Plant extracts with potential to control of two-spotted spider mite

Tabet, Vinicius Gomes; Vieira, Marineide Rosa; Martins, Gustavo Luis Mamoré; Sousa, Cristiane Gabas Negrão Milan de

doi:10.1590/1808-1657000762015

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SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE, AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY • Arq. Inst. Biol. 85 • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657000762015 copy

Plant extracts with potential to control of two-spotted spider mite

Extratos vegetais com potencial de uso no controle do ácaro rajado

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a species of great economic importance to Brazil. In its control, the main option is the use of synthetic miticides, which, if used indiscriminately, can contaminate the environment, farmers and consumers. In the search for control alternatives, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of plant extracts and essential oils on females of this pest. For this, T. urticae females, reared in laboratory, were sprayed in Potter tower. Fourteen plants were tested in the form of aqueous extracts (AE), hydroethanolic extracts (HE) or essential oils (EO). The experimental plot consisted of a Petri dish with a Canavalia ensiformis L. leaf disk containing five T. urticae females, using ten plates per treatment. Mortality evaluations were performed 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours after spraying, recording the number of dead females on the disc and the number of dead females on the moistened cotton. We considered that females found on cotton were repelled by treatments. Matricaria chamomilla L. HE and Pimpinella anisum L. AE have acaricidal effect for females, providing above 83% of mortality, after 120 hours. Origanum vulgare L. HE causes at least 75% mortality after 24 hours. Also 120 hours after spraying, P. anisum HE and O. vulgare AE cause repellency of females above 16%, and A. absinthium HE exceeds 22% for this parameter. The results stimulate further researches to determine the optimum dose and evaluation of additional effects on the fertility of surviving females.

KEYWORDS:
alternative control; Matricaria chamomilla; Origanum vulgare; Pimpinella anisum; Tetranychus urticae

Species	Common name	Plant part used	Material tested
Experiment 1 (five treatments)
Mentha spicata X suaveolens	Spearmint	Aerial parts	AE and HE
Experiment 2 (seven treatments)
Lafoensia pacari Saint-Hilaire		Aerial parts	AE and HE
Origanum vulgare L.	Oregano	Leaves	AE and HE
Experiment 3 (seven treatments)
Melissa officinalis L.	Lemon balm	Aerial parts	AE and HE
Cymbopogon citratus (D.C.) Stapf	Lemon grass	Aerial parts	AE and HE
Experiment 4 (seven treatments)
Matricaria chamomilla L.	Chamomile	Aerial parts	AE and HE
Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville		Bark	AE and HE
Experiment 5 (seven treatments)
Pimpinella anisum L.	Anise	Aerial parts	AE and HE
Cinnamomum sp.	Cinnamon	Bark and leaves	EO
Eugenia caryophyllus (Spreng.) Bullock & S. G. Harrison	Clove	Leaves	EO
Experiment 6 (nine treatments)
Artemisia absinthium L.	Wormwood	Aerial parts	AE and HE
Melissa officinalis L.	Lemon balm	Aerial parts	EO
Citrus limonum Risso	Lemon	Fruit peel	EO
Thymus vulgaris L.	Thyme	Aerial parts	EO
Rosmarinus officinalis L.	Rosemary	Aerial parts	EO

Treatments	Mortality				Repellence
	R1		R2		R1		R2
	Dead females	CPM %	Dead females	CPM %	Females on the cotton	CPR %	Females on the cotton	CPR %
Experiment 1
Water	1.4 c		1.7 b		0.1 c		0.1
70% alcohol	1.9 bc		2.4 b		0.1 c		0.3
M. spicata X suaveolens AE	3.8 a	66.7	4.6 a	87.9	1.1 ab	20.4	0.4	6.1
M. spicata X suaveolens HE	3.1 ab	38.7	4.1 a	64.0	1.9 a	36.7	0.9	12.8
Chemical control	4.2 a	77.8	4.6 a	87.9	0.5 bc	8.2	0.3	4.1
CV (%)	15.5		8.1		19.6		20.3
Experiment 2
Water	1.4 c		0.7 c		0.3		0.0 b
70% alcohol	2.2 bc		1.4 c		0.3		0.0 b
L. pacari AE	3.8 a	66.7	3.2 b	58.1	0.4	2.1	0.4 ab	8.0
L. pacari HE	3.8 a	57.1	4.7 a	91.7	0.4	2.1	0.2 ab	4.0
O. vulgare AE	3.6 ab	61.1	3.9 ab	74.4	1.1	17.0	0.8 a	16.0
O. vulgare HE	4.6 a	75.0	4.6 a	88.9	0.6	6.4	0.4 ab	8.0
Chemical control	4.8 a	94.4	4.6 a	90.7	0.2	0.0	0.1 b	2.0
CV (%)	14.3		11.2		22.8		16.5
Experiment 3
Water	0.8 d		1.0 d		0.4 b		0.0 b
70% alcohol	1.4 cd		1.1 cd		0.0 b		0.1 ab
M. officinalis AE	2.9 b	50.0	4.5 a	87.5	0.8 ab	8.7	0.0 b	0.0
M.officinalis HE	3.7 ab	63.9	4.2 a	79.5	1.3 a	26.0	0.5 ab	8.2
C. citratus AE	2.4 bc	38.1	2.2 bc	30.0	0.8 ab	8.7	0.2 ab	4.0
C. citratus HE	3.4 ab	55.6	3.5 ab	61.5	1.4 a	28.0	0.6 a	10.2
Chemical control	4.8 a	95.2	4.9 a	97.5	0.2 b	0.0	0.1 ab	2.0
CV (%)	13.6		13.3		18.8		16.4

Treatments	Mortality				Repellence
	R1		R2		R1		R2
	Dead females	CPM %	Dead females	CPM %	Females on the cotton	CPR %	Females on the cotton	CPR %
Experiment 4
Water	0.6 e		0.6 d		0.1 a		0.0
70% alcohol	1.0 de		0.8 d		0.5 a		0.1
M. chamomilla AE	2.7 bc	47.7	2.7 bc	47.7	0.1 a	0.0	0.2	4.0
M. chamomilla HE	4.7 a	92.5	4.4 ab	85.7	0.3 a	0.0	0.4	6.1
S. adstringens AE	1.6 cd	22.7	1.5 cd	20.5	0.7 a	12.2	0.3	6.0
S. adstringens HE	3.0 b	50.0	2.2 c	33.3	0.7 a	4.4	0.1	0.0
Chemical control	4.9 a	97.7	4.8 a	95.5	0.1 a	0.0	0.1	2.0
CV (%)	13.1		18.5		18.0		15.5
Experiment 5
Water	0.8 b		0.8 b		0.1 b		0.2 bc
70% alcohol	0.7 b		0.7 b		0.0 b		0.0 c
P. anisum AE	4.8 a	95.2	4.3 a	83.3	0.2 b	2.0	0.6 abc	8.3
P. anisum HE	3.7 a	69.8	3.6 a	67.4	0.9 a	18.0	1.3 a	26.0
C. zeylanicum EO	0.6 b	0.0	0.7 b	0.0	0.1 b	0.0	0.2 bc	0.0
E. caryophyllus EO	1.0 b	7.0	1.2 b	11.6	0.3 ab	6.0	0.8 ab	16.0
Chemical control	4.6 a	90.5	4.7 a	92.9	0.2 b	2.0	0.1 bc	0.0
CV (%)	13.0		14.6		16.6		18.0
Experiment 6
Water	0.4 c		0.4 c		0.1 b		0.1 b
70% alcohol	1.1 bc		1.5 b		0.0 b		0.0 b
A. absinthium AE	4.5 a	89.1	3.5 a	67.4	0.4 b	6.1	0.5 ab	8.2
A. absinthium HE	3.9 a	71.8	3.5 a	57.1	1.1 a	22.0	1.2 a	24.0
R. officinalis EO	1.5 b	23.9	0.9 bc	10.9	0.2 b	2.0	0.1 b	0.0
M. officinalis EO	0.9 bc	10.9	0.9 bc	10.9	0.5 ab	8.2	0.1 b	0.0
C. limonum EO	1.6 b	26.1	1.1 bc	15.2	0.1 b	0.0	0.1 b	0.0
T. vulgaris EO	1.6 b	26.1	1.0 bc	13.0	0.1 b	0.0	0.0 b	0.0
Chemical control	4.2 a	82.6	4.8 a	95.7	0.4 b	6.1	0.1 b	0.0
CV (%)	15.3		15.1		16.0		15.6

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[1] *Corresponding author: marineide.vieira@unesp.br