Artisanal fisherfolk’s Local Ecological Knowledge on catfish and fishing legislations: a necessary dialog

Gilio-Dias, Sammer Maravilha Chagas; Machado, Rodrigo; Miranda, Tatiana Mota; Kubo, Rumi Regina

doi:10.1590/1809-4422asoc20180333r2vu2020L6AO

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Original Article • Ambient. soc. 23 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422asoc20180333r2vu2020L6AO copy

Artisanal fisherfolk’s Local Ecological Knowledge on catfish and fishing legislations: a necessary dialog

Conocimiento ecológico local de los pescadores artesanales sobre el bagre y la legislación pesquera: un diálogo necesario

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The presence of catfish of the Ariidae family in the list of endangered species of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), as from 2014, led to forbidding fishing two species of this family. Thus, artisanal fisherfolk lost a significant part of their income, causing conflicts between them and the fishing authorities in RS. This work aims mainly to understand the Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK) of the artisanal fisherfolk of the North Coast of RS regarding the ecology and taxonomy of catfish of the Ariidae family, seeking to relate it to the establishment of the fishing regulations in force in the State. 33 semi-structured interviews were made with artisanal fisherfolk. The interviewees perceive differences among the region ethnospecies; hardly ever are they consulted during the fishing regulations establishment process. Considering the aforementioned aspects, the artisanal fisherfolk LEK on catfish can be an important tool in the participatory management of catfish fishing.

Keywords:
Ethnoichthyology; Ariidae; Genidens; Catfish; North Coast/RS

Ethnospecies	Frequency (%)	Ordination	Salience
Catfish	100	2.94	0.738
Mullet	97	2.28	0.813
Sole	84.8	5.18	0.373
Corvina	48.5	3.25	0.328
Silverside	42.4	5.14	0.222
Trahira	33.3	4.27	0.216
Shrimp	33.3	6.82	0.13
Sardine	33.3	5.09	0.169
Crab	30.3	5	0.175
Sea bass	30.3	6.2	0.097
Cará	30.3	5.4	0.16
Jundiá	27.3	5.4	0.16
Papa-terra	21.2	5	0.13

Ethnospecies	As caught	Cleaned	Fillet
Catfish	4-6	16-20	18-20
Mullet	5-6	7-15	12-20
Sole	5-6	6-12	20-30
Corvina	3-4	7-10	7-10

Ethnoespecies (scientific name)	Description - fisherfolk	Description - scientific
Leitão (G. genidens)	Dark, small, at most 1 kg, different roof of the mouth, yellow flesh, small mouth, rounded head.	Dark gray back (FISCHER; PEREIRA; VIEIRA, 2011), 35 cm (FISCHER; PEREIRA; VIEIRA, 2011), accessory, non-fixed tooth plate on the palate region, connected to very salient fleshy projections (MARCENIUK, 2005MARCENIUK, A. P. Chave para identificação das espécies de bagres marinhos (siluriformes, Ariidae) da costa brasileira. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, v. 31, n. 2, p. 89 - 101, 2005.).
Cabeçudo (G. barbus)	Bigger (up to 40 kg), gray, robust carapace, mouth with a horseshow on the roof of the mouth, big head, flat head, fat flesh.	Large-sized species (max. 1.20 cm/30 kg) (FISCHER; PEREIRA; VIEIRA, 2011), grey or dark blue back (FISCHER; PEREIRA; VIEIRA, 2011), robust body, rounded snout (FISCHER; PEREIRA; VIEIRA, 2011), tooth plate in the palate region forming a horseshoe-like set (MARCENIUK, 2005MARCENIUK, A. P. Chave para identificação das espécies de bagres marinhos (siluriformes, Ariidae) da costa brasileira. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, v. 31, n. 2, p. 89 - 101, 2005.).
Juru-bebê (G. planifrons)	Triangular/flat head, wide mouth, thin mouth, lean flesh, white flesh, long head.	Large head and dorso-ventrally flattened. (FISCHER; PEREIRA; VIEIRA, 2011) and large and inferior mouth (FISCHER; PEREIRA; VIEIRA, 2011).

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[1] Sammer Maravilha Chagas Gilio Dias ✉ sammersummer@hotmail.com