Morphology of the first zoeal stages of five species of the portunid genus <i>Callinectes</i> (Decapoda, Brachyura) hatched at the laboratory

MANTELATTO, FERNANDO L.; REIGADA, ÁLVARO L.D.; GATTI, ALINE C.R.; CUESTA, JOSÉ A.

doi:10.1590/0001-3765201420130030

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Biological Sciences • An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc. 86 (02) • June 2014 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201420130030 copy

Morphology of the first zoeal stages of five species of the portunid genus Callinectes (Decapoda, Brachyura) hatched at the laboratory

About the authors

The genus Callinectes Stimpson, 1860 currently consists of 16 species, six of which are reported in Brazilian coast. In the present study, the first zoeal stages of Callinectes bocourti,C. danae, C. exasperatus, C. ornatus and C. sapidus from Brazil were obtained from ovigerous females. The morphological and meristic characters of all these larval stages are described and illustrated. Those of C. bocourti, C. danae and C. sapidus are redescribed and compared with the previous descriptions, and differences are listed. Larval characters of these species were examined for interspecific differences, as well as larval features to distinguish the genus Callinectes within Portunidae. In addition, other portunid genera and species with a known first zoeal stage are compared, with special attention to those species present in the same geographical area. Our findings concord with some previous molecular studies, and we discuss the complexity within the group.

larval morphology; Portunidae; Portunoidea; zoea

Species	Postero-lateral process on abdominal somites 3-5	Spinous process/Exopod length of antenna	Maxillule endopod setation	Maxilla endopod setation	1^st mxpl endopod setation	2^nd mxpl endopod setation	Source
Achaelous (Portunus) gibbesii^* * The genus Achelous De Haan 1833 was recently resurrected in a revised taxonomic arrangement, with reassignment ofCronius tumidulus and nine American species currently treated under Portunus (Mantelatto et al. 2009).	long	1/3	0,5	5	†	1,1,3	Kurata 1970Kurata H. 1970. Studies on the life histories of decapod Crustacea of Georgia: Part III. Larvae of decapod Crustacea of Georgia. Final Report. University of Georgia Marine Institute, Sapelo Island, Georgia, p. 1-274.
Achaelous (Portunus) spinicarpus	long	1/3	0,6	6	2,2,0,2,5	1,1,5	Bookhout and Costlow 1974Bookhout CG and Costlow Jr JD. 1974. Larval development of Portunus spinicarpus reared in the laboratory. Bull Mar Sci 24: 20-51.
Achaelous (Cronius) tumidulus	long	1/3	0,6	6	2,2,0,2,5	1,1,5	Fransozo et al. 2002Fransozo A, Mantelatto FL and Bertini G. 2002. The first zoeal stage of the genus Cronius (Brachyura, Portunidae) from the Brazilian coast, hatched in a laboratory. J Plankton Res 24: 1237-1244.
Arenaeus cribrarius	short	1/8	1,6	6	2,2,0,2,5	1,1,5	Stuck and Truesdale 1988Stuck KC and Truesdale FM. 1988. Larval development of the speckled swimming crab, Arenaeus cribrarius (Decapoda, Brachyura, Portunidae) reared in the laboratory. Bull Mar Sci 42: 101-132.
Callinectes bocourti	absent (?)	1/10	0,5(?)-6	5(?)	2,2,0,2,5	1,1,3(?)	Lopes et al. 2000Lopes PHM, Abrunhosa FA and Reis VS. 2000. Descrição da primeira larva do siri pimenta Callinectes bocourti (Crustacea: Decapoda: Portunidae) obtida em laboratório. Rev Cient Prod Anim 2(2): 208-212.
Callinectes bocourti	long	1/8	0,6	6	2,2,0,2,5	1,1,5	Present study
Callinectes danae	long	1/8	0,5(?)	5(?)	1,1,0,2,5(?)	1,1,4	Sankarankutty et al. 1999Sankarankutty C, Hong SY and Kim KB. 1999. Description of laboratory reared first zoea of Callinectes danae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Portunidae). Rev Bras Zool 16(Suppl. 2): 45-49.
Callinectes danae	long	1/10	0,6	6	2,2,0,2,5	1,1,5	Present study
Callinectes exasperatus	long	1/8	0,6	6	2,2,0,2,5	1,1,5	Present study
Callinectes ornatus	long	1/9	0,6	6	2,2,0,2,5	1,1,5	Present study
Callinectes sapidus	long	1/8	0,6	6	2,2,0,2,5	1,1,4(?)	Costlow and Bookhout 1959Costlow JD and Bookhout CG. 1959. The larval development of Callinectes sapidus Rathbun reared in the laboratory. Biol Bull 116: 373-396.
Callinectes sapidus	long	1/7	0,6	6	2,2,0,2,5	1,1,5	Present study
Callinectes similis	long	1/8	0,6	6	2,2,0,2,5	1,1,5	Bookhout and Costlow 1977Bookhout CG and Costlow Jr JD. 1977. Larval development of Callinectes similis reared in the laboratory. Bull Mar Sci 27: 704-728.
Portunus acuminatus	long	1/4	1,6	5	2,2,0,2,5	1,1,5	Meyer et al. 2006Meyer R, Wehrtmann IS and Melzer RR. 2006. Morphology of the first zoeal stage of Portunus acuminatus Stimpson, 1871 (Decapoda: Portunidae: Portuninae) reared in the laboratory. Sci Mar 70: 261-270.
Portunus gladiator	long	†	1,6	6	2,2,0,2,5	†	Terada 1979Terada M. 1979. A classification of zoea larvae in the subfamily Portuninae of the family Portunidae. Zool Mag 88(3): 254-268.
Portunus pelagicus	long	1/6	1,6	6	2,2,1,2,5	1,1,5	Shinkarenko 1979Shinkarenko L. 1979. Development of the larval stages of the blue swimming crab Portunus pelagicus L. (Portunidae: Decapoda: Crustacea). Aust J Mar Freshwater Res 30: 485-503., Josileen and Menon 2004Josileen J and Menon NG. 2004. Larval stages of the blue swimmer crab, Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Decapoda, Brachyura). Crustaceana 77: 785-803.
Portunus rubromarginatus	long	1/3	1,6	5	2,2,0,2,5	1,1,5	Greenwood and Fielder 1979Greenwood JG and Fielder DR. 1979. The zoeal stages and megalopa of Portunus rubromarginatus (Lanchester) (Decapoda: Portunidae), reared in the laboratory. J Plankton Res 1: 191-205.
Portunus trituberculatus	long	1/4	1,6	6	2,2,0,2,5	1,1,5	Yatsuzuka and Sakai 1982Yatsuzuka K and Sakai K. 1982. The larvae and juvenile crabs of Japanese Portunidae (Crustacea, Brachyura). II. Portunus (Portunus) trituberculatus (Miers). Rep Usa Mar Biol Inst Kochi Univ 4: 9-26.
Scylla serrata	short	1/4	1,6	6	2,2,1,2,5	1,1,4	Wear and Fielder 1985Wear RG and Fielder DR. 1985. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Larvae of the Brachyura (Crustacea, Decapoda). N Z Ocean Inst Mem 92: 1-89.
Charybdis bimaculata	long	1/4	1,6	6	2,2,0,2,5	1,1,5	Hwang and Kim 1995Hwang S and Kim C. 1995. Complete larval development of the swimming crab, Charybdis bimaculata (Miers, 1886) (Crustacea, Brachyura, Portunidae), reared in laboratory. Korean J Zool 38: 465-482.
Charybdis hellerii	long	1/5	1,6	6	2,2,0,2,5	1,1,5	Negreiros-Fransozo 1996Negreiros-Fransozo ML. 1996. The zoea I of Charybdis hellerii (A. Milne-Edwards, 1867) (Decapoda, Portunidae) obtained in laboratory. Nauplius 4: 165-168.,Dineen et al. 2001Dineen JF, Clark PF, Hines AH, Reed SA and Walton HP. 2001. Life history, larval description, and natural history of Charybdis hellerii (Decapoda, Brachyura, Portunidae) an invasive crab in the Western Atlantic. J Crust Biol 21: 774-805.
Charybdis japonica	long	1/3	1,6	6	2,1,0,2,3	1,1,5	Yatsuzuka et al. 1984Yatsuzuka K, Sakai K and Roman ND. 1984. The larvae and juvenile crabs of Japanese Portunidae (Crustacea, Brachyura) III. Charybdis japonica A. Milne-Edwards. Rep Usa Mar Biol Inst Kochi Univ 6: 23-40.
Cronius ruber	short	1/7	1,6	6	2,2,0,2,5	1,1,5	Fransozo et al. 2002Fransozo A, Mantelatto FL and Bertini G. 2002. The first zoeal stage of the genus Cronius (Brachyura, Portunidae) from the Brazilian coast, hatched in a laboratory. J Plankton Res 24: 1237-1244.

	C. bocourti	C. bocourti	C. danae	C. danae	C. sapidus	C. sapidus
Appendages / Structures	Lopes et al. 2000Lopes PHM, Abrunhosa FA and Reis VS. 2000. Descrição da primeira larva do siri pimenta Callinectes bocourti (Crustacea: Decapoda: Portunidae) obtida em laboratório. Rev Cient Prod Anim 2(2): 208-212.	Present paper	Sankarankutty et al. 1999Sankarankutty C, Hong SY and Kim KB. 1999. Description of laboratory reared first zoea of Callinectes danae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Portunidae). Rev Bras Zool 16(Suppl. 2): 45-49.	Present paper	Costlow and Bookhout 1959Costlow JD and Bookhout CG. 1959. The larval development of Callinectes sapidus Rathbun reared in the laboratory. Biol Bull 116: 373-396.	Present paper
Cephalothorax	Dorsolateral setae absent	Dorsolateral setae present	(-)	(-)	Dorsolateral setae absent	Dorsolateral setae present
Cephalothorax latero-ventral margin	Without spinulation	Spinules present	(-)	(-)	(-)	(-)
Antennule	(-)	(-)	2a, 1s	4a, 1s	(-)	(-)
Antenna	Base of protopod without spinules	Base of protopod with a group of 3 spinules	Base of protopod without spinules	Base of protopod with a group of 3 spinules	Base of protopod without spinules	Third row of intermediate spinules present
Maxillule endopods	(-)	(-)	1,4	2,4	(-)	(-)
Maxilla endopods	2,3	2,4	2,3	2,4	(-)	(-)
Maxilla scaphognathite	(-)	(-)	(-)	(-)	3 ps	4 ps
First maxilliped basis	2,2,2,3	2,2,3,3	2,2,2,2	2,2,3,3	2,2,2,2	2,2,3,3
First maxilliped endopods	(-)	(-)	1,1,0,2,5	2,2,0,2,5	(-)	(-)
Second maxilliped endopods	1,1,3	1,1,5	1,1,4	1,1,5	1,1,4	1,1,5
Second maxilliped basis	1,1,1	1,1,1,1	1,1,1	1,1,1,1	(-)	(-)
Telson	Dorsal spine absent, inner lateral spine present^* * (these internal lateral spines could not exist).	Dorsal spine present, inner lateral spine absent	(-)	(-)	Small lateral spine absent	Small lateral spine present

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[1] Correspondence to: Fernando Luis Mantelatto E-mail: flmantel@usp.br