Anatomical description of the skulls of peccaries (Tayassu tajacu, Linnaeus 1758) by computed tomography

The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomical structures of the skulls of peccaries to establish the basis for their clinical study and future preclinical research. Ten skulls of adult peccaries were subjected to tomographic examination. The data obtained were processed via three-dimensional image reconstruction software (3D images). The reconstructions obtained from the neurocranium of the studied specimens allowed the identification and description of the following structures: nasal bone, frontal bone, parietal bones, incisor bone, maxillary bone, zygomatic bone, temporal bone, palatal bone, occipital bone, vomer bone, pterygoid bone, sphenoid bone, paranasal sinuses and orbit. Computed tomography proved to be an important diagnostic tool in the investigation of the skull of this species, allowing the acquisition of anatomical values not yet documented for the species in the literature.

Keywords:
imaging diagnosis; neurocranium; Tayassuidae; wild animals

Authorship

J.R. Araújo

Aluno de pós-graduação ˗ Universidade Federal do Piauí - Teresina, PIUniversidade Federal do PiauíBrazilTeresina, PI, BrazilAluno de pós-graduação ˗ Universidade Federal do Piauí - Teresina, PI

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-8098

R.P.S. Rodrigues

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8108-4669

F.C.A. Sousa

Universidade Federal do Piauí - Teresina, PIUniversidade Federal do PiauíBrazilTeresina, PI, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Piauí - Teresina, PI

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7244-9729

L.S. Moura

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6070-2763

A.B.S. Silva

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6569-5515

G.T. Pessoa

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6285-404X

K.V. Macedo

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9080-7267

F.S. Costa

Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - Recife, PEUniversidade Federal Rural de PernambucoBrazilRecife, PE, BrazilUniversidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - Recife, PE

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2763-4348

K.R.S. Leitão

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3603-2093

P.V.S. Carvalho

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6217-0326

F.R. Alves ^**Autor para correspondência (corresponding author) E-mail: flavioribeiro@ufpi.edu.br

Universidade Federal do Piauí - Teresina, PIUniversidade Federal do PiauíBrazilTeresina, PI, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Piauí - Teresina, PI

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-3486

*Autor para correspondência (corresponding author) E-mail: flavioribeiro@ufpi.edu.br

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Universidade Federal do Piauí - Teresina, PIUniversidade Federal do PiauíBrazilTeresina, PI, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Piauí - Teresina, PI

Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - Recife, PEUniversidade Federal Rural de PernambucoBrazilRecife, PE, BrazilUniversidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - Recife, PE

Figures

Figures (3)

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Figure 1
Axial computed tomography (CT) images of the peccary (Tayassu tajacu, Linnaeus 1758) skull. [A-F] 1 - Nasal bone; 2 - Maxillary bone; 3 - Palatal bone; 4 - Vomer bone; 5 - Dorsal nasal concha; 6 - Medial nasal concha; 7 - Ventral nasal concha; 8 - First molar tooth; 9 - Maxillary sinuses; 10 - Zygomatic bone; 11 - Frontal bone; 12 - Ethmoidal labyrinth; 13 - Choanal region; 14 - Frontal sinuses; 15 - Third molar tooth; 16 - Calvaria; 17 - Cerebral cavity; 18 - Nasopharyngeal meatus; 19 - Temporal bone; 20 - Tympanic bulla.

Thumbnail

Figure 2
Sagittal computed tomography images of the peccary (Tayassu tajacu, Linnaeus 1758) skull. [A - medial sagittal image; B - lateral sagittal image] 1 - Nasal bone; 2 - Maxillary bone; 3 - Palatal bone; 4 - Vomer bone; 5 - Dorsal nasal concha; 6 - Medial nasal concha; 7 - Ventral nasal concha; 8 - First molar tooth; 9 - Maxillary sinuses; 10 - Zygomatic bone; 11 - Frontal bone; 12 - Ethmoidal labyrinth; 13 - Choanal region; 14 - Frontal sinuses; 15 - Third molar tooth; 16 - Calvaria; 17 - Cerebral cavity; 18 - nasopharyngeal meatus; 19 - Temporal bone; 20 - Tympanic bulla; 21 Occipital bone; 22 - Ethmoid bone (turbinate); 23 - Sphenoid; 24 - Nasal cavity; 25 - Incisive bone; 26 - Canine tooth alveolus; 27- Temporal bone; 28 - Supraorbital foramen; I - First molar tooth; II - Second molar tooth; III - Third molar tooth; IV - Fourth molar tooth; V - Fifth molar tooth; VI - Sixth molar tooth.

Thumbnail

Figure 3
Computed tomography images of the peccary (Tayassu tajacu, Linnaeus 1758) skull. Images of three-dimensional reconstruction in the dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) directions. A - Parietal bone; B - Frontal bone; C - Nasal bone; D - Incisive bone; E - Zygomatic bone; F - Temporal bone; G - Occipital bone; H - Maxillary bone; I - Lacrimal bone; J - Foramen magnum; L - Basisphenoid bone; M - Vomer; N - Pterygoid bone; O - Palatal bone; b'- Supraorbital foramen; b"- Supraorbital groove; e' - Frontal process of the zygomatic bone; e'' - Temporal process of the zygomatic bone; f'- Zygomatic process of the temporal bone; g'- Occipital condyle; h'- Infraorbital foramen; o"- Cleft palate; I - First molar tooth; II - Second molar tooth; III - Third molar tooth; IV - Fourth molar tooth; V - Fifth molar tooth; VI - Sixth molar tooth.

Figure 1 Axial computed tomography (CT) images of the peccary (Tayassu tajacu, Linnaeus 1758) skull. [A-F] 1 - Nasal bone; 2 - Maxillary bone; 3 - Palatal bone; 4 - Vomer bone; 5 - Dorsal nasal concha; 6 - Medial nasal concha; 7 - Ventral nasal concha; 8 - First molar tooth; 9 - Maxillary sinuses; 10 - Zygomatic bone; 11 - Frontal bone; 12 - Ethmoidal labyrinth; 13 - Choanal region; 14 - Frontal sinuses; 15 - Third molar tooth; 16 - Calvaria; 17 - Cerebral cavity; 18 - Nasopharyngeal meatus; 19 - Temporal bone; 20 - Tympanic bulla.

Figure 2 Sagittal computed tomography images of the peccary (Tayassu tajacu, Linnaeus 1758) skull. [A - medial sagittal image; B - lateral sagittal image] 1 - Nasal bone; 2 - Maxillary bone; 3 - Palatal bone; 4 - Vomer bone; 5 - Dorsal nasal concha; 6 - Medial nasal concha; 7 - Ventral nasal concha; 8 - First molar tooth; 9 - Maxillary sinuses; 10 - Zygomatic bone; 11 - Frontal bone; 12 - Ethmoidal labyrinth; 13 - Choanal region; 14 - Frontal sinuses; 15 - Third molar tooth; 16 - Calvaria; 17 - Cerebral cavity; 18 - nasopharyngeal meatus; 19 - Temporal bone; 20 - Tympanic bulla; 21 Occipital bone; 22 - Ethmoid bone (turbinate); 23 - Sphenoid; 24 - Nasal cavity; 25 - Incisive bone; 26 - Canine tooth alveolus; 27- Temporal bone; 28 - Supraorbital foramen; I - First molar tooth; II - Second molar tooth; III - Third molar tooth; IV - Fourth molar tooth; V - Fifth molar tooth; VI - Sixth molar tooth.

Figure 3 Computed tomography images of the peccary (Tayassu tajacu, Linnaeus 1758) skull. Images of three-dimensional reconstruction in the dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) directions. A - Parietal bone; B - Frontal bone; C - Nasal bone; D - Incisive bone; E - Zygomatic bone; F - Temporal bone; G - Occipital bone; H - Maxillary bone; I - Lacrimal bone; J - Foramen magnum; L - Basisphenoid bone; M - Vomer; N - Pterygoid bone; O - Palatal bone; b'- Supraorbital foramen; b"- Supraorbital groove; e' - Frontal process of the zygomatic bone; e'' - Temporal process of the zygomatic bone; f'- Zygomatic process of the temporal bone; g'- Occipital condyle; h'- Infraorbital foramen; o"- Cleft palate; I - First molar tooth; II - Second molar tooth; III - Third molar tooth; IV - Fourth molar tooth; V - Fifth molar tooth; VI - Sixth molar tooth.

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Anatomical description of the skulls of peccaries (Tayassu tajacu, Linnaeus 1758) by computed tomography

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[1] *Autor para correspondência (corresponding author) E-mail: flavioribeiro@ufpi.edu.br