribute to the early development of ACS and the NPY c.84G>A variant appears to contribute to the development of hypertension. In addition, the NPY c.20T>C is associated with a protective effect in ACS severity.

https://doi.org/10.36660/ijcs.20210053

Synthesis and Anti-Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV) Activity of Novel 1,4-Naphthoquinone Sulfonamide and Sulfonate Ester Derivatives
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Pacheco, Paulo A. F.

; Gonzaga, Daniel T.

; Cirne-Santos, Cláudio C.

; Barros, Caroline S.

; Gomes, Max W. L.

; Gomes, Rafaela S. P.

; Gonçalves, Mariana C.

; Ferreira, Vitor F.

; Rabelo, Vitor W.

; Abreu, Paula A.

; Faria, Robson X.

; Resende, Gabriel O. de

; Rocha, David R. da

; Paixão, Izabel C. N. P.

; Silva, Fernando C. da

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jun 2022, Volume 33 Nº 6 Páginas 556 - 569

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging disease caused by an alphavirus of the Togaviridae family. Since its first description in 1952, the disease has spread worldwide, affecting populations in both tropical and temperate countries. To date, there is no licensed vaccine or specific pharmacological treatment. Therefore, there is an increasing urgency in developing new antiviral drugs capable of specifically inhibiting viral replication. In the present work, we report the synthesis and antiviral activity evaluation of nineteen naphthoquinone derivatives, containing a sulfonamide or sulfonate group. Cell viability assays indicated a low toxic potential for all tested compounds and inhibitory assays against CHIKV identified five compounds with potent activity. The compounds were also evaluated for their virucidal potential, and the results demonstrated that compound 11a exhibited a virucidal effect higher than 70% in the treatment with 20 µM. Furthermore, in silico studies were performed to predict the antiviral drug targets.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220010

Destruction of Schistosoma mansoni sporocysts in Biomphalaria glabrata after phytochemical exposure
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FRIANI, GABRIELA

; COSTA, VALDIR A.

; MOTA, ESTER

; FARO, MARTA JÚLIA

; SOUZA, SAMALY

; FIGUEIREDO, MARCELA

; GÔLO, PATRÍCIA S.

; MELLO-SILVA, CLÉLIA CHRISTINA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Nº 2 elocation e20190676

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease and affects over 200 million people worldwide. The snail Biomphalaria glabrata is one of the intermediate hosts of S. mansoni. The aim of this work was to verify the action of Euphorbia milii var. hislopii latex in the hemocytes profile and histopathology of B. glabrata infected by S. mansoni. Uninfected and infected snails were exposed to sublethal concentration of E. milii latex for 24 hours (1.0 mg/L). The survival rate was 88.5% for the uninfected snails and 66.6% for the infected and exposed snails. In the snails infected by S. mansoni, the exposure to E. milii latex promoted proliferation of hemocytes in the tentacles, mantle, digestive gland and kidney. In the digestive gland and the kidney, granulomatous reactions occurred around the sporocysts and caused their destruction. The number of circulating hemocytes from the group infected and exposed to E. milii latex was significantly higher than in the other groups. Three types of hemocytes were found: hyalinocytes, granulocytes and blast-like cells. We conclude that the E. milii latex influenced the cellular immune response of the susceptible B. glabrata strain to infection by S. mansoni, promoting the destruction of parasites.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220200620

Differences in children and adolescents with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a cohort study in a Brazilian tertiary referral hospital
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Marques, Heloisa Helena de Sousa

; Pereira, Maria Fernanda Badue

; Santos, Angélica Carreira dos

; Fink, Thais Toledo

; Paula, Camila Sanson Yoshino de

; Litvinov, Nadia

; Schvartsman, Claudio

; Delgado, Artur Figueiredo

; Gibelli, Maria Augusta Bento Cicaroni

; Carvalho, Werther Brunow de

; Odone Filho, Vicente

; Tannuri, Uenis

; Carneiro-Sampaio, Magda

; Grisi, Sandra

; Duarte, Alberto José da Silva

; Antonangelo, Leila

; Francisco, Rossana Pucineli Vieira

; Okay, Thelma Suely

; Batisttella, Linamara Rizzo

; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de

; Brentani, Alexandra Valéria Maria

; Silva, Clovis Artur

; Eisencraft, Adriana Pasmanik

; Rossi Junior, Alfio

; Fante, Alice Lima

; Cora, Aline Pivetta

; Reis, Amelia Gorete A. de Costa

; Ferrer, Ana Paula Scoleze

; Andrade, Anarella Penha Meirelles de

; Watanabe, Andreia

; Gonçalves, Angelina Maria Freire

; Waetge, Aurora Rosaria Pagliara

; Silva, Camila Altenfelder

; Ceneviva, Carina

; Lazari, Carolina dos Santos

; Abellan, Deipara Monteiro

; Santos, Emilly Henrique dos

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

; Bianchini, Fabíola Roberta Marim

; Alcantara, Flávio Ferraz de Paes

; Ramos, Gabriel Frizzo

; Leal, Gabriela Nunes

; Rodriguez, Isadora Souza

; Pinho, João Renato Rebello

; Carneiro, Jorge David Avaizoglou

; Paz, Jose Albino

; Ferreira, Juliana Carvalho

; Ferranti, Juliana Ferreira

; Ferreira, Juliana de Oliveira Achili

; Framil, Juliana Valéria de Souza

; Silva, Katia Regina da

; Kanunfre, Kelly Aparecida

; Bastos, Karina Lucio de Medeiros

; Galleti, Karine Vusberg

; Cristofani, Lilian Maria

; Suzuki, Lisa

; Campos, Lucia Maria Arruda

; Perondi, Maria Beatriz de Moliterno

; Diniz, Maria de Fatima Rodrigues

; Fonseca, Maria Fernanda Mota

; Cordon, Mariana Nutti de Almeida

; Pissolato, Mariana

; Peres, Marina Silva

; Garanito, Marlene Pereira

; Imamura, Marta

; Dorna, Mayra de Barros

; Luglio, Michele

; Rocha, Mussya Cisotto

; Aikawa, Nadia Emi

; Degaspare, Natalia Viu

; Sakita, Neusa Keico

; Udsen, Nicole Lee

; Scudeller, Paula Gobi

; Gaiolla, Paula Vieira de Vincenzi

; Severini, Rafael da Silva Giannasi

; Rodrigues, Regina Maria

; Toma, Ricardo Katsuya

; Paula, Ricardo Iunis Citrangulo de

; Palmeira, Patricia

; Forsait, Silvana

; Farhat, Sylvia Costa Lima

; Sakano, Tânia Miyuki Shimoda

; Koch, Vera Hermina Kalika

; Cobello Junior, Vilson

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3488

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: To compare demographic/clinical/laboratory/treatments and outcomes among children and adolescents with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study that included patients diagnosed with pediatric COVID-19 (aged <18 years) between April 11, 2020 and April 22, 2021. During this period, 102/5,951 (1.7%) of all admissions occurred in neonates, children, and adolescents. Furthermore, 3,962 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) detection samples were processed in patients aged <18 years, and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 occurred in 155 (4%) inpatients and outpatients. Six/155 pediatric patients were excluded from the study. Therefore, the final group included 149 children and adolescents (n=97 inpatients and 52 outpatients) with positive SARS-CoV-2 results. RESULTS: The frequencies of sore throat, anosmia, dysgeusia, headache, myalgia, nausea, lymphopenia, pre-existing chronic conditions, immunosuppressive conditions, and autoimmune diseases were significantly reduced in children and adolescents (p<0.05). Likewise, the frequencies of enoxaparin use (p=0.037), current immunosuppressant use (p=0.008), vasoactive agents (p=0.045), arterial hypotension (p<0.001), and shock (p=0.024) were significantly lower in children than in adolescents. Logistic regression analysis showed that adolescents with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 had increased odds ratios (ORs) for sore throat (OR 13.054; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.750-61.977; p=0.001), nausea (OR 8.875; 95% CI 1.660-47.446; p=0.011), and lymphopenia (OR 3.575; 95% CI 1.355-9.430; p=0.010), but also had less hospitalizations (OR 0.355; 95% CI 0.138-0.916; p=0.032). The additional logistic regression analysis on patients with preexisting chronic conditions (n=108) showed that death as an outcome was significantly associated with pediatric severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) (OR 22.300; 95% CI 2.341-212.421; p=0.007) and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) (OR 11.261; 95% CI 1.189-106. 581; p=0.035). CONCLUSIONS: Half of the laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases occurred in adolescents. Individuals belonging to this age group had an acute systemic involvement of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pediatric SARS and MIS-C were the most important factors associated with the mortality rate in pediatric chronic conditions with COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3488

Study of the Effect of Solvent on the Conductivity of Langmuir-Schaefer Films of Poly(Fullerene)s
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Roncaselli, Lucas K. M.

; Silva, Edilene A.

; Ramanitra, Hasina H.

; Stephen, Meera

; Simõis, André V. S.

; Bégué, Didier

; Agostini, Deuber Lincon Silva

; Hiorns, Roger C.

; Olivati, Clarissa A.

Materials Research

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2021, Volume 24 elocation e20210028

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The present work aims to prepare and characterize very thin films of poly(fullerene)s in order to investigate their electrical properties and the influence of xylene and chloroform solvents on these materials. The fullerenes studied were phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), oligo{(phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester)-alt-[1,4-bis(bromomethyl)-2,5-bis(octyloxy)benzene]} (OPCBMMB) and poly{[bispyrrolidino(phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester)]-alt-[2,5-bis(octyloxy) benzene]} (PPCBMB), along with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT). The Langmuir-Schaeffer technique was used to prepare films, which were deposited on interdigitated gold substrates, and electrically characterized, with emphasis on the study of transport, conductivity and mobility mechanisms with respect to the solvents used. We found that the addition of P3HT significantly increased the conductivity of these materials. The xylene cast PPCBM, in both pure and mixed forms under dark conditions, presented the best conductivity results with respect to the other materials. However, when chloroform was used, it was found that OPCBMMB in both pure and mixed forms under light, exhibited the best conductivities. This is the first treatment, to our knowledge, of the impact of solvents on the electronic properties of poly(fullerene)s.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2021-0028 102 downloads

10.

Performance of Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) rearing on fruits of two guava varieties under forced infestation
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Raga, Adalton

; Sousa, Ester Marques de

; Louzeiro, Léo Rodrigo Ferreira

; Silva, Sara Braga e

; Sanches, Juliana

Revista chilena de entomología

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Dez 2020, Volume 46 Nº 4 Páginas 601 - 611

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) is dominant in the main guava’s crops. Guavas are an important host of A. fraterculus for providing a good performance for the immature and high reproductive capacity. We evaluated the performance of A. fraterculus in two guava varieties related to the fruit physicochemical composition under laboratory conditions. Mature-green guavas of "Tailandesa" (red pulp) and "Kumagai" (white pulp) varieties were exposed to forced infestation by A. fraterculus in laboratory. An additional sample of each variety was submitted to physicochemical analysis. Similar quantities of pupae per fruit (128.5 - 156.0) and pupal viability (85.9% and 87.5%) were obtained per variety, but "Kumagai" produced significantly more pupae of A. fraterculus per fruit mass (1000.6 pupae/kg). Pupal weight was higher in "Tailandesa" (115.3 mg/10 pupae) than "Kumagai" (82.6 mg/10 pupae). Significant positive correlations were obtained between pupae per fruit or kg versus adults per kg for both varieties. A positive correlation was observed between pupae per fruit and pupae per kg of "Kumagai" guavas. Peel and pulp firmness were inversely correlated with pupae per fruit and pupae per kg. Weight of 10 pupae of A. fraterculus was correlated with fruit weight of "Tailandesa" guavas. The multivariate analysis PCA showed a relationship between pupae per kg and peel firmness, pulp firmness, Ratio, soluble solids, and titratable acidity in "Kumagai" guava. This explains the higher infestation index pupae per kg and better reproductive performance of A. fraterculus in "Kumagai" guava.

Resumen: Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) es dominante en los principales cultivos de guayaba. Las guayabas son un hospedador importante de A. fraterculus por brindar un buen desempeño a los inmaduros y con alta capacidad reproductiva. Evaluamos el comportamiento de A. fraterculus en dos variedades de guayaba relacionados con la composición fisicoquímica del fruto en condiciones de laboratorio. Las guayabas maduras de color verde de los cultivares "Tailandesa" (pulpa roja) y "Kumagai" (pulpa blanca) fueron expuestas a la infestación forzada por A. fraterculus en el laboratorio. Una muestra adicional de cada variedad se sometió a análisis fisicoquímico. Se obtuvieron cantidades similares de pupas por fruto (128,5 - 156,0) y viabilidad de pupas (85,9% y 87,5%) por cultivar, pero "Kumagai" produjo significativamente más pupas de A. fraterculus por masa de fruto (1000,6 pupas / kg). El peso de las pupas fue mayor en "Tailandesa" (115,3 mg / 10 pupas) que en "Kumagai" (82,6 mg / 10 pupas). Se obtuvieron correlaciones positivas significativas entre pupas por fruto o kg versus adultos por kg para ambos cultivares. Se observo una correlación positiva entre pupas por fruto y pupas por kg de guayabas "Kumagai". La firmeza de la cascara y la pulpa se correlacionó inversamente con las pupas por fruto y las pupas por kg. El peso de 10 pupas de A. fraterculus se correlacionó con el peso del fruto de las guayabas "Tailandesa". El análisis multivariado PCA mostró una relación entre pupas por kg y firmeza de la cascara, firmeza de la pulpa, relación sólidos solubles y acidez titulable en la guayaba "Kumagai". Esto explica el mayor índice de infestación de pupas por kg y el mejor desempeño reproductivo de A. fraterculus en la guayaba 'Kumagai'.

https://doi.org/10.35249/rche.46.4.20.06 70 downloads

11.

Crystal Structure and 1H NMR Experimental and Theoretical Study of Conformers of 5-Methyl-1-(4’-methylphenylsulfonylamino)-1H-[1,2,3]-triazole-4-carboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester and 5-Methyl-1-(phenylsulfonylamino)-1H-[1,2,3]-triazole-4-carboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester
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Freitas, Maria C. R.

; Campos, Vinicius R.

; Resende, Jackson A. L. C.

; Silva, Marcos M. P. da

; Ferreira, Vitor F.

; Cunha, Anna Claudia

; Carneiro, José W. M.

; Lage, Mateus R.

; Souza, Leonardo A. de

; Silva, Haroldo C.

; Almeida, Wagner B. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Mai 2020, Volume 31 Nº 5 Páginas 867 - 885

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

We reported experimental and theoretical investigation of conformers of 1,2,3-triazole derivatives, substances of exclusively synthetic origin, subject of extensive studies, because of several biological properties, such as antiviral, antimicrobial and antileishmaniasis. We reported molecular/supramolecular X-ray structures of antiophidian compounds I and II. For I and II there are two crystallographic different molecules in the unit cell (A and B). To explore the causes of the similarities in the compound’s crystal structures, intermolecular interactions were explored using the Hirshfeld surface as the fingerprint plots. In addition, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out at the ωB97x-D/6-31G(d,p)-PCM-CHCl3 level aiming to contribute to the interpretation of the experimental data and complement the experimental findings. Two structures named 2A and 5B were found in good agreement with the respective X-ray solid state ones (A and B). Theoretical 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra calculated for 5B rotated structure (torsion angles deviation around 40° to 90°) was in fine agreement with experimental results (in CDCl3) indicating that the solution molecular structure is considerably different from optimized equilibrium geometries and solid-state structure. Therefore, care is needed when using X-ray structures or DFT geometries to model interaction of drugs with biological targets since significant conformational changes may take place in solution.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190249 267 downloads

12.

Zn2Al Layered Double Hydroxides Intercalated with Nitrate and p-Aminobenzoate as Ultraviolet Protective Agents in Low-Density Polyethylene Nanocomposites and Natural Insulating Oils
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Gómez, Neffer A. G.

; Silva, Gabriel M.

; Wilhelm, Helena M.

; Wypych, Fernando

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Mai 2020, Volume 31 Nº 5 Páginas 971 - 981

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Zn2Al-Cl and Zn2Al-NO3 layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were synthesized through the fixed pH co-precipitation method and used as precursor materials for the intercalation of p-aminobenzoate through anion exchange reactions. Since chloride in Zn2Al-Cl was only partially exchanged with p-aminobenzoate, the phases Zn2Al-NO3 and Zn2Al-N -AB (nitrate exchanged with p-aminobenzoate) were used in different percentages as functional fillers to produce nanocomposites of low-density polyethylene doped with maleic anhydride (LDPE). Analysis of thermal properties showed that the melting and recrystallization temperatures were slightly increased in the nanocomposite containing 5 wt.% Zn2Al-N-AB. Weathering tests performed with neat LDPE and the nanocomposite films showed that the addition of the LDHs improved ultraviolet (UV) absorption and reduced the LDPE degradation by 25 and 76% when using Zn2Al-NO3 and Zn2Al-N-AB, respectively, as fillers, showing a promising UV-shielding effect. Preliminary results also showed a potential application of Zn2Al-N-AB as antioxidant in natural insulating oils (natural ester FR3 and castor oil), opening new opportunity of applications.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190262 353 downloads

13.

Diffuse system simulating wheat productivity by nitrogen and temperature in the use of biopolymers
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Mamann, Ângela T. W. De

; Silva, José A. G. da

; Scremin, Osmar B.

; Trautmann, Ana P. B.

; Argenta, Cláudia V.

; Matter, Ester M.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Mai 2020, Volume 24 Nº 5 Páginas 289 - 297

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A lógica fuzzy pode simular a produtividade do trigo pelo nitrogênio e não linearidade da temperatura, validando o uso do biopolímero hidrogel. O objetivo com o estudo é adequar o modelo de lógica fuzzy à simulação da produtividade de biomassa e grãos de trigo pelo nitrogênio e não linearidade da temperatura máxima do ar, nas condições de uso do biopolímero hidrogel, em sistemas de alta e reduzida liberação de N-residual. O estudo foi conduzido nos anos de 2014 e 2015, em Augusto Pestana, RS, Brasil (28° 26’ 30’’ latitude S e 54° 0’ 58’’ longitude W).O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições em fatorial 5 x 5, para doses de hidrogel (0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 kg ha-1), adicionado no sulco junto à semente, e doses de N-fertilizante (0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 kg ha-1), aplicado em cobertura no estádio fenológico V3(de terceira folha expandida), respectivamente. As funções de pertinências junto aos valores quantitativos e linguísticos para as variáveis de entrada e de saída, se mostram adequados para o uso da lógica fuzzy na simulação da produtividade do trigo. O modelo fuzzy possibilitou estimar os valores de produtividade de biomassa e grãos de trigo pelo nitrogênio e não linearidade da temperatura máxima do ar, nas condições de uso do biopolímero hidrogel em sistemas de alta e reduzida liberação de N-residual.

ABSTRACT Fuzzy logic can simulate wheat yield by nitrogen and temperature nonlinearity, validating the use of hydrogel biopolymer. The objective of this study is to adapt the fuzzy logic model to the simulation of nitrogen biomass and wheat grain yield and non-linearity of the maximum air temperature, under the conditions of use of the hydrogel biopolymer, in high and low N-residual release systems. The study was conducted in 2014 and 2015, in Augusto Pestana, RS, Brazil (28 ° 26 ‘30’ latitude S and 54 ° 0 ‘58’ longitude W). The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replications in 5 x 5 factorial, for hydrogel doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1), added in the furrow next to the seed, and N-fertilizer doses. (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1), applied at the phenological stage V3 (third expanded leaf) as top-dressing, respectively. The pertinence functions together with the quantitative and linguistic values for the input and output variables are suitable for the use of fuzzy logic in the wheat yield simulation. The fuzzy model made it possible to estimate the values of biomass and wheat grain yield by nitrogen and non-linearity of the maximum air temperature under the conditions of use of the hydrogel biopolymer in high and low N-residual release systems.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n5p289-297 671 downloads

14.

Influence of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Composition, Acid Value, and Water Content on Metallic Copper Corrosion Caused by Biodiesel
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Rocha Jr., José G.

; Santos, Marcelle D. R. dos

; Madeira, Fernanda B.

; Rocha, Sheisi F. L. S.

; Bauerfeldt, Glauco F.

; Silva, Willian L. G. da

; Salomão, Acácia A.

; Tubino, Matthieu

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Ago 2019, Volume 30 Nº 8 Páginas 1751 - 1761

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Oxidative stability parameters (OSP), acid value (AV), water content (W), and the metallic copper corrosion rate in biodiesels obtained from eight different vegetable oils were determined. Simple and multiple linear regression models were constructed to explain the influence of the OSP, AV and W variables on the corrosion rate. The corrosion rate was lower in biodiesel with less oxidative stability because, instead of reacting with copper, O2 reacted preferentially with the unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) that could act as “sacrificial molecules” to protect the copper against corrosion. Therefore, the corrosion rate was strongly related to the FAME composition. The AV was an important parameter in the corrosion process because free acids react with passivating agents, increasing the corrosion rate. The predictive capacity of W for corrosion rate was statistically insignificant, although water condensed on a copper surface causes corrosion.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190078 1223 downloads

15.

COMPARISON BETWEEN EXPERIMENTAL AND SIMULATED RESULTS OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION BY REACTIVE DISTILLATION AND ENERGETIC ASSESSMENT
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Silva, Ronaldy J. M. C. L.

; Tschoeke, Isabelle C. P.

; Melo, James C.

; Silva, Josivan P.

; Pacheco, Jose G. A.

; Silva, José M. F.

; Souza, Thibério P. C.

Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering

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Mar 2019, Volume 36 Nº 1 Páginas 351 - 359

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Biodiesel appears to be a likely substitute to conventional diesel. However, the main challenge has been the creation of a competitive advantage for the biodiesel production process in terms of innovation and efficiency. The reactive distillation technique for biodiesel production is possibly a key force to overcome this technological issue because it combines chemical reaction and the separation process inside the same unit. This work presents kinetic data for biodiesel production via the ethylic route and compare them with the methylic one. It also compares experimental results in a 1.5m reactive distillation pilot plant with simulated ones in ASPEN PLUS for ethylic biodiesel production with a molar ratio 6/1 (alcohol/oil). Kinetic parameters obtained for the ethylic study were ko = 8173dm3/(mol.min) and Ea =27.48 kJ/mol. Indeed, at the bottom of a six stage column overall the ethylic and methylic biodiesel accounted for 60.1% and 67.8%, respectively. Following this, a sensitivity analysis considering 20 stages of equilibrium showed an ester conversion above 97%. The total energy required to produce biodiesel via a conventional batch reactor was 1210W/h for the ethylic route and 2430 W/h for methylic one, while it amounted to approximately 1000W/h for both routes in the reactive distillation process.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-6632.20190361s20170266 1496 downloads

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