Clinical and paraclinical study of a 4 years old child, female, who, after an acute encephalopathy process of unknown etiology, presented neuro-psyciatric syndrome similiar to these described by Klüver and Bucy in monkeys, after bilateral temporal lobectomy. The clinical picture was characterized by hipermetamorphosis, oral tendency, psychic blindness, with preservation of visual acuity and, apparently, of the visual fields, complete aphasia, absence of reaction to auditive and olfactory stimuli, absence of tactiles participation in object recognition and considerable emotional changes (there were no fear or anger reactions and no smiling or laughing were noticed). The patient was observed over a period of 7 months, during which the symptoms improved slightly. Pneumo-ventriculography, pneumocysternography and isotopoencephalometry showed that the fronto-temporal region was bilaterally affected. This finding, however, could not make clear the nature of the lesions and explain whether they resulted from lesions of the present disease or whether they were due to a brain disgenesy, since the patient had convulsions since her second year of age. In view of the importance of this case, some of the main psychopatholo-gical symptoms were commented in relation to brain physiopatological aspects.