Novel missense variant L46Q of fatty acid synthase gene and fatty acids content in Awassi sheep

Al-Thuwaini, Tahreer Mohammed; Kareem, Zahraa Aqeel

doi:10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56273

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ANIMAL PRODUCTION • Acta Sci., Anim. Sci. 44 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56273 copy

Novel missense variant L46Q of fatty acid synthase gene and fatty acids content in Awassi sheep

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT.

This study was conducted to investigate the association between the polymorphism of the FASN gene with fatty acid content in Awassi sheep. A total of 100 male Awassi sheep between the ages of one and two and a half years old were used in this study. Phenotypic measurement was recorded at slaughter, and from each animal, the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle samples were taken to analyze the fatty acid profile. Genotyping, sequencing reactions, and in silico tools were performed to confirm the variants in amplified fragments. The result of genotyping revealed two genotypes (AA and AB) of the ovine FASN gene (exon 3). Novel SNP (L46Q) was discovered only within the FASN gene (AB genotype). All utilized in silico tools revealed remarkably deleterious effects for the L46Q on the mutant protein structure, function, and stability. Association analysis revealed that the AB genotype has significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of animal length and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) with lower amounts of saturated fatty acids (SFA) content than the AA genotype. In conclusion, novel SNP (L46Q) was discovered within the FASN gene (AB genotype), made the animals that has the AB genotype associated with good meat quality traits and this polymorphism may serve as markers for meat quality.

Keywords:
fatty acids composition; FASN gene; meat quality; rams

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[1] * Author for correspondence. E -mail: tahrearmohammed@agre.uoqasim.edu.iq

	Genotype frequencies (n)		Allele frequencies		Ho	He	Ne	X ²
	AA	AB	A	B	0.4000	0.321	1.470	6.07
Awassi	0.60 (60)	0.40 (40)	0.80	0.20	0.4000	0.321	1.470	6.07

No.	Wild type	Mutant	Genotype	Position in the PCR fragment	Position in the genome	Type of SNP	Amino acid change
1	T	A	AB	84	49890901	Exonic (L47)	L47Q
2	T	C	AA & AB	131	49890948	Exonic (S63)	S63P
3	G	A	AB	247	49891064	Intronic variant	-
4	T	G	AB	281	49891098	Intronic variant	-

SNP	SIFT		PolyPhen-2		PROVEAN		SNAP2		I-Mutant2
	score	prediction	score	prediction	score	prediction	score	prediction	score	prediction
L47Q	0.01	Affect protein function	0.924	Probably damaging	-5.700	Deleterious	67	Effect	-1.00 (DDG-kcal mol^-1)	Decrease Stability
S63P	0.27	Tolerated	0.891	Probably damaging	-3.331	Deleterious	63	Effect	-3.14 (DDG-kcal mol^-1)	Decrease Stability

Animal traits	Genotypes (LSM ± SE)		p-value
Animal traits	AA (60)	AB (40)	p-value
live body weight (kg)	29.32 ± 0.24	33.52 ± 0.31	0.13
body length (cm)	70.30 ± 1.45 ^b	82.53 ± 1.15 ^a	0.04 *
Fat tail (kg)	2.11 ± 0.05	2.43 ± 0.02	0.57
Abdominal fat (kg)	1.63 ± 0.03	1.45 ± 0.01	0.82
Back fat (kg)	1.42 ± 0.10	1.61 ± 0.01	0.29
Carcass weight (kg)	23.53 ± 0.37	25.11 ± 0.22	0.13

Indices	Genotypes (LSM ± SE)		p-value
Indices	AA(60)	AB(40)	p-value
Cholesterol (mg dL^-1)	115.32 ± 1.21	111.17 ± 2.31	0.54
Triglyceride (mg dL^-1)	77.53 ± 1.63	75.81 ± 1.01	0.23
High density lipoprotein (mg dL^-1)	26.37 ± 0.79	26.54 ± 0.25	0.46
Very low density lipoprotein (mg dL^-1)	15.79 ± 0.83	15.01 ± 0.77	0.22
Low density lipoprotein (mg dL^-1)	72.68 ± 1.64 ^a	66.72 ± 0.93 ^b	0.01*

Fatty acids composition	Genotypes (LSM ± SE)		p-value
Fatty acids composition	AA(60)	AB(40)
SFA	AA(60)	AB(40)
Caprylic	2.53 ± 0.01	1.35 ± 0.02	0.15
Capric	6.33 ± 0.02^b	2.14 ± 0.04^a	0.01*
Lauric	0.53 ± 0.05	0.47 ± 0.03	0.42
Myristic	1.53 ± 0.01^b	0.56 ± 0.04^a	0.02*
Palmitic	0.83 ± 0.02	0.94 ± 0.05	0.71
Stearic	0.02±0.003^b	0.001±0.0001^a	0.01*
Phytanic	0.84 ± 0.03	0.75 ± 0.04	0.59
MUFA
Ricinoleic	0.45 ± 0.01	0.39 ± 0.02	0.31
Ricinelaidic	0.56 ± 0.03	0.70 ± 0.03	0.63
β-linolenic	1.99 ± 0.06	2.53 ± 0.04	0.25
α-linoleic	0.73 ± 0.07	0.78 ± 0.01	0.40
Oleic	1.32 ± 0.02^b	2.11 ± 0.05^a	0.03*
Petroselinic	0.73 ± 0.05	0.90 ± 0.01	0.61
Elaidic	0.11 ± 0.001	0.18 ± 0.004	0.42
Vaccenic	0.04 ± 0.0001	0.07 ± 0.002	0.78
PUFA
α-linolenic	0.51 ± 0.03	0.52 ± 0.01	0.22