Plant adaptation to low fertility of Amazonian soils is a low input alternative which satisfies most of the regional producers. Adaptation can be related to arbuscular mycorrhizae, that can increase the plant's capacity to absorb soil nutrients. This study was carried out in a banana plantation on a yellow Oxisol in the Agrarian Sciences Faculty (University of Amazonas Foundation), to verify the mycorrhizal colonization and the plant's nutrient status in the banana cultivars Maçã, Pacovan and Prata, during three months of evaluations (December/98, January and February/99). Samples of roots were collected to evaluate the rates of mycorrhizal colonization and leaves to verify the macro and micronutrient concentrations. The average of mycorrhizal colonization were 60.7% in the cultivar Maçã, 55.2% in Pacovan and 53.6% in Prata. Sampling done in December 1998 showed that the cultivar Maçã had lower fungal colonization (48.3% of the roots) than Pacovan (73.6%) and Prata (67.8%). In January 1999 the situation was inverted: Maçã presented the highest colonization (75.3%) when compared with Pacovan (47.8%) and Prata (40.3%). No difference in P and Fe concentrations was observed among cultivars, but there was significant variation among them for Ca, Mg, K, Zn, Cu and Mn. The mycorrhizal colonization was correlated positively with Ca, K and Zn in the cultivar Maçã, and Cu in Prata. These positive correlations allow us to infer that the mycorrhizal association was important to stimulate Ca, K and Zn absorption in the cultivar Maçã, and Cu in Prata in the commercial production stage of five years old banana trees.
Soil fertility; Plant Nutrition; Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Microbial ecology; Plant-microorganisms association
