Thermal requirements, development and number of generations of Duponchelia fovealis (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

PAES, JOÃO P.P.; LIMA, VICTOR L.S.; PRATISSOLI, DIRCEU; CARVALHO, JOSÉ R.; PIROVANI, VICTOR D.; BUENO, REGIANE C.O.F.

doi:10.1590/0001-3765201820160891

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Agrarian Sciences • An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc. 90 (2 suppl 1) • Aug 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820160891 copy

Thermal requirements, development and number of generations of Duponchelia fovealis (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

In this study, the effect of temperature on the growth of the European pepper moth, Duponchelia fovealis (Zeller), was assessed at five constant temperatures (18, 21, 24, 27 and 30 °C). The European pepper moth was observed to complete its developmental stages (from egg to adult) at all the temperatures evaluated. From the results, it was evident that temperature affected the rate and development time of all the growth stages, to a significant degree. The length in time of the embryonic, larval, pupal and total (egg-adult) stages was observed to drop as the temperature rose from 18 to 24 °C, but remained constant between 27 and 30 °C. The developmental time in the pre-pupal stage dropped between 18 and 30 °C. The European pepper moth takes 454 degree-days to complete development at 11.7 °C temperature threshold. The D. fovealis survival was thus inversely proportional to temperature over range of 18 to 30 °C. On assessing the number of annual generations for the five largest strawberry-producing municipalities in Espírito Santo State, an average of 5.5 generations per year was estimated. This is a first report of temperature on D. fovealis development.

Key words
Development rate; developmental thresholds; European pepper moth; longevity; survival

Model	Parameters	Equation	Reference
Briere-1	3	$r (T) = a . T . (T - T_{0}) . \sqrt{T_{L} - T}$	Briere et al. (1999)BRIERE J-F, PRACROS P, LE ROUX A-Y and PIERRE JS. 1999. A Novel Rate Model of Temperature-Dependent Development for Arthropods. Environ Entomol 28: 22-29.
Logan-6	4	$r (T) = Ψ . [e^{ρ . T} - e^{(ρ . T_{L} - \frac{T_{L} - T}{Δ})}]$	Logan et al. (1976)LOGAN JA, WOLLKIND DJ, HOYT SC and TANIGOSHI LK. 1976. An Analytic Model for Description of Temperature Dependent Rate Phenomena in Arthropods 1. Environ Entomol 5: 1133-1140.
Lactin-1	3	$r (T) = e^{ρ . T} - e^{(ρ . T_{L} - \frac{T_{L} - T}{Δ})}$	Lactin et al. (1995)LACTIN DJ, HOLLIDAY NJ, JOHNSON DL and CRAIGEN R. 1995. Improved Rate Model of Temperature-Dependent Development by Arthropods. Environ Entomol 24: 68-75.

Temp. (°C)	Egg ^b	Larva ^b	Pre-pupa ^a	Pupa ^b	Total ^a
18	10.0 ± 0.00 a	50.4 ± 2.06 a	4.1 ± 0.1a	18.3 ± 0.30 a	82.9 ± 1.85 a
21	7.0 ± 0.00 ab	31.1 ± 1.13 ab	2.6 ± 0.03 b	11.9 ± 0.15 ab	52.6 ± 1.23 b
24	5.0 ± 0.00 bc	19.9 ± 0.46 bc	1.9 ± 0.02 c	8.5 ± 0.07 bc	35.4 ± 0.51 c
27	4.0 ± 0.00 c	17.9 ± 0.49 c	1.3 ± 0.04 d	7.0 ± 0.12 cd	30.3 ± 0.48 d
30	4.0 ± 0.00 c	15.1 ± 0.40 c	1.0 ± 0.02 e	6.5 ± 0.09 d	26.6 ± 0.41 d

Stage	χ²	p - value	R²adj	RSS	AIC	LogLIK
Egg	0.0023	0.9999993	0.9216	0.001035714	-22.2211	14.1106
Larval	0.0004	0.9999999	0.9643	0.00003729	-38.8414	22.4207
Pre-pupal	0.0072	0.9999936	0.9769	0.006322168	-13.1763	9.5881
Pupal	0.0008	0.9999999	0.9769	0.000180638	-30.9529	18.4765
Egg to adult	0.0002	0.9999999	0.9740	0.00000840	-46.2930	26.1465
Stage	T₀ (°C)	K (degree days)	Linear equation
Egg	10.1	73.53	$y = - 0.137143 + 0.013571 * T$
Larval	12.3	256.41	$y = - 0.0483159 + 0.0038826 * T$
Pre-pupal	14.5	16.63	$y = - 0.932636 + 0.063227 * T$
Pupal	11.1	116.26	$y = - 0.0951752 + 0.0085742 * T$
Egg to adult	11.7	454.54	$y = - 0.0260595 + 0.0021685 * T$

Model	Parameter	Stage
Model	Parameter	Egg	Larval	Pre-pupal	Pupal	Egg to adult
Briere-1	a	0.000143	0.000045	0.000955	0.000095	0.000025
	T₀ (°C)	6.57	10.61	13.11	8.52	9.95
	T_L (°C)	36.39	36.21	36.11	36.30	36.24
	T_opt (°C)	29.61	29.97	30.56	29.77	29.91
	χ²	0.0488	0.0226	0.9464	0.0364	0.0114
	p-value	0.99999	0.99999	0.9999896	0.99999	0.99999
	R²adj	0.9683	0.9808	0.9426	0.9426	0.9907
	RSS	0.000809	0.000045	0.055553601	0.000132106	0.0000067
	AIC	-42.8872	-65.9201	-9.0558	-57.3878	-81.2698
	LogLIK	25.4436	36.9600	8.5279	32.6939	44.6349

Lactin-1	ρ	0.134909	0.15381	0.192566	0.143151	0.150141
	Δ	7.375064	6.496907	5.176557	6.969182	6.657375
	T₀ (°C)	-	-	-	-	-
	T_L (°C)	37.17	36.74	36.39	36.96	36.81
	T_opt (°C)	29.78	30.24	31.21	29.98	30.15
	χ²	0.0441	0.0198	0.8487	0.0323	0.0100
	p-value	0.99999	0.99999	0.999994	0.999998	0.999998
	R²adj	0.9364	0.9598	0.9964	0.9964	0.9723
	RSS	0.0015168	0.0000886	0.003225093	0.000356301	0.000018
	AIC	-37.8618	-60.5810	-31.8269	-49.4504	-73.1178
	LogLIK	22.9309	34.2905	19.9134	28.7252	40.5589

Logan-6	Ψ	0.07309	0.008523	0.029945	0.03398	0.007272
	ρ	0.12973	0.145407	0.146595	0.1373	0.144502
	Δ	7.08855	6.136941	3.837922	6.68123	6.404738
	T₀ (°C)	-	-	-	-	-
	T_L (°C)	37.17	36.74	36.37	36.96	36.81
	T_opt (°C)	30.08	30.60	32.53	30.28	30.40
	χ²	0.0441	0.0198	0.8234	0.0323	0.0100
	p-value	0.99999	0.99999	0.9999952	0.99999	0.999998
	R²adj	0.9204	0.9497	0.9962	0.9962	0.9653
	RSS	0.00151776	0.00008865	0.00266812	0.000356519	0.000019
	AIC	-35.8567	-58.5792	-31.3436	-47.4455	-71.1122
	LogLIK	22.9283	34.2896	20.6718	28.7228	40.5561

Temperature (°C)	Male	Female
18	16.8 ± 1.13 a	14.7 ± 1.20 a
21	10.9 ± 0.92 bc	13.2 ± 0.92 a
24	9.2 ± 1.12 c	9.8 ± 1.07 b
27	6.6 ± 0.61 cd	6.8 ± 0.77 c
30	5.1 ± 0.49 d	5.0 ± 0.65 c

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[1] Correspondence to: Victor Luiz de Souza Lima E-mail: victor.souzalima@gmail.com