Zootechnic and economic indicators of termination in feedlot of different genetic groups of lambs

The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance, carcass traits and economic indicators of Santa Inês lambs and their crossings finished in feedlot. Thirty whole lambs (10 Santa Inês, 10 ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês and 10 – Dorper + ¼ Santa Inês) were used, with 115 days of age and initial live weight of 20.07 kg. The lambs were kept for 60 days receiving sorghum silage and concentrate, after which they were slaughtered. The – Dorper + ¼ Santa Inês lambs and the ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês lambs showed higher of dry matter intake and water intake, greater daily weight gain and body score in relation to Santa Inês lambs. The carcasses of – Dorper + ¼ Santa Inês lambs showed better conformation, finishing and marbling. The gross profit margin showed positive values for all genetic groups, covering the effective operating cost. Dorper crossbred lambs had a higher gross margin compared to Santa Inês lambs. The cost of the diet represented on average 61.35% of the price paid per kilo of sheep meat. In the sheep meat production system, the genetic group influences the zootechnical and economic indicators of finishing feedlot of lambs.

Keywords:
performance; Dorper; genotype; Santa Inês

Authorship

Felipe Queiroga Cartaxo

Departamento de Agrárias e Exatas, Universidade Estatual da Paraíba, Sitio Cajueiro, s/n, Zona Rural, 58884-000, Catolé da Rocha, Paraíba, BrazilUniversidade Estatual da ParaíbaBrazilCatolé da Rocha, Paraíba, BrazilDepartamento de Agrárias e Exatas, Universidade Estatual da Paraíba, Sitio Cajueiro, s/n, Zona Rural, 58884-000, Catolé da Rocha, Paraíba, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2378-0420

Wandrick Hauss de Sousa

Empresa Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, BrazilEmpresa Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária da ParaíbaBrazilJoão Pessoa, Paraíba, BrazilEmpresa Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

Marcílio Fontes Cezar

Unidade Acadêmica de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Campina GrandeBrazilPatos, Paraíba, BrazilUnidade Acadêmica de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil

João Paulo de Farias Ramos

Iara Tamires Rodrigues Cavalcante ^**Author for correspondence. E-mail: iararodrigues16@hotmail.com

Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, BrazilUniversidade Federal da ParaíbaBrazilAreia, Paraíba, BrazilDepartamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, Brazil

Maria das Graças Gomes Cunha

Josimar Torres Gomes

Mauricio Luiz de Mello Vieira Leite

Unidade Acadêmica Serra Talhada, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, BrazilUniversidade Federal Rural de PernambucoBrazilSerra Talhada, Pernambuco, BrazilUnidade Acadêmica Serra Talhada, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil

*Author for correspondence. E-mail: iararodrigues16@hotmail.com

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Tables | Formulas

Tables (6)
Formulas (4)

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Table 1
Food and chemical composition of the experimental diet dry matter based.

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Table 2
Weights, dry matter intake (DMI) and water intake (WI) of lambs in function of genetic group.

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Table 3
Total weight gain (TWG), average daily weight gain (ADWG), metabolic weight gain (MWG) and live weight gain (LWG), feed conversion (FC), and initial (IBS) and final corporal score (FCS) of the lambs in function of genetic group.

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Table 4
Weights of hot (HCW) and cold carcass (CCW), hot carcass yields (HCY), cold carcass yields (CCY), biologic yield (BY), percentage of cold loss (PCL), fat thickness (FT), GR site (GR), carcass compactness index (CCI), and loin eye area (LEA) in function of genetic group.

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Table 5
Means and Wilcoxon mean scores the qualitative traits of carcasses the lambs in function of the genetic group.

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Table 6
Economic indicators of lambs terminated in confinement in function of the genetic group.

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Table 1 Food and chemical composition of the experimental diet dry matter based.

Food composition
Hay aerial part of manioc (g kg^-1)	300.0
Ground corn (g kg^-1)	548.0
Soybean meal (g kg^-1)	120.0
Soy oil (g kg^-1)	20.0
Mineral Salt (g kg^-1)	5.0
Calcitic limestone (g kg^-1)	7.0
Chemical composition
Dry matter (g kg^-1)	889.2
Crude protein (g kg^-1)	143.4
Metabolizable energy (Mcal kg^-1 DM)	2.78
Fiber in neutral detergent (g kg^-1)	255.5
Total digestible nutrients (g kg^-1)	768.0
Ether extract (g kg^-1)	52.5
Mineral matter (g kg^-1)	54.7

*Represents the mineral composition per kilogram as follows: 147 g of Na; 120 g of Ca; 87 g of P; 18 g of S; 3.8 mg of Zn; 3500 mg of Fe; 1.3 mg of Mn; 870 mg of Fl; 590 mg of Cu; 300 mg of Mo; 80 mg of I; 40 mg of Co; 20 mg of Cr; 15 mg of Se; 250 mg of vitamin A (UI); 100 mg of vitamin D (UI); and 500 mg of vitamin E (UI).

Table 2 Weights, dry matter intake (DMI) and water intake (WI) of lambs in function of genetic group.

Genetic group
Parameters	SI	½ DP + ½ SI	– DP + ¼ SI	SEM	P
Weaning weight (kg)	11.60b	16.37ª	18.61a	-	0.0001
Initial weight (kg)	17.46b	20.68ª	22.08a	-	0.0030
Final weight (kg)	30.62b	37.74ª	39.32a	2.23	0.0029
DMI (kg day^-1)	1.197b	1.504ª	1.545a	0.05	0.0001
DMI (g kg^-1 LW)	4.81	4.99	4.89	0.30	0.0690
DMI (g kg^-0.75)	107.47b	116.91ª	115.87a	6.09	0.0002
WI (kg day^-1)	3.16c	3.84b	4.14a	0.16	0.0001
WI (g kg^-1 LW)	12.74	12.76	13.16	0.84	0.0660
WI (g kg^-0.75)	284.35b	298.83ab	311.50a	17.26	0.0004
WI (kg kg^-1 DM)	2.64a	2.55b	2.68a	0.05	0.0001

SI = Santa Inês; ½ DP + ½ SI = ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês; – DP + ¼ SI = – Dorper + ¼ Santa Inês. Averages followed by diferente letters differ (p < 0.05) among themselves by Tukey test; SEM = standard error mean; P= probabilidade.

Table 3 Total weight gain (TWG), average daily weight gain (ADWG), metabolic weight gain (MWG) and live weight gain (LWG), feed conversion (FC), and initial (IBS) and final corporal score (FCS) of the lambs in function of genetic group.

Genetic group
Parameters	SI	½ DP + ½ SI	– DP + ¼ SI	SEM	P
TWG (kg)	13.16b	17.06a	17.24a	2.23	0.0029
ADWG (g day^-1)	248.30b	321.89a	325.28a	0.04	0.0029
MWG (g kg^-0.75)	22.15b	25.08a	24.34ab	2.57	0.0018
LWG (g kg^-1 PV)	9.90	10.72	10.27	1.00	0.0962
FC (kg kg^-1)	4.90	4.77	4.79	0.66	0.5378
IBS (1-5)	2.60	2.65	2.72	0.28	0.8567
FCS (1-5)	3.35b	4.15a	4.32a	0.26	0.0001

SI = Santa Inês; ½ DP + ½ SI = ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês; – DP + ¼ SI = – Dorper + ¼ Santa Inês
Averages followed by different letters differ (p < 0.05) among themselves by Tukey test; SEM = standard error mean; P = probability.

Table 4 Weights of hot (HCW) and cold carcass (CCW), hot carcass yields (HCY), cold carcass yields (CCY), biologic yield (BY), percentage of cold loss (PCL), fat thickness (FT), GR site (GR), carcass compactness index (CCI), and loin eye area (LEA) in function of genetic group.

Genetic group
Parameters	SI	½ DP + ½ SI	– DP + ¼ SI	SEM	P
HCW (kg)	15.22b	19.23a	20.13a	1.22	0.0001
CCW (kg)	15.05b	19.03a	19.95a	1.22	0.0001
HCY (%)	49.63b	50.93ab	51.14a	1.14	0.0034
CCY (%)	49.07b	50.39ab	50.68a	1.20	0.0031
BY (%)	57.38b	59.09a	59.62a	1.14	0.0021
PCL (%)	1.13	1.05	0.90	0.49	0.5251
FT (mm)	1.97b	2.58b	3.56a	0.62	0.0008
GR (mm)	10.37c	13.74b	16.16a	1.91	0.0002
CCI (kg cm^-1)	0.23b	0.29a	0.31a	0.01	0.0002
LEA (cm²)	13.99b	15.79ab	17.34a	1.95	0.0028

SI = Santa Inês; ½ DP + ½ SI = ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês; – DP + ¼ SI = – Dorper + ¼ Santa Inês
Average followed by different letters differ (p < 0.05) among themselves by Tukey test
SEM = standard error mean; P = probability

Table 5 Means and Wilcoxon mean scores the qualitative traits of carcasses the lambs in function of the genetic group.

	Genetic group
Parameters	SI	½ DP + ½ SI	– DP + ¼ SI	P > Chi-Square
Conformation	2.95 (6.45)	3.33 (16.40)	3.64 (23.60)	0.0001
Finishing	3.02 (6.60)	3.35 (15.70)	3.77 (24.20)	0.0001
Pelvic-kidney fat	2.85 (22.55)	2.72 (16.15)	2.27 (7.80)	0.0007
Texture	4.16 (14.15)	4.21 (16.25)	4.23 (16.10)	0.8245
Marbling	0.82 (11.10)	0.89 (12.05)	1.46 (23.35)	0.0023
Color	3.99 (11.10)	4.02 (12.25)	4.31 (23.15)	0.0019

SI = Santa Inês; ½ DP + ½ SI = ½ Dorper x ½ Santa Inês; – DP + ¼ SI = – Dorper + ¼ Santa Inês
Statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric analysis of variance (Kruskal-Wallis test); P = probability.

Table 6 Economic indicators of lambs terminated in confinement in function of the genetic group.

	Genetic group
Parameters	SI	½ DP + ½ SI	– DP + ¼ SI
Number of animals	10	10	10
Initial weight (kg)	17.46	20.68	22.08
Final weight (kg)	30.62	37.74	39.32
Total weight gain (kg)	13.16	17.06	17.24
Live lamb price (kg)	5.50	5.50	5.50
Average of dry matter intake (kg)	1.19	1.50	1.54
Feedlot period (days)	53	53	53
Diet cost [DM kg (R$)]	0.70	0.70	0.70
Expenses with vaccines and medicines (R$)	0.90	0.90	0.90
Gross profit margin / lamb (R$)	24.17	33.30	32.70
Price of kg of produced meat (R$)	6.90	6.65	6.70

SI = Santa Inês; ½ DP + ½ SI = ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês; – DP + ¼ SI = – Dorper + ¼ Santa Inês.

P C L = H B W - (\frac{C C W}{H B W}) x 100

L E A = (\frac{A}{2} x \frac{B}{2}) π

G M = (T W G x 5.50) - (A C D N x C P x D C) - V M E

Y i j = μ + G i + P j + ε i j

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Zootechnic and economic indicators of termination in feedlot of different genetic groups of lambs

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[1] *Author for correspondence. E-mail: iararodrigues16@hotmail.com