Nematode larvae infecting <i>Priacanthus arenatus</i> Cuvier, 1829 (Pisces: Teleostei) in Brazil

From July to December, 2013, thirty Priacanthus arenatus specimens commercialized in the cities of Niterói and Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de Janeiro, were acquired. The fish were necropsied and filleted to investigate the presence of nematode larvae. Twenty fish (66.7%) out of the total were parasitized by nematode larvae. A total of 2024 larvae were collected; among them, 30 third-instar larvae of Anisakis sp. showed prevalence (P) = 20%, mean abundance (MA) = 1, and the mean intensity (MI) = 5, and infection sites (IS) = caecum, stomach, liver, and mesentery; and 1,994 third-instar larvae (1,757 encysted and 237 free) of Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum with P = 66.7%, MA = 66.5, and MI = 99.7, and IS = spleen, caecum, stomach, liver, mesentery, and abdominal muscle. This is the first study to report H. deardorffoverstreetorum and Anisakis sp. larvae parasitizing P. arenatus.

Anisakidae; Raphidascarididae; Priacanthus arenatus; Brazil

Authorship

BIANCA P. KURAIEM

Laboratório de Inspeção e Tecnologia do Pescado, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense/UFF, Rua Vital Brasil, 64, Vital Brazil, 24320-340 Niterói, RJ, BrasilUniversidade Federal FluminenseBrasilNiterói, RJ, BrasilLaboratório de Inspeção e Tecnologia do Pescado, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense/UFF, Rua Vital Brasil, 64, Vital Brazil, 24320-340 Niterói, RJ, Brasil

MARCELO KNOFF

Laboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de Vertebrados, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilInstituto Oswaldo CruzBrasilRio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilLaboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de Vertebrados, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

NILZA N. FELIZARDO

DELIR C. GOMES

SÉRGIO C. SÃO CLEMENTE

Correspondence to: Marcelo Knoff E-mail: knoffm@ioc.fiocruz.br

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures | Tables

Figures (3)
Tables (2)

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Figure 1
- Granulomas containing third-instar larvae of Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum on abdominal cavity of Priacanthus arenatus. a. Open abdominal cavity presenting infection with granulomas. b. Detail of the infection. c. Petri dish with newly collected granulomas. d. Larva getting off of the granuloma. e. Encysted larva. The scale bars in a and c = 2 cm, b = 1 cm, d = 0.5 cm and e = 0.2 cm.

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Figure 2
- Third-instar larva of Anisakis sp. a. Anterior end, showing larval tooth (lt), esophagus (e) and ventricle (v). b. Detail of larval tooth (lt) with excretory pore beside. c. Posterior portion, showing the tail with characteristic mucron (m). The scale bars in a = 200 μm, b = 50 μm and c = 100 μm.

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Figure 3
- Third-instar larva of Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum. a. Anterior end, showing esophagus (e), ventricle (v), ventricular appendix (va) and intestinal caecum (ic). b. Posterior portion, showing the tail with characteristic mucron (m). c. Detail of mucron. The scale bars in a = 200 μm, b = 500 μm and c = 20 μm.

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TABLE I
- Morphological and morphometric data of third-instar larvae of the Anisakis sp. and Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum nematodes collected from Priacanthus arenatus (Cuvier, 1829) commercialized in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

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TABLE II
- Parasitic indices of prevalence (P), mean intensity (MI) and mean abundance (MA), infection sites (IS), and number of deposit in the Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute (CHIOC) of the Anisakis sp. and Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetoru m larvae from Priacanthus arenatus (Cuvier, 1829) commercialized in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Figure 1 - Granulomas containing third-instar larvae of Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum on abdominal cavity of Priacanthus arenatus. a. Open abdominal cavity presenting infection with granulomas. b. Detail of the infection. c. Petri dish with newly collected granulomas. d. Larva getting off of the granuloma. e. Encysted larva. The scale bars in a and c = 2 cm, b = 1 cm, d = 0.5 cm and e = 0.2 cm.

Figure 2 - Third-instar larva of Anisakis sp. a. Anterior end, showing larval tooth (lt), esophagus (e) and ventricle (v). b. Detail of larval tooth (lt) with excretory pore beside. c. Posterior portion, showing the tail with characteristic mucron (m). The scale bars in a = 200 μm, b = 50 μm and c = 100 μm.

Figure 3 - Third-instar larva of Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum. a. Anterior end, showing esophagus (e), ventricle (v), ventricular appendix (va) and intestinal caecum (ic). b. Posterior portion, showing the tail with characteristic mucron (m). c. Detail of mucron. The scale bars in a = 200 μm, b = 500 μm and c = 20 μm.

TABLE I - Morphological and morphometric data of third-instar larvae of the Anisakis sp. and Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum nematodes collected from Priacanthus arenatus (Cuvier, 1829) commercialized in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

	Anisakis sp. (n=15)	Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum (n =15)
Body (L)	20.86 - 28.68 (23.04)	6.08 - 18.38 (12.12)
Body (W)	0.42 - 0.56 (0.48)	0.18 - 0.46 (0.36)
Larval tooth	Present	Absent
Excretory pore *	Below the larval tooth	Below the nervous ring
Nervous ring **	0.28 - 0.45 (0.35)	0.27 - 0.60 (0.48)
Esophagus (L)	1.42 - 2.20 (1.80)	0.52 - 1.20 (0.87)
Ventricle (L)	0.30 - 1.00 (0.80)	0.06 - 0.20 (0.12)
Ventricle (W)	0.20 - 0.30 (0.27)	0.09 - 0.18 (0.13)
Ventricular appendix (L)	Absent	0.42 - 1.00 (0.71)
Intestinal caecum (L)	Absent	0.10 - 0.48 (0.26)
Tail (L)	0.08 - 0.15 (0.11)	0.16 - 0.30 (0.24)
Mucron (L)	8 - 32 (21.6) µm	1 - 4 (2.7) µm

* Inconspicuous in some specimens; ** Distance from anterior end; L = length; W = width; n = number of measured specimens.

TABLE II - Parasitic indices of prevalence (P), mean intensity (MI) and mean abundance (MA), infection sites (IS), and number of deposit in the Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute (CHIOC) of the Anisakis sp. and Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetoru m larvae from Priacanthus arenatus (Cuvier, 1829) commercialized in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

	P (%)	MA	MI	IS	CHIOC
Anisakis sp.	20	1	5	C, St, L, AM	35997
Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum	66.7	66.5	99.7	Sp, C, St, L, M, AM	35996a, 35996b, 35998

Sp = spleen; C = caecum; St = stomach; L = liver; M = mesentery; AM = abdominal muscles.

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Nematode larvae infecting <i>Priacanthus arenatus</i> Cuvier, 1829 (Pisces: Teleostei) in Brazil

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[1] Correspondence to: Marcelo Knoff E-mail: knoffm@ioc.fiocruz.br