Molecular characterization of Kappa-casein and β-lactoglobulin genes in Anatolian Black cattle and Holstein breeds

Bayraktar, M.

doi:10.1590/1678-4162-12497

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Animal Science and Technology and Inspection of Animal Products • Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec. 74 (01) • Jan-Feb 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12497 copy

Molecular characterization of Kappa-casein and β-lactoglobulin genes in Anatolian Black cattle and Holstein breeds

[Caracterização molecular dos genes Kappa-casein e β-lactoglobulina em gado negro anatoliano e raças Holstein]

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

κ-Cn and β-lactoglobulin are important candidate genes associated with milk yield and milk protein content. The present investigation is carried out to determine the polymorphisms status of κ-Cn and β-lactoglobulin genes in Anatolian Black cattle and Holstein breeds. PCR-RFLP technique was used to determine Kappa-Casein and β-lactoglobulin polymorphisms in both cattle breeds. The allele frequency of Anatolian Black cattle in terms of κ-Cn and β-lactoglobulin genes were 0.50 (A) 0.50 (B) and 0.20 (A) 0.80 (B) respectively, whereas in Holstein were 0.29 (A) 0.71 (B) and 0.44 (A) 0.56 (B) respectively. The chi-square test showed that each cattle breed was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05).

Keywords:
κ-Cn; β-lactoglobulin; Anatolian Black; Holstein; polymorphism

Primer code	primer sequences	PCR bp	Sources	PCR conditions	RE
κ-Cn	F/5’-TGTGCTGAGTAGGTATCCTAGTTATGG-3’ R/5’GCGTTGTCTTCTTTGATGTCTCCTTAG-3’	453	*Barroso et al.,* (1998**BARROSO, A.; DUNNER, S.; CANON, J. Detection of bovine kappa-casein variants A, B, C, and E by means of polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP). J. Anim. Sci., v.76, p.1535-1538, 1998.)	95°C 5m, 95°C 10s, 62°C 20s, 72°C 30s, 35 cycles 72°C 5m	HinfI
β-lactoglobulin	F/5’-CGCTCCCCACCCCGTCCTCACC-3’ R/5’-CCCGTCCCCAGTCACCCACAGG-3’	434	*Zhao et al.,* (1999**ZHAO, C.J.; ZHANG, Y., LI, N. Research on the relationship between molecular genetic polymorphism of milk protein and dairy traits in Chinese Holsteins. J. Yellow Cattle Sci., v.25, p.13-15, 1999.)	94°C 3m, 94°C 30s, 60°C 40s, 72°C 1m, 39 cycles 72°C 10m	HaeIII

Cattle breed	N	Allele Frequency		Genotype frequency			χ²
Cattle breed	N	A	B	AA	AB	BB
Anatolian Black	100	0.50	0.50	0.30	0.40	0.30	2
Holstein	100	0.29	0.71	0.50	0.41	0.09	4.84
Allele and genotype frequencies for β-lactoglobulin gene
Anatolian Black	100	0.20	0.80	0.020	0.36	0.62	0.78
Holstein	100	0.44	0.56	0.26	0.36	0.38	3.63

	κ-CN gene
References	Breed	Allele frequency
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	Busha	0.67(A)	0.33(B)
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β-lactoglobulin
References	Breed	Allele frequency
*Zhang et al.* (2006**ZHANG, R.; CHEN, H.; LEI, C. et al. Association between PCR-RFLP polymorphisms of five gene loci and milk traits in Chinese Holstein. Asian-australas. J. Anim. Sci., v.20, p.166-171, 2006.)	Chinese Holstein	0.27(A)	0.73(B)
Rachagani and Gupta (2008RACHAGANI, S.; GUPTA, I. D. Bovine kappa-casein gene polymorphism and its association with milk production traits. Genet. Mol. Biol., v.31, p.893-897, 2008.)	Sahiwal	0.17(A)	0.83(B)
	Tharparkar	0.39(A)	0.61(B)
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*Čítek et al.* (2019**ČÍTEK, J.; HANUSOVÁ, L.; LÍSKOVCOVÁ, L. et al. Polymorphisms in CSN3, CSN2 and LGB genes and their relation to milk production in dairy cattle in the Czech Republic. Acta Univ. Agric. Silvicult. Mendelianae Brunensis. v.67, p.19-24, 2019.)	Czech	0.47(A)	0.53(B)
*Ferreira et al.* (2019**FERREIRA, J.; GUILHERMINO, M.; LEITE, J. et al. Polymorphisms of leptin, β-lactoglobulin and pituitary transcription factor have no effect on milk characteristics in crossbred cows. Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec., v.71, p.715-719, 2019.)	Crossbred	0.40(A)	0.60(B)
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	Simmental Austrian selection	0.42(A)	0.58(B)
	Simmental local selection	0.29(A)	0.71(B)
*Barbosa et al.* (2019**BARBOSA, S.B.P.; ARAÚJO, Í.I.M.D.; MARTINS, M.F. et al. Genetic association of variations in the kappa-casein and β-lactoglobulin genes with milk traits in girolando cattle. Rev. Bras. Saúde Prod. Anim., v.20, p.1-12, 2019.)	Girolando	0.52(A)	0.48(B)

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[1] Corresponding Author: mbayraktar@cu.edu.tr