Identification and Production of Beauvericin by Fusarium subglutinansand F. sacchari from Sugarcane

HIGHLIGHTS

Isolation two species of pathogens Fusarium from sugarcane.

Identification the difference in morphological characterization between two species of Fusarium.

Determination the ability of pathogens Fusarium to produce mycotoxin Beauvericin.

Determination of the toxicity Beauvericin on the brine shrimp.

Abstract

Fusarium is producing several important mycotoxins including beauvericin (BEA). Two species of Fusarium viz. F. subglutinans and F. sacchari cause the Pokkahboeng disease of sugarcane. The studies on the occurrence and toxicity of BEA are scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the isolates of Fusarium and detect their ability to produce BEA. The toxicity of BEA was also tested on brine shrimp Artemia salina. Many isolates of Fusarium were isolated from the infected plants of sugarcane in Malaysia. We identified the species of Fusarium according to their morphological characteristics. The capability of Fusarium isolates for producing the BEA was estimated by using a thin layer chromatography. The toxicity bioassay of BEA was conducted on the brine shrimp larvae. The results were identified on F. subglutinans and F. sacchari in 55 isolates of Fusarium. All isolates demonstrated the ability to produce BEA. Interestingly, BEA exhibited variation in toxicity between low toxic to very higher toxicity 100%. F. subglutinans and F. sacchari were able to produce BEA and possibly BEA may be causing toxicity in the host tissue and may be acting as a potential pathogenicity factor. Therefore, we consider BEA as an interesting factor in determining the virulence of fusarium isolate.

Keyword:
Fusarium; F. sacchari; F. subglutinans; Beauvericin; Brine shrimp; mycotoxin