OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the epidemiological profile and outcomes of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), determining risk factors for increased vigilance. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We studied 924 pregnancies in 916 patients between November 6, 2001 and September 21, 2009. RESULTS: Risk factors were found in 95.1% of cases. The prevalence of maternal diabetes, paternal diabetes and diabetes in other family members was 24.3%, 9.4% and 24.7%, respectively. Predictive factors for insulin use were: screening fasting glucose (FG) ≥ 85, Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) FG ≥ 95, 2h glucose after 75 g ≥ 200 mg/dL, previous GDM, obesity, HbA1c > 6%, and the association of risk factors including family history of diabetes mellitus and obesity or previous GDM, the last one the most relevant (p < 0,05). CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors were very sensitive for GDM detection, and provision of family history strengthens its relationship with T2DM. Greater vigilance is recommended for patients with predictive factors for insulin requirement.
Gestational diabetes; risk factors; metabolic profile; treatment; insulin; complications
