Nursing students’ knowledge and compliance with standard precautions

Lopes, Maria de Lourdes; Lima, Tallyne da Silva; Oliveira, Adélia Dalva da Silva; Amorim, Fernanda Cláudia Miranda; Sousa, Kayo Henrique Jardel Feitosa; Figueiró, Rachel Ferreira Savary; Zeitoune, Regina Célia Gollner; Damasceno, Carolinne Kilcia Carvalho Sena

doi:10.37689/acta-ape/2023AO01371

person Maria de Lourdes Lopes

contributed to the project design, data analysis and interpretation, article writing, relevant critical review of the intellectual content and version approval final to be published

schoolCentro Universitário Uninovafapi, Teresina, PI, Brazil.

0000-0002-9249-2406

person Tallyne da Silva Lima

contributed to the project design, data analysis and interpretation, article writing, relevant critical review of the intellectual content and version approval final to be published

schoolCentro Universitário Uninovafapi, Teresina, PI, Brazil.

0000-0003-3978-7878

person Adélia Dalva da Silva Oliveira

contributed to the project design, data analysis and interpretation, article writing, relevant critical review of the intellectual content and version approval final to be published

schoolCentro Universitário Uninovafapi, Teresina, PI, Brazil.

0000-0001-8344-9820

person Fernanda Cláudia Miranda Amorim

contributed to the project design, data analysis and interpretation, article writing, relevant critical review of the intellectual content and version approval final to be published

schoolCentro Universitário Uninovafapi, Teresina, PI, Brazil.

0000-0002-1648-5298

person Kayo Henrique Jardel Feitosa Sousa

contributed to the project design, data analysis and interpretation, article writing, relevant critical review of the intellectual content and version approval final to be published

schoolEscola de Enfermagem Anna Nery, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

0000-0002-0901-7752

person Rachel Ferreira Savary Figueiró

contributed to the project design, data analysis and interpretation, article writing, relevant critical review of the intellectual content and version approval final to be published

schoolEscola de Enfermagem Anna Nery, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

0000-0003-1470-7616

person Regina Célia Gollner Zeitoune

contributed to the project design, data analysis and interpretation, article writing, relevant critical review of the intellectual content and version approval final to be published

schoolEscola de Enfermagem Anna Nery, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

0000-0002-0276-8166

person Carolinne Kilcia Carvalho Sena Damasceno

contributed to the project design, data analysis and interpretation, article writing, relevant critical review of the intellectual content and version approval final to be published

schoolCentro Universitário Uninovafapi, Teresina, PI, Brazil.

0000-0001-5766-5984

Corresponding author: Kayo Henrique Jardel Feitosa Sousa E-mail: kayohenriquejardel@hotmail.com

Associate Editor (Peer review process): Monica Taminato (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-2496) Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil

Conflicts of interest: nothing to declare.

Shift	n(%)	Knowledge score			Compliance score
Shift	n(%)	Mean±SD	Minimum	Maximum	Mean±SD	Minimum	Maximum
4º	29(18.0)	14.8±2.4	8.0	19.0	72.4±4.2	61.0	78.0
6º	22(13.7)	15.5±2.1	11.0	18.0	73.5±2.9	68.0	78.0
7º	21(13.0)	14.9±2.3	11.0	19.0	68.5±7.2	49.0	80.0
8º	54(33.6)	15.8±1.8	12.0	19.0	73.3±4.0	60.0	80.0
9º	35(21.7)	15.6±1.9	12.0	19.0	72.6±4.9	54.0	80.0
Overall	161(100)	15.4±2.0	8.0	19.0	72.4±4.8	49.0	80.0

Knowledge questionnaire items on standard precautions	Yes	No	Don’t know
Knowledge questionnaire items on standard precautions	n(%)	n(%)	n(%)
Do you know what SP are?	139(86.3)	22(13.7)	-
SP should only be applied in patients diagnosed with infection or patients who are in the incubation period for a given infection	33(20.5)	116(72.0)	12(7.5)
Compliance with SP has as main objective to protect the health team	125(77.6)	25(15.5)	11(6.9)
When coming into contact with blood or any other potentially contaminated materials, hands should be washed immediately.	157(97.5)	4(2.5)	-
Hand hygiene should be performed during care delivery to different patients	158(98.1)	3(1.9)	-
Since the use of gloves can prevent contamination of the hands, it is not necessary to sanitize after removing the gloves	58(36.0)	103(64.0)	-
Contact of objects, materials, equipment, clothing and individuals with contaminated PPE should be avoided	159(98.8)	1(0.6)	1(0.6)
PPE must not be shared	92(57.2)	68(42.2)	1(0.6)
When performing oral care procedures or other procedures that may involve contact with patients’ mucous membranes, the use of gloves is not mandatory	82(50.9)	79(49.1)	-
In blood collection or venipuncture procedures, the use of gloves is required	160(99.4)	1(0.6)	-
In procedures where there are possibilities of hand contact with secretion or excretion of patients, the use of gloves is necessary	160(99.4)	1(0.6)	-
Gloves should be changed in the provision of care to different patients	159(98.2)	2(1.2)	-
In procedures where there are possibilities of blood spatter, body fluid, secretion or excretion, a protective mask or face shield should be used	161(100.0)	-	-
In procedures where there are possibilities of blood spatter, body fluid, secretion or excretion, personal protective goggles or face shields should be worn	160(99.4)	1(0.6)	-
In procedures where there are possibilities of blood spatter, body fluid, secretion or excretion, secretion or excretion, the protective apron must be used	156(96.9)	3(1.9)	2(1.2)
In procedures where there are possibilities of blood spatter, body fluid, secretion or excretion, disposable caps and shoe covers should be used	145(90.1)	10(6.2)	6(3.7)
It is forbidden to fold, bend or perform the active needle cover. When necessary, perform the passive escape with only one hand. Containers for disposal should be close to the handling area	138(85.7)	19(11.8)	4(2.5)
When providing nursing care to patients with hepatitis C or syphilis, it is necessary to adopt only SP	62(38.5)	90(55.9)	9(5.6)
When providing nursing care to patients with active tuberculosis or chickenpox, it is necessary to adopt SP, in addition to droplet precautions	144(89.4)	11(6.8)	6(3.7)
When providing nursing care to patients with intestinal infections or skin infections, it is necessary to adopt SP, in addition to contact precautions	140(87.0)	15(9.3)	6(3.7)

Compliance questionnaire items with standard precautions	Always	Often	Sometimes	Rarely	Never
Compliance questionnaire items with standard precautions	n(%)	n(%)	n(%)	n(%)	n(%)
I perform hand hygiene in the interval between the provision of care to different patients	133(82.6)	25(15.5)	3(1.9)	-	-
I perform hand hygiene after removing the gloves	127(78.9)	28(17.4)	6(3.7)	-	-
I wash my hands immediately after contact with potentially contaminated biological materials	157(97.5)	4(2.5)	-	-	-
Frequency of use of gloves in procedures where there is a possibility of contact with potentially contaminated biological materials:
Blood collection	158(98.2)	1(0.6)	1(0.6)	1(0.6)	-
Procedures involving the possibility of contact with urine or feces	154(95.7)	4(2.5)	2(1.2)	-	1(0.6)
Procedures involving the possibility of contact with patients’ non-integral skin	146(90.7)	9(5.6)	6(3.7)	-	-
Procedures involving the possibility of contact with patients’ mucosa	156(96.9)	4(2.5)	1(0.6)	-	-
Procedures involving the possibility of contact with patients’ airway secretions	156(96.9)	5(3.1)	-	-	-
Intramuscular or subcutaneous injection	111(68.9)	31(19.3)	14(8.7)	5(3.1)	-
Dressing procedures	157(97.6)	2(1.2)	1(0.6)	1(0.6)	-
Cleaning for blood removal	150(93.3)	7(4.3)	2(1.2)	1(0.6)	1(0.6)
Venipuncture	145(90.1)	10(6.1)	3(1.9)	3(1.9)	-
Contact with blood samples	143(88.8)	14(8.7)	3(1.9)	1(0.6)	-
I wear a protective mask when there is a possibility of contact with blood spatter, body fluid, secretion or excretion	152(94.5)	7(4.3)	2(1.2)	-	-
I wear goggles when there is a possibility of contact with blood spatter, body fluid, secretion or excretion	107(66.5)	19(11.7)	18(11.2)	9(5.6)	8(5.0)
I wear apron when there is a possibility of contact with blood spatter, body fluid, secretion or excretion	118(73.4)	20(12.4)	15(9.3)	7(4.3)	1(0.6)
I use disposable caps and shoe covers when there is a possibility of contact with blood spatter, body fluid, secretion or excretion	115(71.5)	26(16.1)	11(6.9)	7(4.3)	2(1.2)
I do not perform active cover of used needles or perform passive needle cover with one hand only	76(47.2)	24(14.9)	14(8.7)	9(5.6)	38(23.6)
I dispose of needles, blades and other sharps in designated disposal containers	155(96.3)	4(2.5)	2(1.2)	-	-
After work accidents with potentially contaminated sharps, I immediately compress the site, then perform antisepsis and dressing	87(54.0)	19(11.8)	12(7.5)	8(5.0)	35(21.7)

Nursing students’ knowledge and compliance with standard precautions

Abstract