Effects of maternal artificial vocalization on hyperprolific lactating sows and piglets behavior

MOREIRA, RENNAN H.R.; OLIVEIRA, RODRIGO F. DE; PALENCIA, JORGE Y.P.; LEMES, MARINA A.G.; SILVA, MARILANE D.; GARBOSSA, CESAR A.P.; ABREU, MÁRVIO L.T. DE; MOURA, GISELLE B. DE; FERREIRA, RONY A.

doi:10.1590/0001-3765201820180340

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Agrarian Sciences • An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc. 90 (4) • Oct-Dec 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820180340 copy

Effects of maternal artificial vocalization on hyperprolific lactating sows and piglets behavior

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The objective of this trial was to evaluate the behavioral patterns and performance of lactating sows and their litters under the effect of artificial vocalization. Twenty-eight sows and their litters were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2x2 factorial scheme (artificial vocalization x lactation week). The behavior of the animals was monitored during 24 hours on the 7^th and 15^th days of lactation, analyzing the number, interval, and frequency of nursings. The body condition and performance of the sows were also evaluated. Artificial vocalization promoted higher frequencies of eating for sow and nursing for piglets (P <0.05), increased inactive sow behavior (P <0.05), and reduced sow alert in activity (P <0.05). The number and duration of suckling sessions at the 15^thday of lactation were reduced (P <0.05). The use of artificial vocalization did not affect the body condition or milk production of the lactating sows, or the performance of the litter during lactation (P> 0.05). The use of maternal artificial vocalization during lactation of sows promoted greater lactation efficiency and longer rest time, favoring the sows’ welfare.

Key words
behavior suckling; piglet; swine production; sow grunting; nursing; vocal communication

Variables	Control	Vocalization	P	Standard error	CV¹
Drinking	0.17	0.52	0.053	0.206	103.28
Eating	0.26	1.48	0.032	0.472	147.52
Stereotyped	0.00	0.00	1.000	0.087	0.00
Inactive	80.64	73.87	0.010	1.812	6.89
Inactive alertness	4.86	5.04	0.243	1.344	65.20
Nursing	14.07	18.66	0.004	2.345	20.96
Biting	0.00	0.00	1.000	0.000	0.000
Rooting	0.00	0.43	0.064	1.802	253.85
Total %	100	100

Variables	Control	Vocalization	P	Standard error	CV¹
Drinking	0.09	0.78	0.096	0.445	192.70
Eating	1.13	0.26	0.077	0.987	141.42
Stereotyped	0.00	0.00	1.000	0.142	0.00
Inactive	72.83	84.03	0.001	2.798	9.61
Inactive alertness	12.07	3.21	0.001	2.673	84.57
Nursing	13.89	11.72	0.014	0.557	13.57
Biting	0.00	0.00	1.000	0.000	0.00
Rooting	0.00	0.00	1.000	0.000	0.00
Total %	100	100

Suckling	Control	Vocalization	P	Standard error	CV¹
Number (n)
7^th day	36.29	37.63	0.388	1.149	7.78
15^th day	33.29^a	24.63^b	0.001	0.981	18.68
Duration (min)
7^th day	5.29	6.26	0.100	0.359	15.20
15^th day	5.83^a	4.93^b	0.003	0.190	11.42
Interval (min)
7^th day	34.49	31.94	0.081	1.038	8.57
15^th day	37.26^a	56.80^b	0.001	3.401	26.02

Variables	Control	Vocalization	P	Standard error	CV¹
Number of sows	13	15
Average daily feed intake (kg)	6.472	6.244	0.103	0.055	4.71
Weight of sows (kg)
2 days	259.00	267.73	0.358	4.511	9.11
20 days	246.00	256.53	0.285	4.635	9.91
Weight loss of the sows (kg)
2 to 20 days	13.00	11.20	0.892	0.022	276.43
Weight loss of the sows (%)
2 to 20 days	4.94	3.02	0.686	2.213	307.21
Loin depth at 2 days (mm)	47.38	42.63	0.203	1.297	21.27
Loin depth at 20 days (mm)	58.21	53.46	0.298	1.728	20.82
Backfat thickness at 2 days (mm)	12.55	10.61	0.223	0.542	31.49
Backfat thickness at 20 days (mm)	10.02	8.41	0.160	0.409	29.50
Milkyield (kg day^-1)	8.16	7.49	0.335	0.338	22.25

Variables	Control	Vocalization	P	Standard error	CV¹(%)
Number of litters	12	15
Piglets/sow at 2^nd day	12.58	11.86	0.058	0.197	8.04
Piglets/sow at 20^th day	10.75	9.86	0.282	0.414	20.16
Weight at 2^nd day (kg)	1.384	1.501	0.230	46.401	16.96
Weight at 20^th day (kg)	5.804	5.864	0.852	149.970	13.60
ADG 2 to 20 days (g)	210.5	207.7	0.839	6.310	15.96

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[1] Correspondence to: Rony Antônio Ferreira E-mail: rony@dzo.ufla.br