Rolandic epilepsy and dyslexia

Oliveira, Ecila P.; Neri, Marina L.; Capelatto, Lívia L.; Guimarães, Catarina A.; Guerreiro, Marilisa M.

doi:10.1590/0004-282X20140141

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Articles • Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr. 72 (11) • Nov 2014 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20140141 linkcopy

Rolandic epilepsy and dyslexia

Epilepsia rolândica e dislexia

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective Although benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) is an idiopathic, age-related epilepsy syndrome with favorable outcome, recent studies have shown impairment in specific neuropsychological tests. The objective of this study was to analyze the comorbidity between dyslexia and BECTS.

Method Thirty-one patients with clinical and electroencephalographic diagnosis of BECTS (group A) and 31 paired children (group B) underwent a language and neuropsychological assessment performed with several standardized protocols. Our findings were categorized as: a) dyslexia; b) other difficulties; c) without difficulties. Our results were compared and statistically analyzed.

Results Our data showed that dyslexia occurred in 19.4% and other difficulties in 74.2% of our patients. This was highly significant when compared with the control group (p<0.001). Phonological awareness, writing, reading, arithmetic, and memory tests showed a statistically significant difference when comparing both groups.

Conclusion Our findings show significant evidence of the occurrence of dyslexia in patients with BECTS.

epilepsy; rolandic; dyslexia; childhood; BECTS

Group	DH
	Dyslexia*	OD	WD
A	6 (19.4%)	23 (74.20%)	2 (6.50%)
B	0 (0.0%)	11 (35.5%)	20 (64.50%)
Total	6 (9.70%)	34 (54.80%)	22 (35.50%)

	PAT (total-40)	Writing	Reading	Arithmetic	Verbal memory	Visual memory	Learning memory
A1	12	inferior	inferior	medium	abnormal	normal	normal
A2	17	inferior	inferior	medium	abnormal	normal	abnormal
A3	29	inferior	inferior	superior	abnormal	normal	abnormal
A4	32	inferior	medium	medium	abnormal	normal	normal
A5	15	inferior	inferior	medium	abnormal	normal	abnormal
A6	33	inferior	medium	superior	abnormal	normal	normal

	Groups	N	Mean	Standard-deviation	p*
PAT	A	31	73.70	20.60	0.001
PAT	B	31	86.93	4.48	0.001

APT	Group	Inferior	Medium	Superior	p*
Writing	A	20 (64.5%)	8 (25.8%)	3 (9.7%)	0.001
Writing	B	0 (0.0%)	12 (38.7%)	19 (61.3%)	0.001
Arithmetic	A	9 (29.0%)	19 (61.3%)	3 (9.7%)	0.187
Arithmetic	B	7 (22.6%)	15 (48.4%)	9 (29.0%)	0.187
Reading	A	18 (58.1%)	5 (16.1%)	8 (25.8%)	0.001
Reading	B	0 (0.0%)	12 (38.7%)	19 (61.3%)	0.001

Memory	Group	Normal	Abnormal	p*
Verbal	A	20 (76.9%)	6 (23.1%)	0.037
Verbal	B	25 (96.1%)	1 (3.9%)	0.037
Visual	A	22 (84.0%)	4 (16.0%)	0.554
Visual	B	25 (96.1%)	1 (3.9%)	0.554
Learning	A	18 (69.2%)	8 (30.8%)	0.097
Learning	B	20 (76.9%)	6 (23.1%)	0.097

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p<0.001. A: Patients with BECTS; B: Control group; DH: Diagnostic hypothesis; OD: Other difficulties, WD: Without difficulties. Chi-square test.