Technique |
LQa e LDb
|
Analyhtical Conditionsc
|
Detectiond
|
Reference |
HPLC |
LD = 0.02 µg L-1 LQ = 0.13 µg L-1
|
Column: C18 (250 mm x 4.6 mm i.d , 13 Å) Mobile phase: H2O/THF (1:1) Flow rate: 1 mL min-1 Elution: Isocratic Time of analysis: 15 minutes |
Fluorescence λexi = 225 nm λemi= 300 nm |
Zgoła-Grześkowiak et al. 2009 |
LD = 0.018 ng mL-1
|
Column: C8 (150 mm x 4.6 mm i.d, 3 µm) Mobile phase: ACN/H2O (75:25) Flow rate: 1 mL min-1 Elution: Isocratic Time of analysis: 10 minutes |
Fluorescence λexi = 220 nm λemi= 315 nm |
Cai et al. 2003 |
LD = 0.44 µg L-1 LQ = 1.47 µg L-1
|
Column: C18 Mobile phase: ACN/H2O (70:30) Flow rate: 1 mL min-1 Elution: Isocratic Time of analysis: 20 minutes |
Fluorescence λexi = 233 nm λemi= 302 nm |
Lou et al. 2012 |
LQ < 4 µg L-1
|
Column: C8 and aminossílica C8 - (250 mm x 4.6 mm i.d, 10 µm, with guard column 30 mm x 4 mm i.d Amino - 100 mm x 4 mm i.d, 3 µm Mobile phase: A/B (45:55) Phase A: isopOH/H2O/ ACN Phase B: ACN:H2O (45:55) Flow rate: 1.2 mL min-1 Elution: gradient Time of analysis: 25 minutes |
UV λreverse phase= 225 nm λnormal phase = 277 nm Fluorescence λexi = 230 nm λemi= 295 nm |
Marcomini and Giger 1987 |
Not available |
Column: C18 (250 mm x 4.6 mm i.d, 10 µm) Mobile phase: HEX/THF (8:2) + isopOH/H2O (9:1) Flow rate: 1.0 mL min-1 Eluition: gradient |
UV λ= 277 nm |
Fytianos et al. 1997 |
LD = 18 ng L-1 LQ = 59 ng L-1
|
Column: C18 (250 mm x 4.6 mm i.d) Mobile phase: ACN/H2O (75:25) Flow rate: 0.8 mL min-1 Elution: gradient Time of analysis: 40 minutes Injection volume: 40 µL |
UV= 278 nm |
Montagner and Jardim 2011 |
LD = 0.03 µg L-1 LQ = 0.08 µg L-1
|
Column: C8 (125 mm x 3 mm i.d, 5 µm) Mobile phase: HEX/2-propOH (98,5:1,5) Flow rate: 0,4 mL min-1 Elution: Isocratic Time of analysis: 10 minutes |
Fluorescence λexi = 228 nm λemi= 305 nm |
Ahel et al. 2000 |
LD = 1 ng L-1
|
Column: C18 (55 mm x 2 mm i.d, 3 µm) Mobile phase: MeOH / H2O Flow rate: 0.4 mL min-1 Elution: gradient Time of analysis: 24 minutes Injection volume: 10 µL |
MS |
Petrovic et al. 2003 |
Not available |
Column: C18 (250 mm x 4.6 mm i.d, 5 µm) Mobile phase: MeOH/H2O (75:25) Flow rate: 0.8 mL min-1 Eluition: Isocratic |
UV = 225 nm |
Cao et al. 2013 |
LQ = 0.1 µg L-1
|
Column: C18 (150 mm x 4.6 mm i.d, 5 µm) Mobile phase: MeOH + ACN (1:1) / H2O Flow rate: 0.8 mL min-1 Elution: gradient Injection volume: 20 µL Time of analysis: 15 minutes |
MS |
Jeannot et al. 2002 |
Not available |
Column: pentafluorfenil Mobile phase: H2O c/ HCOOH + ACN/THF (1:9) Flow rate: 0.4 mL min-1 Elution: Gradient Time of analysis: 25 minutes |
MS |
Ciofi et al. 2014 |
HPLC |
LD = 0.76 µg L-1
|
Column: C18 (150 mm x 2.1 mm i.d, 5 µm) Mobile phase: H2O + MeOH (4:6) Flow rate: 0.3 mL min-1 Elution: Isocratic Time of analysis: 10 minutes Injection volume: 10 µL |
MS |
Sun et al. 2013 |
LD = 0.04 ng L-1 LQ = 0.1 ng L-1
|
Column: C18 (30 mm x 2.1 mm i.d, 3,5 µm) Mobile phase: H2O c/ NH4OH (1% v/v) + MeOH Flow rate: 0.3 mL min-1 Elution: gradient Time of analysis: 10 minutes Injection volume: 10 µL |
MS |
Sodré et al. 2010a |
GC |
LD = 42 ng L-1 LQ = 140 ng L-1
|
Gas: He Column: ZB-5 Temperature: 100 °C - 320 °C Time of analysis: 20.4 minutes Derivatization: (MSTFA) |
MS |
Martinez and Peñuela 2013 |
LD = 0.01 µg L-1
|
Gas: He Column: HP-5MS Temperature: 60 °C - 300 °C Time of analysis: 24 minutes |
MS |
Azevedo et al. 2001 |
LD = 0.8 ng L-1 LQ = 2.6 ng L-1
|
Gas: He Column: ZB-5 Temperature: 100 °C - 300 °C Time of analysis: 25 minutes Derivatization: pyridine + BSTFA |
MS |
Liu et al. 2004 |
LQ = 2 ng L-1
|
Gas: He Column: BPX-5 Temperature: 85 ºC - 300 ºC. Derivatization: BSTFA |
MS |
Jeannot et al. 2002 |
LQ = 0.05 µg L-1
|
Gas: He Column: HP-5MS Temperature: 90 °C - 300 °C Time of analysis: 35 minutes |
MS |
Hernández et al. 2007 |
LD = 0.05 ng L-1
|
Gas: He Column: DB-5MS Temperature: 80 °C - 300 °C Time of analysis: 75 minutes Derivatization: PFBCl |
MS |
Kuch and Ballschmiter 2001 |
GC |
LD = 10.9 ng L-1 LQ = 36 ng L-1
|
Gas: He Column: TR-5MS Temperature: 60 °C - 320 °C Time of analysis: about 100 minutes |
MS |
Terzopoulou et al. 2014 |
LD = 0.1 µg L-1
|
Gas: He Column: DB-5MS Temperature: 70 °C - 285 °C Time of analysis: about 27 minutes Derivatization: DMS + DES + MNNG |
MS |
Díaz et al. 2002 |
LD = 10 ng L-1
|
Gas: He Column: DB-5 Temperature: 80 °C - 310 °C Time of analysis: about 50 minutes |
MS |
Planas et al. 2002 |
LD = 2.0 ng L-1 LQ = 7.0 ng L-1
|
Gas: He Column: HP-5 Temperature: 50 °C - 300 °C Time of analysis: about 25 minutes Derivatization: 1) NaHCO3 + NaOH +stirring 2) HEX + HAc anhydrous +stirring |
MS |
Oketola, Fagbemigun 2013 |
LD = 0.11 µg L-1 LQ = 0.36 µg L-1
|
Gas: He Column: DB-5MS Temperature: 80 °C - 300 °C Time of analysis: 38 minutes Derivatization: MTBSTFA + 1% TBDMCS |
MS |
Sodré et al. 2010b |