A brief analysis of the theories and applications of focused ultrasound in stereotaxic surgery is presented. A comparative analysis is made regarding the advantages of the use of focused ultrasound in relation to other stereotaxic techniques. Equipment and its utilization is also considered. The possibilities for the use of this type of irradiation in the treatment of hyperkinesias, commissurotomies, neuromas, lobotomies, tic douloureux, Menière's syndrome and in laboratory experiments are also mentioned.