Spanish version of the Frontotemporal Dementia Knowledge Scale: adaptation and validation

Guimet, Nahuel Magrath; Calandri, Ismael Luis; Bagnati, Pablo Miguel; Wynn, Matthew; Allegri, Ricardo Francisco

doi:10.1590/0004-282X-ANP-2020-0550

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Article • Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr. 80 (1) • Jan 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X-ANP-2020-0550 copy

Spanish version of the Frontotemporal Dementia Knowledge Scale: adaptation and validation

Versión en español de la escala de conocimiento sobre demencia frontotemporal: adaptación y validación

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Background:

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disease and is one of the most common causes of dementia in people under 65. There is often a significant diagnostic delay, as FTD can be confused with other psychiatric conditions. A lack of knowledge regarding FTD by health professionals is one possible cause for this diagnostic confusion.

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the Frontotemporal Dementia Knowledge Scale (FTDKS) in Spanish.

Methods:

A translation was done, following cross-cultural adaptation guidelines, which consisted of forward translation, blind back translation, and an analysis by a committee of experts. For the present study, 134 professionals from different health areas responded the Spanish version of the FTDKS. The statistical analysis was performed using R version 4.0.0 “Arbor day” and the Psych, sjPlot packages.

Results:

The Spanish version of the FTDKS had good reliability and internal consistency (Cronbach alpha 0.74.). The sample's mean score was 19.78 (range = 4-32, SD 6.3) out of a maximum of 36 points.

Conclusions:

The results obtained show that the Spanish version has good psychometric properties. The FTDKS is applicable in our environment and can be a useful tool to evaluate the knowledge of health professionals regarding frontotemporal dementia.

Keywords:
Frontotemporal Dementia; Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration; Aphasia; Dementia; Diagnostic Errors; Neuropsychiatry

Item	Statement	Mean	Standard deviation	Skew	Item difficulty	Item discrimination	Α if deleted
1	La Demencia Frontotemporal (DFT) es una variante de la Enfermedad de Alzheimer (Frontotemporal dementiais a type of Alzheimer disease) (F)	1.66	0.68	-1.77	0.83	0.39	0.72
2	Para la mayoría de las personas con DFT los síntomas aparecen antes de los 65 años de edad (For the majority of people with frontotemporal dementia, symptoms appear before they are 65 years old) (T)	1.25	0.85	-0.5	0.62	0.32	0.72
3	Entre todas las personas con demencia, un 5 a 10% de ellos tiene demencia frontotemporal (Among all people with dementia, 5-10% of them have frontotemporal dementia) (F)	0.31	0.65	1.87	0.16	0.02	0.74
4	Las personas que rondan los treinta años de edad pueden tener demencia frontotemporal (People in theirthirties can developsymptomsof frontotemporal dementia) (T)	0.9	0.84	0.2	0.45	0.21	0.73
5	La pérdida de memoria es un problema mayor en la demencia frontotemporal (Memory loss is a major symptom of frontotemporal dementia) (F)	1.37	0.86	-0.81	0.69	0.32	0.72
6	La demencia frontotemporal puede ser transmitida genéticamente de los padres a los hijos (Frontotemporal dementia can be passed down from parent to child) (T)	0.87	0.84	0.24	0.44	0.30	0.73
7	Dentro de las personas menores de 60 años de edad, la demencia frontotemporal es tan común como la enfermedad de Alzheimer (Among people under 60 y old, frontotemporal dementia is about as common as Alzheimer disease) (T)	0.63	0.82	0.77	0.32	0.28	0.73
8	Los estudios de neuroimagenes (tomografía y/o resonancia magnética) pueden por sí solos decir si una persona tiene demencia frontotemporal (The results of a brain scan by itself can tell you whether a person has frontotemporal dementia) (F)	1.39	0.87	-0.85	0.69	0.3	0.73
9	La personas con demencia frontotemporal tienen mejor desempeño cuando deben elegir entre varias opciones predefinidas (People with frontotemporal dementia do best when given choices among many options) (F)	0.84	0.92	0.33	0.42	0.23	0.73
10	Existen tratamientos para disminuir la velocidad de progresión de la demencia frontotemporal (There are treatments to slow down frontotemporal dementia) (F)	0.76	0.87	0.49	0.38	0.38	0.72
11	Luego de que aparecen los primeros síntomas de demencia frontotemporal, la expectativa de vida media es de 7 a 13 años (After symptoms of frontotemporal dementi aappear, the average life expectancy is 7 to 13 years) (T)	1.09	0.85	-0.17	0.54	0.27	0.73
12	Basándose en la edad, es más probable que desarrollen demencia frontotemporal las personas que rondan los 70 años de edad en comparación con las personas que rondan los 50 años (On the basis of their age, people who are 70 years old are more likely to develop frontotemporal dementia than people who are 50 years old) (F)	1.05	0.91	-0.1	0.53	0.52	0.70
13	En línea general los cuidadores de personas con demencia frontotemporal reportan mayores niveles de estrés que los cuidadores con otras formas de demencia (On average, caregivers of people with frontotemporal dementia report more stress than caregivers of people with other dementias) (T)	1.43	0.75	-0.88	0.71	0.20	0.73
14	Las medicaciones diseñadas para mejorar la cognición y memoria en personas con Alzheimer son también apropiadas para personas con demencia frontotemporal (Medications designed to improve memory and thinking in people with Alzheimer disease are also appropriate for people with frontotemporal dementia) (F)	1.02	0.9	-0.04	0.51	0.40	0.72
15	Las variantes del lenguaje de la demencia frontotemporal son más comunes que la variante conductual (The language variant of frontotemporal dementia is more common than the behavioral variant) (F)	1.22	0.85	-0.43	0.61	0.43	0.71
16	Los pacientes con la variante conductual de la demencia frontotemporal suelen tener dificultad en evocar eventos del pasado (People with the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia have difficulty remembering events from the past (F)	1.19	0.89	-0.38	0.59	0.43	0.71
17	Las personas con la varianteconductual de la demencia frontotemporal en general carecen de interés en las cosas que antes disfrutaban (People with the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia lack interest in things they used to find enjoyable) (T)	1.58	0.66	-1.32	0.79	0.20	0.73
18	Las personas con las variantes del lenguaje de la demencia frontotemporal son capaces de leer y escribir sin dificultad (People with the language variant of frontotemporal dementia are able to read and write without difficulty) (F)	1.22	0.88	-0.46	0.61	0.32	0.72

Characteristics	Total (n=100)
Age (years)	Mean (SD)	42.9 (12.5)
Sex	Female	78%
Education level	Ph.D., Master or Fellowship	41 (30.59%)
	Residency (complete)	39 (29.10%)
	Residency (undergoing)	10 (7.46%)
	University degree	44 (32.83%)
Professional discipline/specialty	Clinical psychologist	15 (11.19%)
	Neurologist	51 (38.05%)
	Neuropsychologist	10 (7.46%)
	Psychiatry	50 (37.31%)
	Other	8 (5.97%)
Years of experience in healthcare	0-4 years	31 (23.13%)
	5-10 years	40 (29.85%)
	>10 years	63 (47.01%)
Academical/research activity	Yes	73 (54.47%)
Health system	Private	77 (57.46%)
Practice setting	Outpatient clinic	113 (84.32%)
	Inpatient clinic	5 (3.73%)
	Emergency service	7 (5.22%)
	Chronic inpatient institution	9 (6.71%)
Patients seen per month	1-99	68 (50.74%)
	100-199	47 (35.07%)
	More than 200	19 (14.17%)
Perceived knowledge of FTD	None	3 (2.23%)
	A little	27 (20.14%)
	Moderate	81 (60.44%)
	A lot	22 (16.41%)
	Expert	1 (0.74%)
Experience in dementia	No experience	16 (11.94%)
	Some experience	44 (32.83%)
	Moderate experience	58 (43.28%)
	A lot of experience	12 (8.95%)
	Extensive experience	4 (2.98%)
Experience in FTD	No experience	39 (29.10%)
	Some experience	61 (45.52%)
	Moderate experience	30 (22.38%)
	A lot of experience	2 (1.49%)
	Extensive experience	2 (1.49%)

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[1] Correspondence:
Nahuel Magrath Guimet; Email: nahuel.magrath@gbhi.org.