Dinâmica da regeneração natural após distúrbio em uma remanescente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista no Sul do Brasil

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as alterações ocorridas, no período de 2012 a 2016, na estrutura da regeneração natural de um remanescente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista, sem intervenções há mais de 40 anos. Em relação a dinâmica da composição florística da regeneração natural, houve a saída de 18 espécies (23,38% do total) e a entrada de 27 novas espécies (35,06% do total). Os maiores acréscimos foram observados para Allophylus edulis, Myrsine umbellata e Miconia cinerascens. Analisando a dinâmica da regeneração em grupos ecológicos, observou-se que as espécies pioneiras tiveram um valor similar em ambos os levantamentos (29,4 a 29,6%). As espécies secundárias decresceram de 56,6% para 52,8%. E as espécies de sucessão tardia aumentaram de 0,2 a 6,0%. Logo, o remanescente estudado encontra-se em fase de cicatrização de distúrbio, caracterizada pelo aumento da regeneração de espécies pioneiras, uma vez que há quantidade suficiente de luminosidade incidindo no interior da floresta.

Palavras-chave:
estágios de sucessão; estrutura horizontal; ingresso; mortalidade

Autoria

Alyne Regina Ruggiero

Departamento de Engenharia Florestal. Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB), Rua São Paulo, n° 3250, CEP: 89030-080, Blumenau, SC, Brazil. E-mail: alyne.cena@gmail.com, lschorn@furb.br, kristianafiorentin@gmail.com, tfenilli@furb.br Universidade Regional de BlumenauBrazilBlumenau, SC, BrazilDepartamento de Engenharia Florestal. Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB), Rua São Paulo, n° 3250, CEP: 89030-080, Blumenau, SC, Brazil. E-mail: alyne.cena@gmail.com, lschorn@furb.br, kristianafiorentin@gmail.com, tfenilli@furb.br

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5973-2810

Lauri Amândio Schorn

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3732-5354

Kristiana Fiorentin dos Santos ^**Corresponding author: Kristiana Fiorentin dos Santos, e-mail: kristianafiorentin@gmail.com

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8244-5120

Tatiele Anete Bergamo Fenilli

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3474-5935

^*Corresponding author: Kristiana Fiorentin dos Santos, e-mail: kristianafiorentin@gmail.com

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figuras | Tabelas

Figuras (3)
Tabelas (3)

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Figure 1.
Geographic location of the plots in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

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Figure 2.
Relative natural regeneration by ecological groups in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil. P: Pioneers species; SE: Secondary species; LS: late-successional species; ND: Ecological group not defined.

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Figure 3.

Average rates of change in the regenerative stratum by ecological groups in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

P: Pioneers species; SE: Secondary species; LS: late-successional species; ND: Ecological group not defined.

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Table 1.
Floristic and structural descriptors evaluated for natural regeneration in 2012 and 2016 in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

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Table 2.
Phytosociological parameters of 20 species of greatest of values relative natural regeneration in 2012 and 2016 in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

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Table 3.
Dynamics of the structure of the regenerative stratum in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

Figure 1. Geographic location of the plots in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

Figure 2. Relative natural regeneration by ecological groups in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil. P: Pioneers species; SE: Secondary species; LS: late-successional species; ND: Ecological group not defined.

Figure 3.
Average rates of change in the regenerative stratum by ecological groups in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

P: Pioneers species; SE: Secondary species; LS: late-successional species; ND: Ecological group not defined.

Table 1. Floristic and structural descriptors evaluated for natural regeneration in 2012 and 2016 in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

Descriptors evaluated	2012	2016
Number of species	50	59
Number of genres	43	37
Number of families	29	24
Shannons diversity index (H')	3.15	3.26
Pielous equability index (J')	0.81	0.79
Simpsons diversity index (D)	0.94	0.94
Number of individuals per hectare	12,382	12,313

Table 2. Phytosociological parameters of 20 species of greatest of values relative natural regeneration in 2012 and 2016 in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

SPECIES	AD (n ha^-1)		RD (%)		AF (%)		RF (%)		ASC		RSC (%)		ANR		RNR (%)
SPECIES	2012	2016	2012	2016	2012	2016	2012	2016	2012	2016	2012	2016	2012	2016	2012	2016
Allophylus edulis (A.St.-Hil., Cambess. & A. Juss.) Radlk.	1248.4	1707.0	10.1	13.9	65.0	65.0	5.9	7.6	22.5	29.1	10.3	15.0	445.3	600.4	8.7	12.1
Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H.Rainer	382.2	484.1	3.1	3.9	40.0	25.0	3.6	2.9	7.2	8.6	3.3	4.4	143.1	172.6	3.3	3.8
Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol) Kuntze	535.0	331.2	4.3	2.7	35.0	35.0	3.2	4.1	9.4	5.9	4.3	3.0	193.2	124.0	3.9	3.3
Brunfelsia pilosa Plowman	51.0	229.3	0.4	1.9	10.0	20.0	0.9	2.3	1.1	4.1	0.5	2.1	20.7	84.5	0.6	2.1
Campomanesia guaviroba (DC.) Kiaersk.	25.5	101.9	0.2	0.8	5.0	10.0	0.5	1.2	0.4	1.4	0.2	0.7	10.3	37.8	0.3	0.9
Casearia decandra Jacq.	1095.5	917.2	8.8	7.4	80.0	45.0	7.2	5.3	20.6	15.8	9.4	8.1	398.7	326.0	8.5	6.9
Casearia obliqua Spreng.	51.0	25.5	0.4	0.2	10.0	5.0	0.9	0.6	1.1	0.1	0.5	0.0	20.7	10.2	0.6	0.3
Cinnamodendron dinisii Schwacke	229.3	382.2	1.9	3.1	30.0	35.0	2.7	4.1	3.8	6.4	1.7	3.3	87.7	141.2	2.1	3.5
Cupania vernalis Cambess.	458.6	76.4	3.7	0.6	40.0	10.0	3.6	1.2	7.3	1.4	3.3	0.7	168.6	29.3	3.5	0.8
Eugenia sp.	1579.6	738.9	12.8	6.0	90.0	40.0	8.1	4.7	28.2	12.4	12.9	6.4	565.9	263.7	11.2	5.7
Eugenia uniflora L.	203.8	305.7	1.6	2.5	30.0	30.0	2.7	3.5	4.1	4.6	1.9	2.4	79.3	113.4	2.1	2.8
Luehea divaricata Mart. & Zucc.	25.5	76.4	0.2	0.6	5.0	15.0	0.5	1.8	0.5	0.6	0.2	0.3	10.3	30.7	0.3	0.9
Matayba elaeagnoides Radlk.	993.6	789.8	8.0	6.4	70.0	60.0	6.3	7.0	16.1	10.2	7.4	5.2	359.9	286.7	7.2	6.2
Miconia cinerascens Miq.	101.9	509.6	0.8	4.1	15.0	10.0	1.4	1.2	2.0	6.6	0.9	3.4	39.6	175.4	1.0	2.9
Myrsine umbellata Mart.	866.2	1197.5	7.0	9.7	55.0	55.0	5.0	6.4	15.5	19.2	7.1	9.9	312.2	423.9	6.3	8.7
Podocarpus lambertii Klotzsch ex Endl.	178.3	101.9	1.4	0.8	15.0	10.0	1.4	1.2	2.3	1.5	1.0	0.8	65.2	37.8	1.3	0.9
Roupala montana Aubl.	152.9	51.0	1.2	0.4	25.0	10.0	2.3	1.2	2.3	0.6	1.1	0.3	60.1	20.5	1.5	0.6
Rudgea parquioides (Cham.) Müll.Arg.	433.1	356.7	3.5	2.9	50.0	30.0	4.5	3.5	7.9	6.3	3.6	3.2	163.7	131.0	3.9	3.2
Sebastiana brasiliensis Spreng.	687.9	687.9	5.6	5.6	45.0	25.0	4.1	2.9	13.9	11.3	6.4	5.8	248.9	241.4	5.3	4.8
Styrax leprosus Hook. & Arn.	433.1	254.8	3.5	2.1	50.0	25.0	4.5	2.9	7.2	4.5	3.3	2.3	163.4	94.8	3.8	2.4

AD: absolute density; RD: relative density; AF: absolute frequency; RF: relative frequency; ASC: absolute size class; RSC: relative size class; ANR: absolute natural regeneration; RNR: relative natural regeneration.

Table 3. Dynamics of the structure of the regenerative stratum in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

SPECIES	RD (%)		RF (%)		RSC (%)		RNR (%)		CHANGES
SPECIES	2012	2016	2012	2016	2012	2016	2012	2016	RNR (%)
Allophylus edulis (A.St.-Hil., Cambess. & A. Juss.) Radlk.	10.1	13.9	5.9	7.6	10.2	15.0	8.7	12.1	3.4
Allophylus guaraniticus (A. St.-Hil.) Radlk.		5.2		4.7		5.6		5.2
Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H.Rainer	3.1	3.9	3.6	2.9	3.3	4.4	3.3	3.8	0.5
Araucaria angustifólia (Bertol) Kuntze	4.3	2.7	3.2	4.1	4.3	3.0	3.9	3.3	-0.6
Baccharis dentata (Vell.) G.Barroso		0.6		0.6		0.5		0.6
Bernardia pulchella (Baill.) Müll.Arg	0.2	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.2	0.5	0.3	0.5	0.2
Brunfelsia cuneifólia J.A.Schmidt		0.6		1.2		0.7		0.8
Brunfelsia pilosa Plowman	0.4	1.9	0.9	2.3	0.5	2.1	0.6	2.1	1.5
Calyptranthes concinna DC.	2.1		3.2		2.1		2.4
Campomanesia guaviroba (DC.) Kiaersk.	0.2	0.8	0.5	1.2	0.2	0.7	0.3	0.9	0.6
Capsicum sp.	0.2		0.5		0.2		0.3
Casearia decandra Jacq.	8.8	7.4	7.2	5.3	9.4	8.1	8.5	6.9	-1.6
Casearia obliqua Spreng.	0.4	0.2	0.9	0.6	0.5	0.0	0.6	0.3	-0.3
Cinnamodendron dinisii Schwacke	1.9	3.1	2.7	4.1	1.7	3.3	2.1	3.5	1.4
Cinnamomum amoenum (Nees & Mart.) Kosterm.		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
Citronella gongonha (Mart.) R.A.Howard	0.2		0.5		0.2		0.3
Cupania vernalis Cambess.	3.7	0.6	3.6	1.2	3.3	0.7	3.5	0.8	-2.7
Dalbergia frutescens (Vell.) Britton	0.4		0.5		0.4		0.4
Daphnopsis racemosa Griseb.	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.0
Drimys brasiliensis Miers	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.0
Eugenia pyriformis Cambess.	0.2		0.5		0.2		0.3
Eugenia rostrifolia D.Legrand	2.3	0.2	2.7	0.6	2.3	0.2	2.4	0.3	-2.1
Eugenia uniflora L.	1.6	2.5	2.7	3.5	1.9	2.4	2.1	2.8	0.7
Eugenia sp.	12.8	6.0	8.1	4.7	12.8	6.4	11.2	5.7	-5.5
Ilex theezans Mart. ex Reissek	1.2		1.8		1.3		1.4
Lamanonia ternata Vell.	0.2		0.5		0.2		0.3
Leandra regnellii (Triana) Cogn.		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
Ligustrum lucidum W.T.Aiton		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
Lonchocarpus campestris Mart. ex Benth	0.4		0.5		0.4		0.4
Lonchocarpus latifolius (Willd.) DC.		0.4		0.6		0.5		0.5
Luehea divaricata Mart. & Zucc.	0.2	0.6	0.5	1.8	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.9	0.6
Matayba elaeagnoides Radlk.	8.0	6.4	6.3	7.0	7.4	5.2	7.2	6.2	-1.0
Maytenus aquifolia Mart.	0.2		0.5		0.2		0.3
Miconia cinerascens Miq.	0.8	4.1	1.4	1.2	0.9	3.4	1.0	2.9	1.9
Mimosa scabrella Benth.	0.2		0.5		0.2		0.3
Myrceugenia mesomischa (Burret) D. Legrand et Kausel		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
Myrceugenia sp.	0.4		0.9		0.4		0.6
Myrcia glabra (O.Berg) D. Legrand		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
Myrcia hartwegiana (O.Berg) Kiaersk.		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
Myrcianthes pungens (O.Berg) D.Legrand	0.4		0.9		0.5		0.6
Myrocarpus frondosus Allemão	1.2		0.9		1.4		1.2
Myrsine lorentziana (Mez) Arechav.		0.4		0.6		0.5		0.5
Myrsine sp.	0.2		0.5		0.2		0.3
Myrsine umbellata Mart.	7.0	9.9	5.0	7.0	7.1	10.1	6.3	9.0	2.7
Nectandra lanceolata Nees	0.2	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.2	0.5	0.3	0.5	0.2
Nectandra megapotamica (Spreng.) Mez	2.7	1.2	2.3	2.3	2.0	1.4	2.3	1.7	-0.6
Ocotea puberula (Rich.) Nees.	1.2	0.2	2.3	0.6	0.7	0.2	1.4	0.3	-1.1
Ocotea pulchella (Nees) Mez	4.3	0.2	4.5	0.6	4.4	0.2	4.4	0.3	-4.1
Ocotea pulchra Vattimo-Gil		0.8		1.8		0.9		1.2
Ocotea sp.		0.4		1.2		0.5		0.7
Pavonia sepium A.St.-Hil.		1.2		1.2		1.2		1.2
Pera glabrata (Schott) Poepp. ex Baill.	0.2		0.5		0.2		0.3
Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) Landrum		0.4		0.6		0.5		0.5
Piptocarpha angustifolia Dusén ex Malme	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.0
Podocarpus lambertii Klotzsch ex Endl.	1.4	0.8	1.4	1.2	1.0	0.8	1.3	0.9	-0.4
Prunus myrtifolia (L.) Urb.	0.8		1.8		0.9		1.2
US - 1		0.6		1.2		0.7		0.8
US - 2		0.8		1.2		0.9		1.0
US - 3		0.4		0.6		0.5		0.5
US - 4		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
US - 5		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
US - 6		0.6		0.6		0.7		0.6
US - 7		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
US - 8		0.4		0.6		0.3		0.4
US - 9	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.0
Roupala montana Aubl.	1.2	0.4	2.3	1.2	1.1	0.3	1.5	0.6	-0.9
Rudgea parquioides (Cham.) Müll.Arg	3.5	2.9	4.5	3.5	3.6	3.2	3.9	3.2	-0.7
Schaefferia argentinensis Speg.		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
Sebastiania brasiliensis Spreng.	5.6	5.6	4.1	2.9	6.3	5.8	5.3	4.8	-0.5
Sebastiania commersoniana (Baill.)		4.2		1.2		0.7		2.0
L.B. Sm. & Downs
Seguieria aculeata Jacq.	0.2		0.5		0.2		0.3
Strychnos brasiliensis (Spreng.) Mart.	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.0
Styrax leprosus Hook. & Arn.	3.5	2.1	4.5	2.9	3.3	2.3	3.8	2.4	-1.4
Trichilia elegans A. Juss.		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
Xylosma ciliatifolia (Clos) Eichler	0.4		0.9		0.4		0.6
Zanthoxylum kleinii (R.S.Cowan) P.G.Waterman	0.2	0.6	0.5	1.2	0.2	0.7	0.3	0.8	0.5
Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam.		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3

RD: relative density; RF: relative frequency; RSC: relative size class; RNR: relative natural regeneration; US: unidentified species.

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Dinâmica da regeneração natural após distúrbio em uma remanescente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista no Sul do Brasil

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[1] ^*Corresponding author: Kristiana Fiorentin dos Santos, e-mail: kristianafiorentin@gmail.com