Through information gathered at the statistical and medical register service it was done a descriptive study of some epidemiologic aspects of neurosyphilis at the Juliano Moreira Hospital (Bahia) in a period of 50 years (1930-1979). Coeficients of specific mortality were stablished. The distribution of the disease was analyzed according to sex, diagnosis in relation to the year, decades and periods before and after penicilinotherapy. Based on the results it is possible to conclude that: a) neurosyphilis has a cyclic character in epidemiologic level; b) women are more resistant or less exposed to the disease; c) males are more often affected; d) with the penicilinotherapy it was observed a progressive decrease of mortality; e) the last death caused by neurosyphilis at the Juliano Moreira Hospital occurred in 1971.