Partial diallel and genetic divergence analyses in maize inbred lines

Maioli, Maria Fernanda de Souza Dias; Pinto, Ronald José Barth; Silva, Tereza Aparecida da; Rizzardi, Diego Ary; Matsuzaki, Robson Akira; Sato, Marcelo Akira; Eisele, Tauana Gibim; Garcia, Giovana Dal Lago

doi:10.4025/actasciagron.v43i1.53540

ABSTRACT.

In this study, we aimed to estimate general and specific combining abilities (GCA and SCA, respectively) and to verify genetic divergence (Rogers distance, Unweighted Pair-Group Method Using Arithmetic Average - UPGMA) using microsatellite markers in maize inbred lines. Using a partial diallel scheme, a total of 19 inbred lines were crossed as (9 x 10), which were derived from the single hybrids SG6015 and P30F53, respectively. The 90 hybrids were evaluated in an incomplete randomized block design with common checks and three replications during the 2017-2018 growing season. Flowering time, average plant height, ear height insertion, average ear diameter, ear length, number of lodged and broken plants, mass of 100 grains and grain yield were measured. According to the analysis of variance, GCA, and SCA were significant (p < 0.05) in all the measured traits; inbred line B as well as 1 and 8, derived from the single hybrids SG6015 and P30F53, respectively, were selected due to their higher GCA values in grain yield to be used in crosses as testers, while the single cross hybrid (B x 1) was selected due to their higher SCA value in grain yield to be used in future breeding programs. The molecular marker analysis divided the inbred lines into two groups, where the highest dissimilarity (0.74) was observed between lines A and 9; however, these did not result in a high SCA value, therefore the hybrids obtained by such crossings were not selected for grain yield.

Keywords:
Zea mays L.; microsatellite markers; genetic distance.

[1] * Author for correspondence. E-mail: mahfer527@gmail.com

Residual mean squares
	DF⁷	FF	MF	PH	EH	EL	ED	NL	NB	MG	GY

Treat.¹	92	4.07^*	4.55*	0.05	0.05*	0.0005*	0.003*	0.96*	66.51*	0.00003*	3671892.1*
Gr.²	9	3.27*	6.41*	0.07	0.02	0.0001	0.003*	0.33	11.72	0.00001	4328534.7*
Bl/Gr.³	20	5.99*	5.42*	0.16*	0.02*	0.0004	0.002*	0.23	34.49*	0.00002*	3507919.1*
Er. ⁴	238	1.59	1.71	0.04	0.01	0.0003	0.001	0.38	14.03	0.00001	1431557.0
Av.⁵	-	59.9	60.18	2.16	1.16	0.162	0.489	0.26	3.37	0.03	7201.109
CV⁶	-	2.11	2.18	9.75	8.78	9.923	6.283	234.4	111.09	9.19	16.6
Grain yield for checks and higher hybrids
P30F53		6,923.27 kg ha^-1				B x 1			10,284.18 kg ha^-1
DKB 290		7,557.17 kg ha^-1				H x 4			9,799.19 kg ha^-1
2B688		5,632.94 kg ha^-1				A x 1			9,799.19 kg ha^-1

	Residual mean square for diallel analysis
	DF⁶	FF	MF	EH	EL	ED	NL	NB	MG	GY
Treat.¹	89	4.43*	5.60*	0.04*	0.0005*	0.002*	1.08*	67.01*	0.000029*	3444053.6*
GCA I²	8	12.32*	12.65*	0.14*	0.001*	0.007*	1.75*	308.47*	0.00013 *	3178432.4*
GCA II³	9	14.67*	21.25*	0.15*	0.001*	0.003*	2.87*	141.70*	0.000081*	10962028.9*
SCA⁴	72	2.27*	2.83*	0.018*	0.0004*	0.0014*	0.78*	30.85*	0.000011*	2533820.17*
DF⁵	238	1.59	1.71	0.01	0.0003	0.001	0.38	14.03	0.00001	1431557.0

Inbred line	FF⁴	MF⁵	EH⁶	EL⁷	ED⁸	NL⁹	NB¹⁰	MG¹¹	GY¹²
1	1.015	0.559	0.130	0.012	0.012	0.453	3.733	-0.001	705.78
2	-1.541	-1.749	-0.019	-0.001	-0.022	0.009	4.153	-0.004	-1088.33
3	-0.788	-1.194	-0.109	-0.002	0.006	-0.325	-1.773	0.001	-91.81
4	-0.035	-0.120	-0.013	-0.0002	-0.013	0.169	1.338	0.0002	423.07
5	-0.220	-0.453	-0.078	-0.011	0.005	-0.251	-1.427	0.0002	-578.52
6	0.385	0.535	0.022	-0.006	0.009	-0.251	-1.106	-0.001	-761.60
7	0.435	0.584	-0.006	-0.003	0.006	-0.189	-0.304	0.001	118.46
8	0.644	1.115	0.084	0.010	-0.0005	-0.041	-2.094	0.0002	864.31
9	0.225	0.386	-0.070	0.004	-0.010	-0.214	-1.575	0.001	315.49
10	-0.121	0.337	0.060	-0.002	0.006	0.638	-0.946	0.003	93.14
A	0.189	0.185	0.002	0.0004	-0.022	-0.300	0.911	-0.002	88.10
B	0.089	0.474	0.009	-0.010	0.019	0.200	-1.667	0.003	617.51
C	-0.700	-0.570	0.106	-0.004	0.022	0.044	-1.067	0.001	-104.50
D	-0.422	-0.548	-0.079	-0.002	0.003	-0.300	-1.967	0.0003	-288.65
E	1.322	1.363	-0.007	0.007	-0.006	-0.133	7.367	-0.002	-575.75
F	0.633	0.063	-0.063	0.009	0.001	0.333	-2.278	0.003	61.26
G	-0.456	-0.181	0.008	-0.001	-0.008	0.289	-1.633	-0.001	160.45
H	-0.300	-0.770	-0.072	0.0003	-0.021	-0.178	3.222	-0.003	55.51
I	-0.356	-0.015	0.097	0.001	0.011	0.044	-1.067	0.001	-13.92
SD²(ĝ _I - ĝ _J )	0.344	0.356	0.028	0.004	0.008	0.168	1.020	0.001	325.64
SD³(ĝ _I - ĝ _J )	0.326	0.338	0.026	0.004	0.008	0.160	0.967	0.001	308.93

Hybrid		ŝ_ij	Hybrid		ŝ_ij	Hybrid		ŝ_ij
A	1	1048.40	D	1	-904.54	G	1	-576.96
A	2	1145.60	D	2	-275.24	G	2	-143.48
A	3	-478.52	D	3	1937.97	G	3	69.59
A	4	-871.76	D	4	-840.61	G	4	-181.21
A	5	-109.75	D	5	440.26	G	5	692.96
A	6	-880.28	D	6	-899.06	G	6	962.05
A	7	135.16	D	7	131.12	G	7	-1125.55
A	8	31.94	D	8	-134.16	G	8	591.80
A	9	-138.69	D	9	743.09	G	9	-692.12
A	10	117.90	D	10	-198.82	G	10	402.92
B	1	1594.23	E	1	-1889.73	H	1	-596.88
B	2	-295.73	E	2	1085.91	H	2	-1059.13
B	3	1312.07	E	3	-838.18	H	3	-838.01
B	4	-214.07	E	4	803.38	H	4	1953.95
B	5	-1904.64	E	5	-154.46	H	5	-286.87
B	6	-896.88	E	6	149.80	H	6	-499.87
B	7	25.74	E	7	-189.28	H	7	-525.35
B	8	-155.70	E	8	47.95	H	8	557.61
B	9	672.99	E	9	1219.38	H	9	883.98
B	10	-138.01	E	10	-234.77	H	10	410.57
C	1	245.24	F	1	694.03	I	1	386.20
C	2	-688.45	F	2	-102.53	I	2	333.05
C	3	634.87	F	3	-550.68	I	3	-1249.10
C	4	-527.32	F	4	-933.48	I	4	811.11
C	5	935.93	F	5	-342.12	I	5	-0.106
C	6	-399.00	F	6	1389.22	I	6	1.128
C	7	589.34	F	7	508.02	I	7	0.770
C	8	279.79	F	8	530.85	I	8	-0.106
C	9	-1727.08	F	9	91.77	I	9	-1.847
C	10	656.67	F	10	-1285.07	I	10	268.61
SD³(ŝ_ij)								617.86
SD (ŝ_ij - ŝ_ik)								921.05
SD (ŝ_ij - ŝ_kj)								926.79
SD (ŝ_ij - ŝ_kl)								867.69

Brasil

Brasil

Partial diallel and genetic divergence analyses in maize inbred lines

ABSTRACT.