Brazilian Journal of Political Economyhttps://www.scielo.br/feed/rep/2021.v41n1/2024-03-01T20:17:21.050000ZVol. 41 No. 1 - 2021WerkzeugThe Rehn-Meidner Plan and the Swedish development model in the Golden Years10.1590/0101-31572021-30622024-03-01T20:17:21.050000Z2020-08-09T06:48:19.917000ZQUINTAS, FELIPE MARUFIANONI, MARCUS
<em>Quintas, Felipe Maruf</em>;
<em>Ianoni, Marcus</em>;
<br/><br/>
ABSTRACT In general, the literature on the developmental state studies Asia and Latin America, not Scandinavia. This article examines the developmental character of the state in Sweden, distinguishing it as a specific case, because its institutions and policies combine the simultaneous promotion of industrialization and social equity. The paper analyzes the Swedish model of development, centered in Rehn-Meidner Plan (R-M), a political strategy of the national development headed by the Swedish Social Democratic Party (SAP). It is argued that in Sweden industrialization and the construction of the welfare state were two sides of the same coin. The R-M Plan played a key role in consolidating the Swedish model between 1945 and 1975. It combined and articulated economic development, centered on industrialization, reduction of social inequalities, and fiscal and monetary stability. It increased productive complexity and equality, unified economic policy and social policy, planned industrialization and income redistribution. It was structured through a broad power pact among workers, industry, farmers, political representatives elected by SAP and public bureaucracy. It was institutionalized, above all, by the democratic corporatist arrangement of centralized salary negotiations.Envelhecimento da população e desigualdade10.1590/0101-31572021-30682024-03-01T20:17:21.050000Z2020-08-09T06:48:19.917000ZCARDOSO, ELIANADIETRICH, THAIS PERESSOUZA, ANDRÉ PORTELA
<em>Cardoso, Eliana</em>;
<em>Dietrich, Thais Peres</em>;
<em>Souza, André Portela</em>;
<br/><br/>
RESUMO O presente trabalho traça o perfil da população acima dos 65 anos no Brasil. Descreve o envelhecimento da população e as diferenças na expectativa de vida nas regiões com diferentes níveis de renda. Discute a renda e a distribuição de renda entre as pessoas acima de 65 anos e mostra que a distribuição de renda entre eles é mais igualitária do que entre a população com menos de 65 anos. Finalmente, ao rever alguns aspectos da discussão em torno da reforma da previdência, conclui com a observação da necessidade de uma agenda de treinamento e qualificação da mão de obra ao longo do ciclo de vida.Taxing wealth: general principles, international perspectives and lessons for Brazil10.1590/0101-31572021-31312024-03-01T20:17:21.050000Z2020-08-09T06:48:19.917000ZMORGAN, MARCCARVALHO JUNIOR, PEDRO
<em>Morgan, Marc</em>;
<em>Carvalho Junior, Pedro</em>;
<br/><br/>
ABSTRACT The international debate on wealth taxation has been subject to renewed interest amid new proposals coming out of the US electoral cycle and the salience of wealth inequality. This article reviews the case for taxing wealth and its transfer across generations (wealth and inheritance taxes), analyzing their design from an international comparative perspective, and extracting lessons for Brazil. The long-debated “Tax on Large Fortunes” has never been implemented and the state-level “Tax on Inheritances” has been watered down over time. We propose a framework for the progressive implementation and reform of both taxes in the country. We argue, given the historical record and current research, that they are technically and administratively feasible propositions, notwithstanding important political economy considerations.O déficit público e o crescimento da dívida mobiliária federal (1985-2018)10.1590/0101-31572021-29152024-03-01T20:17:21.050000Z2020-08-09T06:48:19.917000ZCOUTO, JOAQUIM MIGUELLIMA, LUIS GUSTAVO ALVESCOUTO, ANA CRISTINA LIMA
<em>Couto, Joaquim Miguel</em>;
<em>Lima, Luis Gustavo Alves</em>;
<em>Couto, Ana Cristina Lima</em>;
<br/><br/>
RESUMO O déficit das contas públicas é costumeiramente apontado como o principal responsável pelo aumento da dívida pública federal brasileira. No entanto, isto não é verdade. A análise realizada neste estudo, para o período de 1995 a 2018, demonstrou que o déficit nominal do Governo Central representou apenas uma parcela menor do crescimento da Dívida Pública Mobiliária Federal interna (DPMFi). Outros fatores, principalmente os relacionados às políticas monetária e cambial do Banco Central, explicam a maior parte do crescimento da DPMFi no período.Financialisation and the Portuguese private consumption: two contradictory effects?10.1590/0101-31572021-29932024-03-01T20:17:21.050000Z2020-08-09T06:48:19.917000ZGONÇALVES, ANDREIABARRADAS, RICARDO
<em>Gonçalves, Andreia</em>;
<em>Barradas, Ricardo</em>;
<br/><br/>
ABSTRACT This paper makes an empirical evaluation of the relationship between financialisation and the Portuguese private consumption by performing a time series econometric analysis from the first quarter of 1996 to the third quarter of 2019. Framed within the post-Keynesian literature, financialisation has two contradictory effects on private consumption. The first one corresponds to the fall in the households’ labour income, which favours a deceleration of private consumption. The second one corresponds to the increase of households’ debt and the increase of households’ financial and housing wealth, which favours an acceleration of private consumption. The global net effect of financialisation tends to be positive because the beneficial wealth effect suppresses the harmful income effect. We estimated a private consumption equation that includes four control variables (unemployment rate, inflation rate, short-term interest rate and long-term interest rate) and three variables linked to financialisation (labour income, net financial wealth and housing wealth). Our results confirm that labour income, net financial wealth and housing wealth are positive determinants of Portuguese private consumption. Our results also show that financialisation has represented an important driver of Portuguese private consumption, particularly due to the beneficial effects of net financial wealth.Behavioral economics of corruption and its implications10.1590/0101-31572021-31042024-03-01T20:17:21.050000Z2020-08-09T06:48:19.917000ZMURAMATSU, ROBERTABIANCHI, ANA MARIA A. F.
<em>Muramatsu, Roberta</em>;
<em>Bianchi, Ana Maria A. F.</em>;
<br/><br/>
ABSTRACT This paper holds that the standard economic accounts of corruption based on expected costs and benefits are insufficient to understand and to tackle dishonesty in the real world. It embarks on a survey of the literature to discuss the major roles automatic judgments and decisions, as well as cognitive biases and social preferences might play in deviations from honest behavior. The paper further discusses the implications of behavioral economics to the debate over how to fight corruption and foster integrity.Measuring the fiscal governance instruments: a synthetic index for EU countries10.1590/0101-31572021-31072024-03-01T20:17:21.050000Z2020-08-09T06:48:19.917000ZFRANEK, SLAWOMIRPOSTULA, MARTA
<em>Franek, Slawomir</em>;
<em>Postula, Marta</em>;
<br/><br/>
ABSTRACT The aim of the paper is to examine the collective effect of fiscal governance instruments (i.e., fiscal rules, medium-term budgetary frameworks, independent fiscal institutions) on the fiscal outcomes of EU member states. The results of panel data model estimation for 28 EU countries for the period 2004-2016 confirm a statistically significant and positive impact of synthentic index for those instruments on the general government balance to GDP ratio. Additionally, an adjustment of the synthetic index was proposed, taking into account the degree of autonomy of independent fiscal institutions, and the link between medium-term budgetary frameworks and the annual budget.Análise dos efeitos do Novo Regime Automotivo (1996-1999) e o Inovar-Auto (2012-2017)10.1590/0101-31572021-29922024-03-01T20:17:21.050000Z2020-08-09T06:48:19.917000ZSANTOS, RODRIGO SILVEIRA DOSSCHMIDT JUNIOR, RENOADAMI, VIVIAN SEBBENSCHMIDT, FABRÍCIO CARLOS
<em>Santos, Rodrigo Silveira Dos</em>;
<em>Schmidt Junior, Reno</em>;
<em>Adami, Vivian Sebben</em>;
<em>Schmidt, Fabrício Carlos</em>;
<br/><br/>
RESUMO O objetivo do artigo foi realizar uma análise dos efeitos do Novo Regime Automotivo e do Inovar-Auto quanto à produção nacional, exportação e importação de veículos automotores, através de avaliação comparativa destas duas políticas públicas. Para esta comparação foram utilizados dados reais da indústria automobilística, bem como informações obtidas através da promulgação de leis, medidas provisórias e decretos. Nenhum regime mostrou-se plenamente eficaz para ampliar a produção nacional em relação à produção mundial. O primeiro regime mostrou-se eficaz para ampliar as exportações relativas, contudo o mesmo não foi válido para o segundo regime e ambos os regimes se mostraram eficazes na redução das importações.Crescimento econômico e inovação: uma estimativa da fronteira de possibilidades de inovação10.1590/0101-31572021-29322024-03-01T20:17:21.050000Z2020-08-09T06:48:19.917000ZCANCI, EDIANE
<em>Canci, Ediane</em>;
<br/><br/>
RESUMO O presente artigo investiga o formato da fronteira de possibilidades de inovação para os Estados Unidos entre 1950 e 2011. Utiliza-se o modelo teórico de Kennedy (1964) para a estimação do modelo econométrico. O banco de dados utilizado foi o United States Long Term - USLT organizado, organizado por Dumenil e Lévy (1994). Os resultados sugerem que a fronteira de possibilidades de inovação é compatível com a descrição do progresso técnico ocorrido no período de análise e apontam a existência de um trade-off entre as taxas de crescimento das produtividades do trabalho e do capital para os Estados Unidos no período em estudo.Determinantes da intensidade tecnológica das exportações estaduais no período de ascensão do preço das <i>commodities</i>10.1590/0101-31572021-30292024-03-01T20:17:21.050000Z2020-08-09T06:48:19.917000ZTEIXEIRA, FELIPE ORSOLINCORONEL, DANIEL ARRUDAOREIRO, JOSÉ LUIS DA COSTA
<em>Teixeira, Felipe Orsolin</em>;
<em>Coronel, Daniel Arruda</em>;
<em>Oreiro, José Luis Da Costa</em>;
<br/><br/>
RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o comportamento e os determinantes das exportações dos estados brasileiros, por níveis de intensidade tecnológica, para o período de ascensão nos preços das commodities. Os resultados mostraram que setores de maior tecnologia perderam representatividade nas exportações e que a taxa real de câmbio pode facilitar o acesso de setores estratégicos no mercado internacional.Comment on “Sraffa and the Labour Theory of Value: a note”10.1590/0101-31572020-31692024-03-01T20:17:21.050000Z2020-08-09T06:48:19.917000ZJEFFERIES, WILLIAM
<em>Jefferies, William</em>;
<br/><br/>
ABSTRACT This comment responds to Fabio Anderaos de Araujo’s article “Sraffa and the Labour Theory of Value: a note” (Araujo 2019), and specifically addresses the issue of commensurability originally developed in Jefferies (2015).Comment on “Sraffa and the Labour Theory of Value: a note” - Reply to William Jefferies10.1590/0101-31572020-32152024-03-01T20:17:21.050000Z2020-08-09T06:48:19.917000ZARAUJO, FABIO ANDERAOS DE
<em>Araujo, Fabio Anderaos De</em>;
<br/><br/>
ABSTRACT This is a reply to the criticisms raised by William Jefferies (Jefferies, 2020) to my article “Sraffa and the Labour Theory of Value: a note” (Araujo, 2019). In Jefferies (2020) the author has given great emphasis to the question of physical commensurability between input and output in Sraffa’s price model.Comments to the article “The political role of the State in Cambridge theories of growth and distribution”10.1590/0101-31572020-31592024-03-01T20:17:21.050000Z2020-08-09T06:48:19.917000ZOLIVEIRA, JOÃO GABRIEL DE ARAUJOSUGAHARA, RENATO NOZAKITEIXEIRA, JOANILIO RODOLPHO
<em>Oliveira, João Gabriel De Araujo</em>;
<em>Sugahara, Renato Nozaki</em>;
<em>Teixeira, Joanilio Rodolpho</em>;
<br/><br/>
ABSTRACT This comment came to refute and correct the idea of Charles (2007) about the negatively implications in the income distribution when the government expand the consumption in favour to households. We prove that the political choice, to both cases (increasing consumption or increasing profit), impact positively the income distribution and does not affect the essential nature of the Kaldor neo-Pasinetti dynamic equilibrium results and the “Cambridge Equation”. The stability of the model is guarantee by applying the Olech’s Theorem to the case.