The banana (Musa spp) is one of the most consumed fruits in the world and is widely consumed in Brazil, but diseases such as yellow and black sigatoka have been reducing its production. The immediate availability of new cultivars resistant to major diseases is limited by conventional propagation. The micropropagation, is an alternative for the production of seedlings with phytosanitarium and vegetative quality, but presents factors that difficult its application such as contamination by fungi and bacteria, associated with oxidation of the explants. The objective of this work was to adapt and/or optimize the stages of the micropropagation of banana cultivars, through the control of oxidation, contamination, and multiplication of shoots. The cultivars used Caipira (AAA), BRS Caprichosa (AAAB), Pacovan Ken (AAAB), Preciosa (AAAB), PV 03-76 (AAAB), Thap Maeo (AAB) were subjected to different micropropagation stages. In the study we used the streptomycin sulfate antibiotic and fungicide Opera® (BASF) to reduce contamination in vitro caused by bacteria and fungi, besides the anti-oxidant PVP (polivinilpirrolidona) to control the oxidation. We found contamination reduction with the use of streptomycin sulfate in the concentration of 100 mg L-1 and of oxidation with PVP at 4 g L-1. At the stage of multiplication of shoots, the cultivates showed means ranging from 1,90 to 4,75 shoots / explant. The cultivate Caipira (AAA) stood out from the others with the highest rate of shoot multiplication after three subcultivations, 41,50 shoots per rhizome average.
Banana; oxidation; contamination; in vitro multiplication
