A Fuzzy Approach to Assess the Perception of a Rural Community Concerning the Impact of Distributed Power Generation on Local Sustainability

Silva, Eduardo Teixeira da; Martins, Márcio André Fernandes; Ferreira, Adonias Magdiel Silva; Rodriguez, Jorge Laureano Moya

doi:10.1590/1678-4324-2021200486

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Article - Engineering, Technology and Techniques • Braz. arch. biol. technol. 64 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2021200486 copy

A Fuzzy Approach to Assess the Perception of a Rural Community Concerning the Impact of Distributed Power Generation on Local Sustainability

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

HIGHLIGHTS

A Fuzzy logic was applied to assess the sustainability impact of distributed electricity generation.

According to the defined sustainability scale, the perception of the rural community presented an parcially sustainable score of the index.

The results of the applied model were consistent with the research object in rural communities and can be replicated in similar studies.

Abstract

This paper aims to evaluate the perception of residents of a rural quilombola community, about the impacts of distributed energy generation (DG) on the social, economic and environmental dimensions. The main challenge of the proposed model was to quantify the main perceptions of the target population of the research, as well as maintain the coherence of the specifications of the sustainability parameters. Diffuse modeling allows the transformation of linguistic variables into numerical values, the disadvantage is the dependence of the specialist to construct the rules. The methodology used was the application of a semi-structured questionnaire, and the results were used as a reference to build the discourse domain of the input variables of the Fuzzy inference system, which generated an index of 54.1% classified in the category partially sustainable. Specifically, the economic and social dimensions obtained an index of 46.7% and the environmental dimension of 69%. From the perspective of the perception of the respondents, the variables with the greatest impact were: landscape change (LCH) 92%, environmental awareness (EA) and reduction of global warming (GW) with values of both 69%. The variable of the most prominent economic dimension was: cost of the system with a value of 69%. In the social dimension, the variables with the greatest impact were: Community Acceptability (AC), Expansion of the support network (ESN) with values of 69%. The proposed model allowed us to interpret the respondents' perception, and can be used to generate effective actions that solve the identified demands.

Keywords:
Distributed Generation; sustainability; Fuzzy logic; rural communities

Variables	Weighted Value	Index (%)
Environmental	1811,76	45,27
Economic	2247,53	55,67
Social	1941,76	46,32
General index of sustainability		49,08

Dimension	Indicators	Definition
Environmental	Environmental awareness (EA)	It shows the attitude of perceiving the environment in which it is inserted, learning to protect and take care of it.
	Reduces global warming (GW)	It considers the contribution of the DG system with renewable sources in the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.
	Landscape change (LCH)	It evaluates if there has been any negative modification of the landscape, generating an unpleasant sensation.
Economic	Cost System (CS)	Evaluates equipment and installation costs. Shows government actions to facilitate the acquisition and installation of the system.
	Incentive policies (IP)	It evaluates how much the residence served by DG saves with the energy of the concessionaire.
	Reduction of the cost of the energy bill (RCE)	It evaluates how much the residence served by the DG saves with the concessionaire's energy.
Social	Community acceptability (CA)	Shows the acceptance of the community for the installation of the DG.
	Expansion of the support network (ESN)	It considers the expansion of individuals and companies that approached the community after the installation of the DG.
	Job creation (JC)	It assesses whether it generated any type of direct and indirect employment during and after the installation of the DG.

Input
Linguistic Terms	Parameters of the triangular membership function	Display range (Minimum-Maximum)
Low	-36 0 36	0−100
Medium	19 50 80	0−100
High	64 100 136	0−100
Output
Linguistic Terms	Parameters of the triangular membership function	Display range (Minimum-Maximum)
Very Low	-19 0 22	0−100
Low	12 23 43	0−100
Medium	32 46 62	0−100
High	53 69 85	0−100
Very High	75 100 119	0−100

Environmental			Output	Economic			Output	Social			Output
EA	GW	LCH		CS	IP	RCE		CA	ESN	JC
Low	Low	Low	VL	Low	Low	Low	M	Low	Low	Low	VL
Low	Low	Med	L	Low	Low	Med	H	Low	Low	Med	VL
Low	Low	High	M	Low	Low	High	H	Low	Low	High	M
Low	Med	Low	M	Low	Med	Low	H	Low	Med	Low	L
Low	Med	Med	M	Low	Med	Med	H	Low	Med	Med	L
Low	Med	High	H	Low	Med	High	VH	Low	Med	High	M
Low	High	Low	VL	Low	High	Low	H	Low	High	Low	M
Low	High	Med	H	Low	High	Med	VH	Low	High	Med	M
Low	High	High	H	Low	High	High	VH	Low	High	High	H
Med	Low	Low	L	Med	Low	Low	L	Med	Low	Low	VL
Med	Low	Med	M	Med	Low	Med	M	Med	Low	Med	M
Med	Low	High	VH	Med	Low	High	H	Med	Low	High	M
Med	Med	Low	M	Med	Med	Low	M	Med	Med	Low	M
Med	Med	Med	H	Med	Med	Med	H	Med	Med	Med	M
Med	Med	High	VH	Med	Med	High	H	Med	Med	High	H
Med	High	Low	H	Med	High	Low	M	Med	High	Low	M
Med	High	Med	H	Med	High	Med	H	Med	High	Med	H
Med	High	High	VH	Med	High	High	VH	Med	High	High	H
High	Low	Low	H	High	Low	Low	VL	High	Low	Low	M
High	Low	Med	VH	High	Low	Med	L	High	Low	Med	M
High	Low	High	H	High	Low	High	M	High	Low	High	H
High	Med	Low	H	High	Med	Low	VL	High	Med	Low	M
High	Med	Med	H	High	Med	Med	M	High	Med	Med	H
High	Med	High	VH	High	Med	High	M	High	Med	High	H
High	High	Low	H	High	High	Low	M	High	High	Low	H
High	High	Med	VH	High	High	Med	H	High	High	Med	VH
High	High	High	VH	High	High	High	H	High	High	High	VH

Dimension	Simulation	Max. (%)	Min. (%)	Global Index (%)
Dimension	Simulation	Max. (%)	Min. (%)	Max.	Med.	Min.
Environmental	Environmental awareness (EA)	69,00	46,70	92,00	69,00	7,00
	Reduces global warming (GW)	69,00	46,70
	Landscape change (LCH)	92,00	46,70
Social	Community acceptability (CA)	69,00	26,00	92,00	46,70	7,00
	Expansion of the support network (ESN)	69,00	26,00
	Job creation (JC)	46,70	46,70
Economic	Cost System (CS)	46,70	69,00	92,00	46,70	7,00
	Incentive policies (IP)	69,00	46,70
	Reduction of the cost of the energy bill (RCE)	69,00	46,70

Dimension	Spreadsheet (%)	Fuzzy DG Logic (%)
Economic	55,67	46,70
Social	46,32	46,70
Environmental	45.27	69,00
General impact	49,08	54,10

Category	Weighting
Sustainable	79 < index ≤ 100
Parcially sustainable	51 < index ≤ 79
Intermediate	36 < index ≤ 51
Parcially unsustainable	19 < index ≤ 36
Unsustainable	Index ≤ 19

Dimension	System index Fuzzy (%)	Degree of relevance	Category
Economic	46,70	Medium	Intermediate
Social	46,70	Medium	Intermediate
Environmental	69,00	Medium	Parcially sustainable
Impact on DG	54,10	Medium	Parcially sustainable

Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - Tecpar Rua Prof. Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775 - CIC, 81350-010 Curitiba PR Brazil, Tel.: +55 41 3316-3052/3054, Fax: +55 41 3346-2872 - Curitiba - PR - Brazil
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