Knowledge and practices regarding the handling of neonatal incubators among nursing professionals

Costa, Cláudia Carolina; Tonete, Vera Lúcia Pamplona; Parada, Cristina Maria Garcia de Lima

doi:10.1590/1982-0194201700027

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Original Article • Acta Paul Enferm. 30 (2) • Mar-Apr 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0194201700027 linkcopy

Knowledge and practices regarding the handling of neonatal incubators among nursing professionals

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objectives To compare knowledge and practices regarding the handling of neonatal incubators among nurses and nursing technicians/aides.

Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the neonatal unit of a reference hospital, with data obtained via a questionnaire about the professionals’ knowledge and direct, structured and nonparticipant observation of nursing team practices when handling incubators. The researchers developed a score to represent the adequateness of the practices observed.

Results No difference was observed between the two studied groups in terms of knowledge in handling incubators, except for knowledge about the benefit of humidification, cited mostly by nurses (p=0.040). No differences were observed when comparing practice scores obtained individually and the overall score (p=0.723). The incubator practices of nursing technicians/aides and nurses were 70% adequate, which is a low percentage considering the hospital’s high complexity.

Conclusion In general, there was no difference between the nursing team members with regards to the studied knowledge and practices.

Incubators, infant; Infant, newborn; Biomedical technology; Nursing, team; Neonatal nursing

Incubator variables	Nursing technician/Aide n(%)	Nurse n(%)	p-value
Knows benefit(s) of use
Yes	57(96.6)	15(100.0)	1.000^(I)
No	2(3.4)	0(0.0)
Benefits mentioned
Thermoregulation
Yes	54(91.5)	15(100.0)	0.576^(I)
No	5(8.5)	0(0.0)
Humidification
Yes	22(37.3)	9(60.0)	0.040^(II)
No	37(62.7)	6(40.0)
Visualization/monitoring
Yes	15(25.4)	5(33.3)	0.429^(II)
No	44(74.6)	10(66.7)
Comfort
Yes	12(20.3)	0(0.0)	0.109^(I)
No	47(79.7)	15(100.0)
Environmental isolation
Yes	11(18.6)	5(33.3)	0.102^(II)
No	48(81.4)	10(66.7)
Extrauterine development
Yes	10(16.9)	4(26.7)	0.462^(I)
No	49(83.1)	11(73.3)
Safety
Yes	8(13.6)	0(0.0)	0.194 ^(I)
No	51(86.4)	15(100.0)
Noise protection
Yes	7(11.9)	3(20.0)	0.413^(I)
No	52(88.1)	12(80.0)
Oxygen supply
Yes	4(6.8)	1(6.7)	1.000^(I)
No	55(93.2)	14(93.3)
Weighing
Yes	2(3.4)	1(6.7)	0.498^(I)
No	57(96.6)	14(93.3)
Transportation
Yes	2(3.4)	0(0.0)	0.202^(I)
No	57(96.6)	15(100.0)
Access to manipulation
Yes	1(1.7)	0(0.0)	1.000^(I)
No	58(98.3)	15(100.0)
Light barrier
Yes	0(0.0)	1(6.7)	1.000^(I)
No	59(100.0)	14(93.3)

Incubator variables	Nursing technicians/Aides n(%)	Nurses n(%)	p-value
Knows about the risks of incubator use
Yes	52(88.1)	12(80.0)	0.413^(I)
No	7(11.9)	3(20.0)
Risk mentioned
Temperature deregulation
Yes	44(74.6)	12(80.0)	1.000^(I)
No	15(25.4)	3(20.0)
Falls
Yes	16(27.1)	2(13.3)	0.333^(I)
No	43(72.9)	13(86.7)
Excessive noise
Yes	11(18.6)	5(33.3)	0.995^(II)
No	48(81.4)	10(66.7)
Imbalance in oxygen concentration
Yes	9(15.3)	1(6.7)	0.675^(I)
No	50(84.7)	14(93.3)
Inadequate hygiene
Yes	7(11.9)	0(0.0)	0.332^(I)
No	52(88.8)	15(100.0)
Has doubts/difficulties
Yes	41(69.5)	11(73.3)	1.000^(I)
No	18(30.5)	4(26.7)
Doubts/difficulties relative to mechanics
Yes	24(40.7)	10(66.7)	0.135^(II)
No	35(59.3)	5(33.3)
Doubts/difficulties relative to newborn care
Yes	27(45.8)	7(46.7)	0.20^(II)
No	32(54.2)	8(53.3)

Adequate practices	Nursing technician/aide n(%)	Nurse n(%)	p-value^(I)
Uses skin mode	0(0.0)	1(20.0)	0.200
Places blanket over canopy without obstructing air inlet	20(100.0)	5(100.0)	1.000
Does not place objects over canopy	4(20.0)	0(0.0)	0.549
Does not make noise on canopy	18(90.0)	5(100.0)	1.000
Does not keep objects over air outlet	13(65.0)	2(40.0)	0.358
Does not keep objects on mattress	18(90.0)	5(100.0)	1.000
Does not place blanket over newborn	19(95.0)	5(100.0)	1.000
Keeps portholes closed	20(100.0)	5(100.0)	1.000
Keeps iris port sleeve closed	17(85.0)	4(80.0)	1.000
Keeps iris port sleeves on incubator	20(100.0)	5(100.0)	1.000
Keeps wheels in locked position	1(5.0)	0(0.0)	1.000
Positions incubator out of direct sunlight	20(100.0)	5(100.0)	1.000
Keeps skin sensors on newborn	4(20.0)	2(40.0)	0.562

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