Cardiotoxicity
|
Pyrimethanil (fungicide) |
2, 4, and 6 mg/L |
Changes in the transcription of apoptosis-related genes (p53, Bax, Bcl2, Casp 9, and Casp6l1) and heart development-related genes (Tbx2b, Gata4, Myh6, Vmhc, Nppa, Bmp2b, Bpm 4 and Bpm 10) |
[6969 Meng Y, Zhong K, Xiao J, Huang Y, Wei Y, Tang L, et al. Exposure to pyrimethanil induces developmental toxicity and cardiotoxicity in zebrafish. Chemosphere. 2020; 255: 126889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.20...
] |
Deltamethrin |
50; 25; 10; 1; 0.1 mg/L |
Damage to the cardiovascular system |
[7272 Li M, Liu XY, Feng XZ. Cardiovascular toxicity and anxiety-like behavior induced by deltamethrin in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae. Chemosphere. 2019; 219: 155-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.20...
] |
Triclosan and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) |
0.4; 40; 400 μg TCS/L |
Pericardial edema, altered heart structure and regurgitation (backflow across the heart valve) |
[7373 Saley A, Hess M, Miller K, Howard D, King-Heiden TC. Cardiac Toxicity of Triclosan in Developing Zebrafish. Zebrafish. 2016; 13: 399-404. https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2016.1257. https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2016.1257...
] |
Neurotoxicity
|
Triclosan |
62.5; 125; 250 μg/L |
Neurotoxicity for oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) |
[7777 Ling Y, Sun L, Wang D, Jiang J, Sun W, Ai W, et al. Triclosan induces zebrafish neurotoxicity by abnormal expression of miR-219 targeting oligodendrocyte differentiation of central nervous system. Arch. Toxicol. 2020; 94: 857-71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-020-02661-1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-020-02661...
] |
Oxybenzone |
10; 100; 1000 μg L−1
|
Reduced locomotion, decreased anxiety-like behavior, less time near/interacting with the shoal, fewer interactions with the mirror image, and decreased exploration of the novel arm in the T-maze test |
[8181 Moreira ALP, Luchiari AC. Effects of oxybenzone on zebrafish behavior and cognition. Sci. Total Environ. 2022; 808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021...
] |
Buspirone; Chlordiazepoxide; Caffeine |
25; 50; 100 mg/L 0,1; 1; 10 mg/L 25; 50; 100 mg/L |
Anxiety-like larval behavior |
[8282 Varga ZK, Zsigmond Á, Pejtsik D, Varga M, Demeter K, Mikics É, et al. The swimming plus-maze test: a novel high-throughput model for assessment of anxiety-related behaviour in larval and juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio). Sci. Rep. 2018; 8: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34989-1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34989...
] |
Hepatotoxicity
|
Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Tetracycline HCl, Sodium valproate, Cyclophosphamide, Erythromycin and two non-hepatotoxic compounds: Sucrose and Biotin |
Four concentrations: 1/10 Maximum non-lethal concentration (MNLC); 1/3 MNLC; MNLC and LC10 of each drug or compound |
Hepatotoxic drugs induced liver degeneration, reduced liver size and delayed yolk sac absorption in larval zebrafish. Non-hepatotoxic compounds did not have observable adverse effect on zebrafish liver |
[9191 He J, Guo S, Zhu F, Zhu J, Chen Y, Huang C. Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods Original article A zebra fish phenotypic assay for assessing drug-induced hepatotoxicity. J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods. 2013; 67: 25-32.] |
Tebuconazole |
1/10 MNLC, 1/3 MNLC, MNLC, LC10) |
Alterations in liver histoarchitecture. Increases in reactive oxygen species levels. |
[104104 Li S, Jiang Y, Sun Q, Coffin S, Chen L, Qiao K, Gui W, Zhu G. Tebuconazole induced oxidative stress related hepatotoxicity in adult and larval zebrafish (Danio rerio). Chemosphere. 2020; 241: 125129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.20...
] |
Thiophanate-methyl (pesticide) |
6.25; 12.5 and 25 mg/L |
Disturbed liver metabolism, activated caspase-3 and induced oxidative stress |
[105105 Jia K, Cheng B, Huang L, Xiao J, Bai Z, Liao X, Cao Z, Shen T, Zhang C, Hu C, Lu H. Thiophanate-methyl induces severe hepatotoxicity in zebrafish. Chemosphere. 2020; 248: 125941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.20...
] |
Polystyrene microplastics |
5µm and 70nm |
Inflammation and accumulation of lipids in the animals’ livers. Increase in the activity of oxidative stress enzymes |
[106106 Lu Y, Zhang Y, Deng Y, Jiang W, Zhao Y, Geng J, Ding L, Ren H. Uptake and Accumulation of Polystyrene Microplastics in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) and Toxic Effects in Liver. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2016; 50: 4054-4060. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b00183. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b00183...
] |
Flutolanil (fungicide) |
0.25; 50; 1000 μg/L |
Activity decreases of oxidative stress enzymes, such as catalase and pathological changes including hepatic vacuolization |
[108108 Teng M, Zhou Y, Song M, Dong K, Chen X, Wang C, Bi S, Zhu W. Chronic Toxic Effects of Flutolanil on the Liver of Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Chem. Res. Toxicol. 2019; 32: 995-1001. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00300. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8...
] |
Nephrotoxicity
|
Microcystin-LR |
1; 5; 25 μg/L |
Histopathological lesions (renal tubules filled with eosinophilic casts, abnormal renal tubules, intertubular space decrease, and blood infiltration) |
[111111 Wang CC, Si LF, Guo SN, Zheng JL. Negative effects of acute cadmium on stress defense, immunity, and metal homeostasis in liver of zebrafish: The protective role of environmental zinc dpre-exposure. Chemosphere. 2019; 222: 91-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.20...
] |
Acetaminophen (n-acetyl-para aminophenol, paracetamol) |
22.5 and 45 mM |
Kidney malformation (curved and cystic pronephric tube, pronephric duct, and cystic and atrophic glomerulus). The effects were dose-dependent |
[112112 Peng H, Wang Y, Wen C, Wang W, Cheng C, Chen Y. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology , Part C Nephrotoxicity assessments of acetaminophen during zebra fish embryogenesis. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part C. 2010; 151: 480-486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2010.02.004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2010.02.0...
] |
Aristolochic acid (AA) |
0.5 μM |
Acute injury (led to a loss of function in the glomerular filtration barrier) |
[8484 Dasgupta S, Simonich MT, Tanguay RL. Vol 2474, Zebrafish Behavioral Assays in Toxicology. In High-Throughput Screening Assays in Toxicology. Methods in Molecular Biology, Humana, New York; 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2213-1_11. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2213-...
] |
Endocrine system disruptions
|
Water samples from a wastewater dominated stream |
Complex mixture of Endocrine Active Compounds (EAC) |
Hormonal imbalances affecting testicular growth, reproduction, inducing feminization of male fish, and consequent reduction of population |
[120120 Lozano N, Rice CP, Pagano J, Zintek L, Barber LB, Murphy EW, Nettesheim T, Minarik T, Schoenfuss HL. Concentration of organic contaminants in fish and their biological effects in a wastewater-dominated urban stream. Sci. Total Environ. 2012; 420: 191-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.12.059. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011...
] |
Sulfentrazone |
0.0100; 0.0400; 0.400 mg/L |
Influenced steroid biosynthesis |
[122122 Jiang J, Wang L, Zhang C, Zhao X. Chemosphere Health risks of sulfentrazone exposure during zebrafish embryo-larvae development at environmental concentration. Chemosphere. 2022; 288: 132632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.20...
] |
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) |
50 pg/ml |
Feminization of the population (appearance of fish with clearly female bodies, yet carrying testes in place of ovaries) |
[124124 Baker TR, Peterson RE, Heideman W. Early dioxin exposure causes toxic effects in adult zebrafish. Toxicol. Sci. 2013; 135: 241-250. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kft144. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kft144...
] |
Bisphenol A |
0.01; 0.1; 1 mg/L |
Increased egg production, and reduced rate of fertilization. Altered the transcription of genes involved in reproductive function and epigenetic processes. |
[125125 Laing LV, Viana J, Dempster EL, Trznadel M, Trunkfield LA, Uren Webster TM, et al. Bisphenol A causes reproductive toxicity, decreases dnmt1 transcription, and reduces global DNA methylation in breeding zebrafish (Danio rerio). Epigenetics. 2016; 11: 526-538. https://doi.org/10.1080/15592294.2016.1182272. https://doi.org/10.1080/15592294.2016.11...
] |
Bisphenol A |
2, 10 and 100 μg/L |
Lower sperm motility and alterations on velocity parameters of spermatozoa |
[126126 Silveira CR, Varela Junior AS, Corcini CD, Soares SL, Anciuti AN, Kütter MT, Martínez PE. Effects of Bisphenol A on redox balance in red blood and sperm cells and spermatic quality in zebrafish Danio rerio. Ecotoxicology. 2019; 28: 913-922. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-019-02091-5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-019-02091...
] |