A taxonomic treatment of the Erythroxylaceae family was undertaken as part of the project "Flora da Paraíba" which aims to identify and catalogue the species of the local flora. Botanical identification and illustrations were supported by morphological studies and bibliography, analysis of the types and specimens from national and international herbaria, complemented by field observations. Thirteen species of Erythroxylaceae belonging to the genus Erythroxylum were found in Paraíba state: Erythroxylum caatingae Plowman, E. citrifolium A. St.-Hil, E. nummularia Peyr., E. pauferrense Plowman, E. passerinum Mart., E. pulchrum A. St.-Hil., E. pungens O.E. Schulz, E. revolutum Mart., E. rimosum O.E. Schulz, E. simonis Plowman, E. suberosum var. denudatum O.E. Schulz and E. subrotundum A. St.-Hil. Six of these species are new records for the state.
Erythroxylaceae; Erythroxylum; flora; taxonomy; Northeast Brazil
