Improving collection efforts to avoid loss of biodiversity: lessons from comprehensive sampling of lycophytes and ferns in the subtropical Atlantic Forest

Gasper, André Luís de; Eisenlohr, Pedro V.; Salino, Alexandre

doi:10.1590/0102-33062015abb0292

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Articles • Acta Bot. Bras. 30 (02) • Apr-Jun 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062015abb0292 copy

Improving collection efforts to avoid loss of biodiversity: lessons from comprehensive sampling of lycophytes and ferns in the subtropical Atlantic Forest

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Estimating species richness with herbarium data and new collections allows us to understand the distribution of diversity. We investigated the accuracy of lycophyte and fern sampling along a vegetation gradient in the subtropical Atlantic Forest in southern Brazil. We compiled lycophyte and fern collection metadata and estimated species richness and assessed sampling accuracy for sixty 50 x 50 km units using ACE, Chao 1, Chao 2, Jackknife 1 and Jackknife 2 estimators. We compiled data for 12,779 fern specimens of 441 species, 67 of which were sampled in only one unit (singletons) and 35 in two units (duplicates). Of the 60 units examined, only 11 had observed values that were above 70% of their estimated values, and 14 had observed levels between 65-70% of the estimated values, meaning that 35 units had a sampling accuracy of less than 65%. In spite of the long history of lycophyte and fern collecting in the study area, there remain units with a lower than expected sampling accuracy for a subtropical forest. This finding indicates that a sizeable collection effort is needed in order to discover the actual distribution of species before the effects of fragmentation and deforestation become permanent.

Keywords
botanical collections; estimators; hotspot; pteridophyte; southern Brazil; species richness estimates

SU	COL	S	ACE	ACE%	C1	C1%	C2	C2%	J1	J1%	J2	J2%
15	76	33	42	78.6	51	64.7	48	68.8	65	50.77	49	67.3
16	54	32	45	71.1	43	74.4	41	78.0	64	50.00	48	66.7
17	24	19	51	37.3	57	33.3	46	41.3	49	38.78	34	55.9
25	19	14	30	46.7	31	45.2	26	53.8	34	41.18	24	58.3
26	14	11	26	42.3	22	50.0	18	61.1	27	40.74	19	57.9
27	19	16	51	31.4	44	36.4	36	44.4	42	38.10	29	55.2
35	82	48	79	60.8	133	36.1	119	40.3	112	42.86	80	60.0
36	26	20	47	42.6	48	41.7	41	48.8	50	40.00	35	57.1
37	21	18	63	28.6	56	32.1	45	40.0	48	37.50	33	54.5
45	69	39	55	70.9	54	72.2	53	73.6	79	49.37	59	66.1
46	27	20	42	47.6	40	50.0	35	57.1	48	41.67	34	58.8
54	33	21	39	53.8	59	35.6	48	43.8	51	41.18	36	58.3
55	68	44	75	58.7	83	53.0	78	56.4	100	44.00	72	61.1
56	26	20	52	38.5	84	23.8	61	32.8	52	38.46	36	55.6
64	76	39	54	72.2	61	63.9	58	67.2	81	48.15	60	65.0
65	74	35	47	74.5	61	57.4	57	61.4	73	47.95	54	64.8
66	6	5	15	33.3	13	38.5	9	55.6	13	38.46	9	55.6
73	11	10	55	18.2	51	19.6	29	34.5	28	35.71	19	52.6
74	67	34	47	72.3	60	56.7	56	60.7	72	47.22	53	64.2
75	31	22	49	44.9	70	31.4	57	38.6	56	39.29	39	56.4
76	52	30	47	63.8	90	33.3	73	41.1	68	44.12	49	61.2
77	70	44	68	64.7	65	67.7	63	69.8	94	46.81	69	63.8
82	15	12	36	33.3	62	19.4	36	33.3	32	37.50	22	54.5
83	18	13	26	50.0	27	48.1	22	59.1	31	41.94	22	59.1
84	23	13	19	68.4	21	61.9	18	72.2	27	48.15	20	65.0
85	69	36	56	64.3	192	18.8	137	26.3	86	41.86	61	59.0
86	62	38	64	59.4	83	45.8	76	50.0	88	43.18	63	60.3
87	58	42	90	46.7	102	41.2	94	44.7	104	40.38	73	57.5
90	84	58	108	53.7	121	47.9	115	50.4	136	42.65	97	59.8
92	13	10	36	27.8	42	23.8	25	40.0	26	38.46	18	55.6
93	332	151	188	80.3	201	75.1	199	75.9	280	53.93	216	69.9
94	23	21	121	17.4	111	18.9	79	26.6	59	35.59	40	52.5
95	334	121	143	84.6	180	67.2	176	68.8	225	53.78	173	69.9
96	99	71	153	46.4	199	35.7	186	38.2	177	40.11	124	57.3
97	60	40	69	58.0	68	58.8	65	61.5	90	44.44	65	61.5
100	138	88	146	60.3	160	55.0	156	56.4	198	44.44	143	61.5
101	243	115	149	77.2	163	70.6	160	71.9	227	50.66	171	67.3
102	228	88	109	80.7	153	57.5	147	59.9	176	50.00	132	66.7
103	163	80	108	74.1	124	64.5	121	66.1	164	48.78	122	65.6
104	74	47	81	58.0	95	49.5	89	52.8	109	43.12	78	60.3
105	318	111	128	86.7	150	74.0	147	75.5	197	56.35	154	72.1
106	291	113	137	82.5	175	64.6	171	66.1	215	52.56	164	68.9
107	37	23	37	62.2	48	47.9	41	56.1	51	45.10	37	62.2
111	147	85	134	63.4	162	52.5	157	54.1	193	44.04	139	61.2
112	357	126	148	85.1	178	70.8	175	72.0	232	54.31	179	70.4
113	503	171	198	86.4	245	69.8	242	70.7	314	54.46	243	70.4
114	301	108	133	81.2	228	47.4	219	49.3	228	47.37	168	64.3
115	1013	218	232	94.0	274	79.6	272	80.1	353	61.76	286	76.2
116	136	77	120	64.2	152	50.7	146	52.7	175	44.00	126	61.1
117	591	181	202	89.6	230	78.7	228	79.4	308	58.77	245	73.9
122	145	88	140	62.9	161	54.7	156	56.4	196	44.90	142	62.0
123	262	100	119	84.0	142	70.4	139	71.9	184	54.35	142	70.4
124	714	186	202	92.1	231	80.5	230	80.9	307	60.59	247	75.3
125	1577	248	256	96.9	294	84.4	292	84.9	366	67.76	307	80.8
126	281	136	176	77.3	189	72.0	186	73.1	263	51.71	200	68.0
127	727	217	242	89.7	284	76.4	282	77.0	368	58.97	293	74.1
128	160	81	105	77.1	110	73.6	108	75.0	155	52.26	118	68.6
133	349	136	167	81.4	235	57.9	229	59.4	267	50.94	202	67.3
134	861	193	204	94.6	227	85.0	226	85.4	299	64.55	246	78.5
135	1028	204	218	93.6	292	69.9	288	70.8	351	58.12	278	73.4

% of observed x estimated species	ACE	C1	C2	J1	J2
< 55	19	30	23	4	52
55-60	4	6	9	16	4
60-65	9	5	4	15	3
65-70	1	4	6	14	1
> 70	27	15	18	11	0
Total	60	60	60	60	60

Sociedade Botânica do Brasil SCLN 307 - Bloco B - Sala 218 - Ed. Constrol Center Asa Norte CEP: 70746-520 Brasília/DF. - Alta Floresta - MT - Brazil
E-mail: acta@botanica.org.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] * Corresponding author: algasper@gmail.com