ARTISTIC:
Significant elements in volume, texture and colour, such as ornaments, installation and artistically represented natural elements. |
Natural elements in various media (paintings, TV, photographs, projections, etc.) |
Micro-restorative properties of attention and stress reduction; relaxation; positive emotions (IYENDO; UWAJEH; IKENNA, 2016IYENDO, T. O.; UWAJEH, P. C.; IKENNA, E. S. The therapeutic impacts of environmental design interventions on wellness in clinical settings: a narrative review. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, v. 24, p. 174-188, 2016.; JOYE; VAN DEN BERG, 2012JOYE, Y.; VAN DEN BERG, A. Restorative environments. In: STEG, L.; VAN DEN BERG, A.; GROOT, J. I. M. (ed.). Environmental Psychology: an introduction. New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.; LANKSTON et al., 2010LANKSTON, L. et al. Visual art in hospitals: case studies and review of the evidence. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, v. 103, p. 490-499, 2010. ). |
| Art (artistic ornaments such as paintings, photographs, sculptures, etc.) |
Attention restoration and stress reduction, promotion of relaxation, positive emotions (GRESSLER; GUNTER, 2013GRESSLER, S. C.; GÜNTER, I. A. Ambientes restauradores: definição, histórico, abordagens e pesquisas. Estudos de Psicologia, v. 18, n. 3, p. 487-495, 2013.; IYENDO; UWAJEH; IKENNA, 2016IYENDO, T. O.; UWAJEH, P. C.; IKENNA, E. S. The therapeutic impacts of environmental design interventions on wellness in clinical settings: a narrative review. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, v. 24, p. 174-188, 2016.; LANKSTON et al., 2010LANKSTON, L. et al. Visual art in hospitals: case studies and review of the evidence. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, v. 103, p. 490-499, 2010. ; SHEPLEY; PASHA, 2013SHEPLEY, M. M.; PASHA, S. Design research and Behavioral Health Facilities. The Center for Health Design, 2013.; ULRICH, 1991ULRICH, R. Effects of interior design on wellness: theory and recent scientific research. Journal of Health Care Interior Design, v. 3, n. 1, p. 97-109, 1991.). |
AUDITORY:
Presence of sound and/or silence in environments. |
Sounds (soft music, natural sounds) |
Distraction, relaxation, reduction of psychological and physiological stress (IYENDO; UWAJEH; IKENNA, 2016IYENDO, T. O.; UWAJEH, P. C.; IKENNA, E. S. The therapeutic impacts of environmental design interventions on wellness in clinical settings: a narrative review. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, v. 24, p. 174-188, 2016.; SCHWEITZER; GILPIN; FRAMPTON, 2004SCHWEITZER, M.; GILPIN, L.; FRAMPTON, S. Healing spaces: elements of environmental design that make an impact on health. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, v. 10, n. 1, 2004.; THOMSON; PETTICREW, 2005THOMSON, H.; PETTICREW, M. Is housing improvement a potential health improvement strategy? Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2005.; ULRICH et al., 2004ULRICH, R. Effects of interior design on wellness: theory and recent scientific research. Journal of Health Care Interior Design, v. 3, n. 1, p. 97-109, 1991.; VAN DEN BERG, 2005VAN DEN BERG, A. E. Health impacts of healing environments: a review of evidence for benefits of nature, daylight, fresh air, and quiet in healthcare settings. Groningen: Foundation 200 years University Hospital Groningen, 2005.). |
| Silence (noise reduction) |
Improvement of inpatient sleep quality; emotional stress reduction; reduction of pain medication (IYENDO; UWAJEH; IKENNA, 2016IYENDO, T. O.; UWAJEH, P. C.; IKENNA, E. S. The therapeutic impacts of environmental design interventions on wellness in clinical settings: a narrative review. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, v. 24, p. 174-188, 2016.; SCHWEITZER; GILPIN; FRAMPTON, 2004SCHWEITZER, M.; GILPIN, L.; FRAMPTON, S. Healing spaces: elements of environmental design that make an impact on health. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, v. 10, n. 1, 2004.; SHEPLEY; PASHA, 2013SHEPLEY, M. M.; PASHA, S. Design research and Behavioral Health Facilities. The Center for Health Design, 2013.; ULRICH, 2000ULRICH, R. Effects of healthcare environmental design on medical outcomes. Design & Healthcare World Congress & Exhibition, Stockholm, p. 49-59, 2000.; 2004ULRICH, R. et al. The role of the physical environment in the hospital of the 21st Century: a once-in-a-Lifetime Opportunity. The Center for Health Design, 2004.). |
BIOLOGICAL:
Factors or elements that aim to guarantee the user's safety eliminating any toxicological or contaminating factor. |
Elimination of environmentally toxic or contaminating factors |
Safety, intoxication and/or contamination prevention (SCHWEITZER; GILPIN; FRAMPTON, 2004SCHWEITZER, M.; GILPIN, L.; FRAMPTON, S. Healing spaces: elements of environmental design that make an impact on health. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, v. 10, n. 1, 2004.; SHRAIKY, 2011SHRAIKY, J. Prescribing Architecture: a critical evaluation of how design impacts health and wellness. Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities, v. 1, n. 1, 2011.; THOMSON; PETTICREW, 2005THOMSON, H.; PETTICREW, M. Is housing improvement a potential health improvement strategy? Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2005.; ULRICH et al., 2004ULRICH, R. et al. The role of the physical environment in the hospital of the 21st Century: a once-in-a-Lifetime Opportunity. The Center for Health Design, 2004.). |
| Hygiene and maintenance practicality |
Safety, sanitation (IYENDO; UWAJEH; IKENNA, 2016IYENDO, T. O.; UWAJEH, P. C.; IKENNA, E. S. The therapeutic impacts of environmental design interventions on wellness in clinical settings: a narrative review. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, v. 24, p. 174-188, 2016.; SCHWEITZER; GILPIN; FRAMPTON, 2004SCHWEITZER, M.; GILPIN, L.; FRAMPTON, S. Healing spaces: elements of environmental design that make an impact on health. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, v. 10, n. 1, 2004.; SHEPLEY; PASHA, 2013SHEPLEY, M. M.; PASHA, S. Design research and Behavioral Health Facilities. The Center for Health Design, 2013.; THOMSON; PETTICREW, 2005THOMSON, H.; PETTICREW, M. Is housing improvement a potential health improvement strategy? Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2005.). |
| Equipment (control of biological indexes, etc.) |
Safety (SHEPLEY; PASHA, 2013SHEPLEY, M. M.; PASHA, S. Design research and Behavioral Health Facilities. The Center for Health Design, 2013.). |
LUMINOUS AND HYGROTHERMAL COMFORT:
Natural resources and artificial ventilation and lighting, temperature control and environmental humidity. |
Natural lighting (controllable with blinds, curtains and brise-soleil) |
Visual and psychological comfort; safety in clinical procedures (IYENDO; UWAJEH; IKENNA, 2016IYENDO, T. O.; UWAJEH, P. C.; IKENNA, E. S. The therapeutic impacts of environmental design interventions on wellness in clinical settings: a narrative review. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, v. 24, p. 174-188, 2016.; SHEPLEY; PASHA, 2013SHEPLEY, M. M.; PASHA, S. Design research and Behavioral Health Facilities. The Center for Health Design, 2013.; ULRICH et al., 2004ULRICH, R. et al. The role of the physical environment in the hospital of the 21st Century: a once-in-a-Lifetime Opportunity. The Center for Health Design, 2004.; VAN DEN BERG, 2005VAN DEN BERG, A. E. Health impacts of healing environments: a review of evidence for benefits of nature, daylight, fresh air, and quiet in healthcare settings. Groningen: Foundation 200 years University Hospital Groningen, 2005.). |
| Artificial lighting (automatically controlled, dimmer and direction control) |
Visual comfort; safety in clinical procedures (SHEPLEY; PASHA, 2013SHEPLEY, M. M.; PASHA, S. Design research and Behavioral Health Facilities. The Center for Health Design, 2013.; SHRAIKY, 2011SHRAIKY, J. Prescribing Architecture: a critical evaluation of how design impacts health and wellness. Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities, v. 1, n. 1, 2011.; ULRICH et al., 2004ULRICH, R. et al. The role of the physical environment in the hospital of the 21st Century: a once-in-a-Lifetime Opportunity. The Center for Health Design, 2004.). |
| Natural ventilation (controllable with screens and fenestration) |
Thermal and psychological comfort, air quality (IYENDO; UWAJEH; IKENNA, 2016IYENDO, T. O.; UWAJEH, P. C.; IKENNA, E. S. The therapeutic impacts of environmental design interventions on wellness in clinical settings: a narrative review. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, v. 24, p. 174-188, 2016.; THOMSON; PETTICREW, 2005THOMSON, H.; PETTICREW, M. Is housing improvement a potential health improvement strategy? Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2005.; ULRICH et al., 2004ULRICH, R. et al. The role of the physical environment in the hospital of the 21st Century: a once-in-a-Lifetime Opportunity. The Center for Health Design, 2004.; VAN DEN BERG, 2005VAN DEN BERG, A. E. Health impacts of healing environments: a review of evidence for benefits of nature, daylight, fresh air, and quiet in healthcare settings. Groningen: Foundation 200 years University Hospital Groningen, 2005.). |
| Mechanical ventilation (automatically controlled) |
Thermal comfort, air quality (THOMSON; PETTICREW, 2005THOMSON, H.; PETTICREW, M. Is housing improvement a potential health improvement strategy? Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2005.; ULRICH et al., 2004ULRICH, R. et al. The role of the physical environment in the hospital of the 21st Century: a once-in-a-Lifetime Opportunity. The Center for Health Design, 2004.). |
SPATIAL:
Elements and attributes planned from the beginning of construction regarding architectural, constructive and functional aspects, as well as indoor layouts. |
Windows |
External views, natural lighting (SHEPLEY; PASHA, 2013SHEPLEY, M. M.; PASHA, S. Design research and Behavioral Health Facilities. The Center for Health Design, 2013.; SHRAIKY, 2011SHRAIKY, J. Prescribing Architecture: a critical evaluation of how design impacts health and wellness. Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities, v. 1, n. 1, 2011.; ULRICH et al., 2004ULRICH, R. et al. The role of the physical environment in the hospital of the 21st Century: a once-in-a-Lifetime Opportunity. The Center for Health Design, 2004.). |
| Colours |
Sense of tranquility/quietness, comfort, cosiness (IYENDO; UWAJEH; IKENNA, 2016IYENDO, T. O.; UWAJEH, P. C.; IKENNA, E. S. The therapeutic impacts of environmental design interventions on wellness in clinical settings: a narrative review. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, v. 24, p. 174-188, 2016.; SHEPLEY; PASHA, 2013SHEPLEY, M. M.; PASHA, S. Design research and Behavioral Health Facilities. The Center for Health Design, 2013.; SHRAIKY, 2011SHRAIKY, J. Prescribing Architecture: a critical evaluation of how design impacts health and wellness. Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities, v. 1, n. 1, 2011.). |
| Universal Design |
Safety, decrease in risk of falling and accidents; design that helps to access, understand and use an environment (THOMSON, PETTICREW, 2005THOMSON, H.; PETTICREW, M. Is housing improvement a potential health improvement strategy? Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2005.). |
| Tile finishing |
Sense of comfort, cosiness, hygiene, safety (risk of falling) (SHEPLEY; PASHA, 2013SHEPLEY, M. M.; PASHA, S. Design research and Behavioral Health Facilities. The Center for Health Design, 2013.; THOMSON; PETTICREW, 2005THOMSON, H.; PETTICREW, M. Is housing improvement a potential health improvement strategy? Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2005.; ULRICH et al., 2004ULRICH, R. et al. The role of the physical environment in the hospital of the 21st Century: a once-in-a-Lifetime Opportunity. The Center for Health Design, 2004.). |
| Layout |
Adequacy for specific activities (SHEPLEY; PASHA, 2013SHEPLEY, M. M.; PASHA, S. Design research and Behavioral Health Facilities. The Center for Health Design, 2013.; SHRAIKY, 2011SHRAIKY, J. Prescribing Architecture: a critical evaluation of how design impacts health and wellness. Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities, v. 1, n. 1, 2011.). |
| Furniture |
Adequacy for specific activities (SHEPLEY; PASHA, 2013SHEPLEY, M. M.; PASHA, S. Design research and Behavioral Health Facilities. The Center for Health Design, 2013.; SHRAIKY, 2011SHRAIKY, J. Prescribing Architecture: a critical evaluation of how design impacts health and wellness. Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities, v. 1, n. 1, 2011.). |
| Equipment (to help move around, etc.) |
Adequacy for specific activities, safety (SHEPLEY; PASHA, 2013SHEPLEY, M. M.; PASHA, S. Design research and Behavioral Health Facilities. The Center for Health Design, 2013.). |
| Adaptability and flexibility (spatial configuration liable to change) |
Layout adequacy, furniture and other elements regarding activities, to increase privacy, and space appropriation, etc.(SHEPLEY; PASHA, 2013SHEPLEY, M. M.; PASHA, S. Design research and Behavioral Health Facilities. The Center for Health Design, 2013.; SHRAIKY, 2011SHRAIKY, J. Prescribing Architecture: a critical evaluation of how design impacts health and wellness. Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities, v. 1, n. 1, 2011.; TISSOT, 2016TISSOT, J. T. Definição de atributos arquitetônicos essenciais para a humanização em quartos de internação. Florianópolis: UFSC, 2016.). |
| Presence of signs (wayfinding) |
Spatial autonomy (SHRAIKY, 2011SHRAIKY, J. Prescribing Architecture: a critical evaluation of how design impacts health and wellness. Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities, v. 1, n. 1, 2011.; STERNBERG, 2009STERNBERG, E. Healing spaces: the science of place and well-being. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 2009.; ULRICH et al., 2004ULRICH, R. et al. The role of the physical environment in the hospital of the 21st Century: a once-in-a-Lifetime Opportunity. The Center for Health Design, 2004.). |
| Environment hierarchy (wayfinding) |
Help in understanding space layout (SHRAIKY, 2011SHRAIKY, J. Prescribing Architecture: a critical evaluation of how design impacts health and wellness. Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities, v. 1, n. 1, 2011.; STERNBERG, 2009STERNBERG, E. Healing spaces: the science of place and well-being. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 2009.; ULRICH et al., 2004ULRICH, R. et al. The role of the physical environment in the hospital of the 21st Century: a once-in-a-Lifetime Opportunity. The Center for Health Design, 2004.). |
NATURAL:
Presence of natural elements such as vegetation, water, animals, natural sounds, among others, in natural landscapes. |
Nature (vegetation, water, landscape and sounds) |
Attention restoration and stress reduction, leisure, positive distractions (GRESSLER; GÜNTER, 2013GRESSLER, S. C.; GÜNTER, I. A. Ambientes restauradores: definição, histórico, abordagens e pesquisas. Estudos de Psicologia, v. 18, n. 3, p. 487-495, 2013.; IYENDO; UWAJEH; IKENNA, 2016IYENDO, T. O.; UWAJEH, P. C.; IKENNA, E. S. The therapeutic impacts of environmental design interventions on wellness in clinical settings: a narrative review. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, v. 24, p. 174-188, 2016.; JOYE; VAN DEN BERG, 2012JOYE, Y.; VAN DEN BERG, A. Restorative environments. In: STEG, L.; VAN DEN BERG, A.; GROOT, J. I. M. (ed.). Environmental Psychology: an introduction. New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.; KAPLAN, 1995KAPLAN, S. The restorative benefits of nature: toward an integrative framework. Journal of Environmental Psychology, v. 15, p. 169-182, 1995.; SHEPLEY; PASHA, 2013SHEPLEY, M. M.; PASHA, S. Design research and Behavioral Health Facilities. The Center for Health Design, 2013.; SHRAIKY, 2011SHRAIKY, J. Prescribing Architecture: a critical evaluation of how design impacts health and wellness. Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities, v. 1, n. 1, 2011.; ULRICH, 1991ULRICH, R. Effects of interior design on wellness: theory and recent scientific research. Journal of Health Care Interior Design, v. 3, n. 1, p. 97-109, 1991.). |
| View over nature |
Attention restoration and stress reduction (GRESSLER; GÜNTER, 2013GRESSLER, S. C.; GÜNTER, I. A. Ambientes restauradores: definição, histórico, abordagens e pesquisas. Estudos de Psicologia, v. 18, n. 3, p. 487-495, 2013.; IYENDO; UWAJEH; IKENNA, 2016IYENDO, T. O.; UWAJEH, P. C.; IKENNA, E. S. The therapeutic impacts of environmental design interventions on wellness in clinical settings: a narrative review. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, v. 24, p. 174-188, 2016.; SHEPLEY; PASHA, 2013SHEPLEY, M. M.; PASHA, S. Design research and Behavioral Health Facilities. The Center for Health Design, 2013.; SHRAIKY, 2011SHRAIKY, J. Prescribing Architecture: a critical evaluation of how design impacts health and wellness. Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities, v. 1, n. 1, 2011.; ULRICH, 1984ULRICH, R. View through a window may influence recovery from surgery. Science, v. 224, p. 420-421, 1984., 1991ULRICH, R. Effects of interior design on wellness: theory and recent scientific research. Journal of Health Care Interior Design, v. 3, n. 1, p. 97-109, 1991.; VAN DEN BERG, 2005VAN DEN BERG, A. E. Health impacts of healing environments: a review of evidence for benefits of nature, daylight, fresh air, and quiet in healthcare settings. Groningen: Foundation 200 years University Hospital Groningen, 2005.). |
| Gardens |
Attention restoration and stress reduction, leisure (IYENDO et al., 2016IYENDO, T. O.; UWAJEH, P. C.; IKENNA, E. S. The therapeutic impacts of environmental design interventions on wellness in clinical settings: a narrative review. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, v. 24, p. 174-188, 2016.; JOYE; VAN DEN BERG, 2012JOYE, Y.; VAN DEN BERG, A. Restorative environments. In: STEG, L.; VAN DEN BERG, A.; GROOT, J. I. M. (ed.). Environmental Psychology: an introduction. New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.; SHRAIKY, 2011SHRAIKY, J. Prescribing Architecture: a critical evaluation of how design impacts health and wellness. Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities, v. 1, n. 1, 2011.; ULRICH, 1991ULRICH, R. Effects of interior design on wellness: theory and recent scientific research. Journal of Health Care Interior Design, v. 3, n. 1, p. 97-109, 1991.; VAN DEN BERG, 2005VAN DEN BERG, A. E. Health impacts of healing environments: a review of evidence for benefits of nature, daylight, fresh air, and quiet in healthcare settings. Groningen: Foundation 200 years University Hospital Groningen, 2005.). |
| Natural elements inserted in artifacts (fountains, vegetation in fire in fireplace, fish in aquariums, etc.) |
Attention micro-restorative properties and stress reduction (JOYE; VAN DEN BERG, 2012JOYE, Y.; VAN DEN BERG, A. Restorative environments. In: STEG, L.; VAN DEN BERG, A.; GROOT, J. I. M. (ed.). Environmental Psychology: an introduction. New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.; VAN DEN BERG, 2005VAN DEN BERG, A. E. Health impacts of healing environments: a review of evidence for benefits of nature, daylight, fresh air, and quiet in healthcare settings. Groningen: Foundation 200 years University Hospital Groningen, 2005.). |
OLFACTORY:
Scents |
Scents (pleasant or unpleasant) |
Relaxation; stress reduction and pain reduction perception (SCHWEITZER; GILPIN; FRAMPTON, 2004SCHWEITZER, M.; GILPIN, L.; FRAMPTON, S. Healing spaces: elements of environmental design that make an impact on health. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, v. 10, n. 1, 2004.). |
PSYCHOLOGICAL:
Environment characteristics that allow user to reduce stress and anxiety level; also, the possibility to socialise with other environment users. |
Preference/ personal satisfaction |
Favourite environment, attachment to the place, invoking positive memories (GRESSLER; GÜNTER, 2013GRESSLER, S. C.; GÜNTER, I. A. Ambientes restauradores: definição, histórico, abordagens e pesquisas. Estudos de Psicologia, v. 18, n. 3, p. 487-495, 2013.; THOMSON; PETTICREW, 2005THOMSON, H.; PETTICREW, M. Is housing improvement a potential health improvement strategy? Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2005.). |
| Sense of control and privacy/territoriality |
Control over personal circumstances; sound and television controls, etc.(IYENDO; UWAJEH; IKENNA, 2016IYENDO, T. O.; UWAJEH, P. C.; IKENNA, E. S. The therapeutic impacts of environmental design interventions on wellness in clinical settings: a narrative review. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, v. 24, p. 174-188, 2016.; SHEPLEY; PASHA, 2013SHEPLEY, M. M.; PASHA, S. Design research and Behavioral Health Facilities. The Center for Health Design, 2013.; ULRICH, 1991ULRICH, R. Effects of interior design on wellness: theory and recent scientific research. Journal of Health Care Interior Design, v. 3, n. 1, p. 97-109, 1991.; ULRICH et al., 2004ULRICH, R. et al. The role of the physical environment in the hospital of the 21st Century: a once-in-a-Lifetime Opportunity. The Center for Health Design, 2004.). |
| Social support |
Space for socialisation and leisure (IYENDO et al., 2016IYENDO, T. O.; UWAJEH, P. C.; IKENNA, E. S. The therapeutic impacts of environmental design interventions on wellness in clinical settings: a narrative review. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, v. 24, p. 174-188, 2016.; SHEPLEY; PASHA, 2013SHEPLEY, M. M.; PASHA, S. Design research and Behavioral Health Facilities. The Center for Health Design, 2013.; ULRICH et al., 2004ULRICH, R. et al. The role of the physical environment in the hospital of the 21st Century: a once-in-a-Lifetime Opportunity. The Center for Health Design, 2004.). |
Source:
Source: adapted from