Assessment of somatic and affective-cognitive symptoms of people living with HIV/AIDS

Reis, Renata Karina; Castrighini, Carolina de Castro; Melo, Elizabete Santos; Jesus, Giselle Juliana de; Queiroz, Artur Acelino Francisco Luz; Gir, Elucir

doi:10.1590/1982-0194201700009

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Acta Paulista de Enfermagem

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Original Articles • Acta Paul Enferm. 30 (1) • Jan 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0194201700009 copy

Assessment of somatic and affective-cognitive symptoms of people living with HIV/AIDS

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective

To analyze the somatic and affective-cognitive symptoms of depression according to the sex of people living with HIV/AIDS.

Methods

Analytic study developed at specialized care services in Ribeirão Preto-SP, including a sample of 331 participants. To collect the data, a sociodemographic characterization tool and Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) were used.

Results

Among the interviewees, 50.4% were male, 52.1% of whom in the age range between 20 and 35 years. Higher education (p=0.001) and lower income (<0.001) were found for the women and more comorbidities (p=0.004) for the men. It was identified that the women presented higher mean depression scores in the somatic (p<0.001) as well as in the affective/cognitive domains (p<0.001).

Conclusion

These study results appoint that the women present higher depressive symptom scores than the man, in the somatic as well as in the affective/cognitive domains of the BDI subscales.

HIV; Depression; Sex

Variables	Male (n=167)	Female (n=164)	Total 331	p-value
Variables	n(%)	n(%)	n(%)	p-value
Age range				0.459^†
20-35	87(52.1)	95(57.9)	182(55.0)
35-59	76(45.5)	67(40.9)	143(43.2)
> 60	04(2.4)	02(1.2)	06(1.8)
Education (years of study)				0.001*
≤ 8	74(44.3)	45(27.4)	119(36.0)
> 8	93(55.7)	119(72.6)	212(64.0)
Income (minimum wages)				<0.001^†
≤ 3	133(79.6)	159(97.0)	292(88.2)
> 3	34(20.4)	05(3.0)	39(11.8)
Presence of comorbidities				0.004*
Yes	102(61.1)	74(45.1)	176(53.2)
No	65(38.9)	90(54.9)	155(46.8)
CD4 counts (cells/mm3)				0.909
> 500	69(41.3)	64(39.0)	133(40.2)
499-200	66(39.5)	68(41.5)	134(40.5)
< 200	32(19.2)	32(19.5)	64(19.3)

BDI*	Woman (n=164)	Man (n=167)	Woman/Man (n=331)	p-value
Somatic BDI
X̄ (SD)^a	5.9(5.1)	4.1(3.9)	5.06 (4.6)	<0.001**
Mean	4.0	3.0
Affective/cognitive BDI
X̄ (SD)^a	8.7 (9.4)	5.4 (6.5)	7.07 (8.2)	<0.001**
Mean	5.0	3.0

Variables	Women (n=164)	Men (n=167)	p-value^b
Variables	X̄ (SD)^a	X̄ (SD)^a	p-value^b
Affective/cognitive BDI
Sadness	0.75(1.0)	0.47(0.8)	0.003
Pessimism	0.71(1.1)	0.34(0.9)	0.001
Feelings of failure	0.45(0.9)	0.25(0.8)	0.001
Lack of satisfaction	0.81(1.0)	0.41(0.9)	0.001
Feeling of guilt	0.71(0.8)	0.53(0.8)	0.001
Feeling of punishment	0.91(1.0)	0.95(1.1)	0.983
Self-depreciation	0.48(0.7)	0.27(0.6)	0.005
Self-accusations	0.65(1.1)	0.56(1.0)	0.706
Suicidal ideas	0.36(0.5)	0.14(0.4)	0.001
Bouts of crying	0.80(1.1)	0.47(0.9)	0.001
Indecision	0.63(1.1)	0.35(0.9)	0.008
Distorted body image	0.73(0.9)	0.44(0.8)	0.014
Social retraction	0.71(0.9)	0.29(0.7)	0.001
Somatic BDI	0,97(1.1)	0.29(1.1)	0.001
Irritability
Inhibition for work	0.60(1.1)	0.38(1.1)	0.018
Sleep disorder	0.80(1.3)	0.61(1.2)	0.286
Fatigue	0.74(1.0)	0.53(1.0)	0.053
Appetite loss	0.48(0.9)	0.35(0.75)	0.172
Weight loss	0.38(0.8)	0.43(0.8)	0.571
Somatic disorder	0,74(1.1)	0.68(1.1)	0.681
Decreased libido	1.24(1.3)	0.41(0.9)	0.001

Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo R. Napoleão de Barros, 754, 04024-002 São Paulo - SP/Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 11) 5576 4430 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: actapaulista@unifesp.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Renata Karina Reis. Bandeirantes Avenue, 3900, 14040-902, Campus Universitário, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. rkreis@eerp.usp.br