Forensic nursing care for older adults in situations of violence: a scoping review

Santos, Jiovana de Souza; Santos, Rafael da Costa; Araújo-Monteiro, Gleicy Karine Nascimento de; Santos, Renata Clemente dos; Costa, Gabriela Maria Cavalcanti; Guerrero-Castañeda, Raúl Fernando; Souto, Rafaella Queiroga

Jiovana de Souza Santos

Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6056-8800

Rafael da Costa Santos

Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8293-340X

Gleicy Karine Nascimento de Araújo-Monteiro

Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4395-6518

Renata Clemente dos Santos

Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2916-6832

Gabriela Maria Cavalcanti Costa

Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4466-6886

Raúl Fernando Guerrero-Castañeda

Universidad de Guanajuato, Celaya, Mexico.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3996-5208

Rafaella Queiroga Souto

Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7368-8497

Corresponding author Rafaella Queiroga Souto E-mail: rafaellaqueiroga7@gmail.com

Conflicts of interest: nothing to declare.

Title	Year	Type of violence addressed	Health care level	Methodological approach	Country of study	Database	Publication type
Safeguarding staff’s experience of cases of financial abuse ⁽⁸⁾	2018	Financial violence	Household	Qualitative	Ireland	CINAHL	Article
Working at the frontline in cases of elder abuse: ‘It keeps me awake at night⁽¹⁴⁾	2014	Violence in general	Household	Qualitative	Australia	CINAHL	Article
Violência contra o idoso: as concepções dos profissionais de enfermagem sobre detecção e prevenção⁽¹⁵⁾	2018	Violence in general	Primary Care	Qualitative	Brazil	CINAHL	Article
Atuação do enfermeiro perante a violência doméstica sofrida pelo idoso⁽¹⁶⁾	2015	Domestic violence	Primary Care	Quantitative	Brazil	Google Scholar	Article
Cuidados de Enfermagem para detecção de violência contra idosos⁽¹⁷⁾	2019	Violence in general	Hospital	Qualitative	Brazil	Google Scholar	Article
Attitudes and knowledge of medical and nursing staff toward elder abuse⁽¹⁸⁾	2010	Violence in general	Hospital	Quantitative	Israel	Embase	Article
Elder Abuse. The nurse’s perspective ⁽¹⁹⁾	2005	Violence in general	Household	Qualitative	USA*	Embase	Article
Nurses’ encounters with older adults engaged in self-neglectful behaviors in the community: a qualitative study⁽²⁰⁾	2018	Self-neglect	Primary Care	Qualitative	Israel	Embase	Article
Factors related to Korean nurses’ Willingness to report suspected elder abuse⁽²¹⁾	2012	Violence in general	Hospital	Quantitative	South Korea	Embase	Article
Nurses’ clinical assessments of older clients who are suspected victims of abuse: an exploratory study in community care in Norway⁽²²⁾	2010	Violence in general	Household	Qualitative	Norway	North Grey Literature Collection (MedNar)	Article
Challenges in handling elder abuse in community care. An exploratory study among nurses and care coordinators in Norway and Australia⁽²³⁾	2011	Violence in general	Household	Qualitative	Norway and Australia	North Grey Literature Collection	Article
Identifying and handling abused older clients in community care: the perspectives of nurse managers⁽²⁴⁾	2011	Violence in general	Household	Qualitative	Norway	North Grey Literature Collection	Article
Critical care nurses’ perspectives on elder abuse⁽²⁵⁾	2012	Violence in general	Hospital	Qualitative	USA*	North Grey Literature Collection	Article
The relationship between nurses’ recognition regarding elder abuse and their attitudes and performance in dealing with elder abuse induced by Iranian family caregivers⁽²⁶⁾	2019	Violence in general	Hospital	Quantitative	Iran	Scopus	Article
Aspectos relacionados à violência contra o idoso: concepção do enfermeiro da estratégia saúde da família⁽²⁷⁾	2019	Violence in general	Primary Care	Qualitative	Brazil	LILACS	Article
Enfrentamento da violência intrafamiliar contra pessoas idosas pelos profissionais de saúde⁽²⁸⁾	2015	Intrafamily violence	Primary Care	Qualitative	Brazil	LILACS	Article
An international collaborative study comparing Swedish and Japanese nurses’ reactions to elder abuse⁽²⁹⁾	2012	Violence in general	Primary Care	Qualitative	Switzerland and Japan	PsycINFO	Article
Home care nurses’ experiences with and perceptions of elder self-neglect⁽³⁰⁾	2015	Self-neglect	Hospital	Qualitative	USA*	PubMed	Article
Elder abuse in Canada and Australia: implications for nurses⁽³¹⁾	1996	Violence in general	Various (unspecified)	Quantitative	Canada and Australia	Web of Science	Article

Measures of prevention of elder abuse	- Monitor the offender ^{(14) Australia.} - Try to hinder that the aged comet a crime against itself^{(20) Israel.} - Monitors the situation ^{(23) Norway and Australia.} - Supervises caregiver^{(23) Norway and Australia.} - Protects against undue influence^{(23) Norway and Australia.} - Home visits^{(24,29) Norway; Switzerland; Japan.} - Educates the elderly on the subject^{(26–28) Iran.}
Resources used to identify cases elder abuse	- Interviews^{(16,22,29,31) Brazil; Norway; Switzerland; Japan.} - Physical examination^{(16) Brazil.} - Abuse/neglect assessment form^{(19) USA.} - Clinical assessment^{(22,25) Norway, USA.} - Home visit^{(22) Norway.} - Tools (unspecified)^{(26) Iran.}
Interventions in situations of elder abuse	- Investigates the case^{(8,15,16,28,31) Ireland; Brazil; Canada and Australia.} - Welcomes older adults^{(14,17,23,26,29) Australia; Brazil; Norway; Australia; Will; Switzerland; Japan.} - Provides care^{(14,17,23) Australia; Brazil; Norway; Australia.} - Discusses the case with the team^{(15) Brazil.} - Discusses the case with social service^{(15) Brazil.} - Discuss the case with the elder health coordinator^{(15) Brazil.} - Conversation with family^{(16,23-24,29) Brazil, Norway; Australia; Switzerland; Japan.} - Record the case in the medical record^{(17) Brazil.} - Employs emotional and professional resources to solve the problem^{(20,30) Israel; USA.} - Carries out corrective actions^{(23) Norway; Australia.} - Counseling of abusers; victims’ counselling^{(31) Canada and Australia.} - Neutral attitude^{(18,26) Israel; Iran.}
Referral of cases of elder abuse	- Psychogeriatrics^{(8) Ireland.} - Leadership^{(8,24) Ireland; Norway.} - Another professional^{(16,24-25) Brazil, Norway, USA.} - Specialized Reference Center for Social Assistance (CREAS)^{(16) Brazil.} - Family Health Support Center (NASF)^{(16) Brazil.} - Social work^{(17,19,24–26) Brazil, USA, Norway, Iran.} - Psychology^{(17) Brazil.} - Adult Protection Service^{(19,23) USA, Norway; Australia.} - Elderly Assessment Team^{(23) Norway.} - Manager^{(25) USA.} - Competent bodies^{(28-29) Brazil; Switzerland; Japan.} - Hospitals^{(29) Switzerland, Japan.}
Denunciation and notification of cases of elder abuse	- To the competent bodies^{(15,19) Brazil, USA.} - To the Elder Council, Human Rights Office^{(17) Brazil.} - Reporting in the Reporting Diseases Information System (SINAN)^{(17) Brazil.} - Police^{(17,23-24,26-27) Brazil; Norway; Australia; Norway; Iran.}

Organizational problems	- Do not have strong legislation⁽⁸⁾ - Lack of organizational support⁽¹⁴⁾ - Lack of professional cooperation and responsibility⁽¹⁵⁾ - No guideline⁽²⁴⁾ - Fragility of the integration of public services aimed at elder abuse⁽²⁷⁾ - Shortage of mental health services⁽³⁰⁾ - Barriers of laws and policies⁽³⁰⁾ - Inability of the Adult Protection Service⁽³⁰⁾ -Dilemmas inherent to practice⁽¹⁴⁾
Professional training	- Lack of clear guidance⁽⁸⁾ - Lack of specialized preparation^(8,15,26-27) - Not knowing how to conduct^(15,19,23) - Difficulty with notification procedures⁽¹⁶⁾ - Difficulty in detecting and intervening^(16,18,24) - Ignorance of laws⁽¹⁸⁾ - Lack of evidence⁽¹⁹⁾
Personal issues	- Intimidations/threats/reprisals^(14,28) - Intrinsic factors for older adults^{(17,22,25,28)} - Do not want to get involved^(18,21) - Insecurity^(18,21) - The impact of personal values and experience^(20,25) - Resistance of the subjects involved⁽²⁸⁾ - Fear of exposing themselves⁽²⁸⁾

[1] Corresponding author Rafaella Queiroga Souto E-mail: rafaellaqueiroga7@gmail.com

Brasil

Brasil

Forensic nursing care for older adults in situations of violence: a scoping review

Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion