The aim of the present study is to analize in an experimental study, the macroscopical and microscopical features of the human gallstones on the peritoneal cavity of rats. Thirty-two male Wistar rats, weighting between 205 to 268g, were used. The animals were divided into two groups. The surgical procedure was performed in each one group: in group A (n =16), the animals were underwent to intestinal mobilization; in group B (n =16), human gallstones were left on the peritoneal cavity. The rats were evaluated at postoperative days 21 and 42. The results showed that simple bowel mobilization caused adhesions on the animals (n =10). Adhesions were noted in 11 gallstones in group B. Histologically there was no exuberant fibrosis surrounding the gallstone, mainly at postoperative day 42. No macro or micro abscesses were noted, and there was no evidence of free intra peritoneal fluid. This study suggest that despite of low incidence of complications , every attempt should be made to retrieve stones lost during cholecystectomy.
Gallstones in the peritoneal cavity; Retained stones; Laparoscopic cholecystectomy