Efeito de bicarbonato de sódio, feno e bagaço "in natura" sobre a digestibilidade e o desempenho de zebuínos em crescimento alimentados com bagaço de cana auto-hidrolisado

Effect of sodium bicarbonate, grass hay und untreated bagasse on the performance of growing zebu cattle fed steam treated sugarcane bagasse

Resumos

Crude sugarcane bagasse (BIN) with and without the addition of sodium bicarbonate was evaluated as a substitute for grass hay as source of long fiber in ruminant diets balanced with high proportions of steam pressure treated sugarcane bagasse (BAH, 17kgf/cm² for 6 minutes). The basal ration (I) had 54% BAH; 10% corn grain; 25% cottonseed meal; 8% grass hay, 0.9% limestone; 0.5% urea; and 1.5% mineral premix, dry basis. In rations II and III, grass hay was replaced by BIN and BIN plus sodium bicarbonate (1.1%, dry basis) respectively. Nelore bull and heifer calves (18 animals each sex) with 199kg average weight and 11 months average age were used in a factorial design (3 rations and 2 sexes), with two animals per plot. The adaptation and experimental periods were 15 and 87 days respectively. The results for LWG (kg/day), DM intake (% LW), DM conversion (kg DM/kg LWG), and fecal pH were: 0.909; 2.79; 7.41 and 6.46 for ration I; 0.867; 2.65; 7.24; and 6.57 for ration II; and 1.019; 2.88; 7.03 and 6.75 for ration III respectively. Ration III was superior to rations I and II for LWG (P < 0.05) and showed higher fecal pH than ration I (P < 0.05). Bull calves were superior to heifer calves for LWG (1,044 vs 0,820; P < 0.01) and DM conversion (6.7 vs 7.7kg MS/kg GPV; P < 0.01). A significant negative correlation (P < 0.05) was observed between DM conversion and fecal pH (r =-0.50). The high levels of dry matter intake (2.8% LW), the low BAH pH (2.9 to 3.4) and the apparent low rumination activity observed during the experiment suggest that rumen and lower tract pH can be limitant factors in diets with high proportions of BAH as those used in this experiment.

steam treated bagasse; fiber source; sodium bicarbonate; performance; growing cattle

ARTIGOS ARTICLES

NUTRIÇÃO ANIMAL ANIMAL NUTRITION

Efeito de bicarbonato de sódio, feno e bagaço "in natura" sobre a digestibilidade e o desempenho de zebuínos em crescimento alimentados com bagaço de cana auto-hidrolisado

Effect of sodium bicarbonate, grass hay und untreated bagasse on the performance of growing zebu cattle fed steam treated sugarcane bagasse

D.P.D. Lanna^I; C. Boin^II

^IEng° Agr°, MS, Bolsista do CNPq

^IIDepartamento de Zootecnia da E.S.A. "Luiz de Queiroz" da Universidade de São Paulo - 13.400 - Piracicaba, SP

RESUMO

O bagaço de cana-de-açúcar "in natura" (BIN) associado ou não ao bicarbonato de sódio foi testado como substituto do feno de gramínea como fonte de fibra longa para rações de ruminantes balanceadas com altas proporções de bagaço auto-hidrolisado (BAH). A ração básica (I) continha 54% BAH; 10% milho grão; 25% farelo de algodão; 8% feno de gramínea; 0,9% calcáreo; 0,5% uréia; e 1,5% premix mineral, base seca. As rações II e III continham BIN e BIN mais bicarbonato de sódio (1,1%, base seca) respectivamente em substituição ao feno de gramínea da ração I. Foram usados bovinos Nelore machos não castrados e fêmeas (18 de cada sexo) em crescimento com médias iniciais de peso vivo e idade de 199 kg e 11 meses. O delineamento estatístico usado foi um fatorial com 3 rações e dois sexos, com dois animais por parcela. O período de adaptação foi de 15 dias e o experimental de 87 dias. Os dados para GPV (kg/dia); ingestão de MS (% PV); conversão alimentar (kg MS/Kg GPV); e pH fecal foram de: 0,909; 2,79; 7,41; e 6,46 para a ração I; 0,867; 2,65; 7,24; e 6,57 para a ração II; e 1,019; 2,88; 7,03 e 6,73 para a ração III. A ração III foi superior rações I e II para ganho de peso (P < 0,05), e apresentou um pH fecal maior do que o da ração I (P < 0,05). Os machos foram superiores às fêmeas em ganho de peso (1,044 vs 0,820; P < 0,01) e conversão alimentar (6,7vs7,7kg MS/Kg GPV; P < 0,01). Foi observada uma correlação negativa signi ficativa (P < 0,05) entre conversão alimentar e pH fecal (r =-0,50). Os elevados níveis de consumo (2,8% PV), o baixo pH do BAH (2,9 a 3,4), e a aparente baixa atividade de ruminação observados sugerem que o pH, a nível de rume e de trato digestivo inferior, é um fator limitante em dietas com altas proporções de BAH.

Termos para indexação: bagaço auto-hidrolisado, fonte fibra, bicarbonato sódio, desempenho, bovinos crescimento.

ABSTRACT

Crude sugarcane bagasse (BIN) with and without the addition of sodium bicarbonate was evaluated as a substitute for grass hay as source of long fiber in ruminant diets balanced with high proportions of steam pressure treated sugarcane bagasse (BAH, 17kgf/cm² for 6 minutes). The basal ration (I) had 54% BAH; 10% corn grain; 25% cottonseed meal; 8% grass hay, 0.9% limestone; 0.5% urea; and 1.5% mineral premix, dry basis. In rations II and III, grass hay was replaced by BIN and BIN plus sodium bicarbonate (1.1%, dry basis) respectively. Nelore bull and heifer calves (18 animals each sex) with 199kg average weight and 11 months average age were used in a factorial design (3 rations and 2 sexes), with two animals per plot. The adaptation and experimental periods were 15 and 87 days respectively. The results for LWG (kg/day), DM intake (% LW), DM conversion (kg DM/kg LWG), and fecal pH were: 0.909; 2.79; 7.41 and 6.46 for ration I; 0.867; 2.65; 7.24; and 6.57 for ration II; and 1.019; 2.88; 7.03 and 6.75 for ration III respectively. Ration III was superior to rations I and II for LWG (P < 0.05) and showed higher fecal pH than ration I (P < 0.05). Bull calves were superior to heifer calves for LWG (1,044 vs 0,820; P < 0.01) and DM conversion (6.7 vs 7.7kg MS/kg GPV; P < 0.01). A significant negative correlation (P < 0.05) was observed between DM conversion and fecal pH (r =-0.50). The high levels of dry matter intake (2.8% LW), the low BAH pH (2.9 to 3.4) and the apparent low rumination activity observed during the experiment suggest that rumen and lower tract pH can be limitant factors in diets with high proportions of BAH as those used in this experiment.

Index terms: steam treated bagasse, fiber source, sodium bicarbonate, performance , growing cattle.

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Entregue para publicação em: 01/06/90

Aprovado para publicação em: 11/01/91

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Datas de Publicação

• Publicação nesta coleção
  06 Maio 2009
• Data do Fascículo
  1990

Histórico

• Aceito
  11 Jan 1991
• Recebido
  01 Jun 1990