The number of flowers produced by the weed Waltheria americana L (Sterculiaceae) and the number of flowering dicot species were quantified in two sites at the Campus of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, to evaluate their seasonal relative importance as a source of nectar and pollen to a guild of 72 species of wasps and 37 species of bees. Differences between the average number of flowering dicot species between the dry and rainy seasons were found in only one of the sites. A significant difference in the number of flowers produced by W. americana between the two seasons was found in only one of the sites. Only the number of wasps visiting W. americana varied between seasons. Seasonal variation in guild composition was observed in one of the sites and only the bees showed a strong variation in species composition along the year. There was a positive correlation between the number of flowering dicot species and both the number of bee visits, and the number of flowers of W. americana. However, there were no differences between seasons in the average of visits. On the other hand, there was no correlation between the number of wasp visits to W. americana and either the number of flowers of W. americana or the number of other flowering dicot species in one site. On average, wasps visit W. americana more frequently in the rainy season than in the dry one in one of the sites, but the inverse occurred in the other site. The daily flower visitation of wasps and bees was most intense, and similar, between nine and 13 h. Because W. americana flowers year round and is a source of nectar for bees and wasps, its management could be important to maintain the diversity of bees and wasps in disturbed areas or agroecosystems, thus supporting insects which may act as pollinators and biological control agents, respectively.
Insecta; Hymenoptera; weeds; disturbed areas; flowering phenology
