Elephant grass silage with addition of regional by-products

Figueiredo, Mércia Regina Pereira de; Teixeira, Alice Cristina Bittencourt; Bittencourt, Luciene Lignani; Moreira, Guilherme Rocha; Ribeiro, Ariane Jesus; Silva, Frank Sinatra Gomes da; Santos, André Luiz Pinto dos; Costa, Maria Lindomárcia Leonardo da

doi:10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56616

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PASTURE AND FORAGE UTILIZATION • Acta Sci., Anim. Sci. 44 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56616 copy

Elephant grass silage with addition of regional by-products

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT.

This study examines the effect of adding coffee husks (CH), cacao by-product (CBP) and passion fruit by-product (PBP) (fresh-matter basis) in the silage of elephant grass cv. Napier on nutritional characteristics. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with a 3 × 4 factorial arrangement represented by three additives (CH, CBP or PBP) and four inclusion levels (0, 12, 24 or 36%). Four replicates were used per treatment. The material was ensiled in experimental mini-silos that were opened 60 days later for chemical analysis of the produced silages. The dry matter content of the silages with CH and PBP included at levels greater than 25% was adequate. The silage with PBP inclusion showed the highest crude protein levels and the best results for in vitro dry matter digestibility. In the silage containing CH, the neutral detergent fiber content decreased linearly with increasing inclusion of the husks. The silage with CBP showed the lowest dry matter and crude protein levels and the highest pH. In conclusion, the inclusion of up to 36% PBP in the ensiling of elephant grass is recommended, as the resulting material has potential for use in ruminant feeding at times of forage scarcity.

Keywords:
coffee husks; passion fruit peel; silage fermentation; Theobroma cacao by-products

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[1] * Author for correspondence. E-mail: merreg5@gmail.com

Parameter (%DM)	EG	CH	CBP	PBP
Dry matter	268.00	903.80	289.00	310.00
Mineral matter	107.90	82.50	76.70	97.10
Crude protein	50.00	111.80	47.60	135.50
Neutral detergent fiber	638.50	482.70	527.10	603.60
Acid detergent fiber	460.40	384.20	428.60	492.70
Lignin	82.00	175.20	179.80	95.00
IVDMD	500.00	415.50	330.00	534.80

	CBP	CH	PBP
DM	$Y = - 0.13 X + 24.19 R^{2} = 0.94$	$Y = 0.46 X + 23.40 R^{2} = 0.96$	$Y = 0.38 X + 23.64 R^{2} = 0.94$
MM	Y = NS	$Y = 0.007 X^{2} - 0.34 X + 10.93 R^{2} = 0.99$	$Y = - 0.004 X^{2} + 0.07 X + 11.10 R^{2} = 0.82$
CP	$Y = - 0.0018 X^{2} + 0.09 X + 3.93 R^{2} = 0.99$	$Y = 0.13 X + 4.35 R^{2} = 0.95$	$Y = - 0.012 X^{2} + 0.65 X + 4.37 R^{2} = 0.93$

	CBP	CH	PBP
NDF	Y = NS	$Y = - {0.43 X}^{2} + 63.16 R^{2} = 0.74$	$Y = {0.025 X}^{2} - 1.46 X + 62.19 R^{2} = 0.83$
ADF	Y = NS	Y = NS	$Y = {0.026 X}^{2} - 1.13 X + 45.41 R^{2} = 0.91$
IVDMD	$Y = 0.014 X^{2} - 0.56 X + 52.49 R^{2} = 0.94$	$Y = 0.014 X^{2} - 0.68 X + 52.94 R^{2} = 0.81$	$Y = - 0.048 X^{2} + 2.08 X + 51.8 R^{2} = 0.98$
Lignin	$Y = 0.007 X^{2} - 0.15 X + 8.47 R^{2} = 0.88$	$Y = - {0.013 X}^{2} + 0.49 X + 8.28 R^{2} = 0.99$	$Y = 0.009 X^{2} - 0.27 X + 7.87 R^{2} = 0.84$
pH	$Y = 0.03 X + 3.94 R^{2} = 0.92$	$Y = 0.02 X + 4.09 R^{2} = 0.98$	$Y = - 0.001 X^{2} + 0.06 X + 4.14 R^{2} = 0.71$