Repertório comportamental dos ratos-espinhos brasileiros, <i>Trinomys setosus</i> e <i>Clyomys laticeps:</i> diferentes níveis de socialidade

Cantano, L. M. R.; Luchesi, L. C.; Takata, J. T.; Monticelli, P. F.

L. M. R. Cantano

Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto – FFCLRP, Departamento de Psicologia, Laboratório de Etologia e Bioacústica – EBAC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicobiologia em Psicobiologia, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1986-555X

L. C. Luchesi

Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto – FFCLRP, Departamento de Psicologia, Laboratório de Etologia e Bioacústica – EBAC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicobiologia em Psicobiologia, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0792-7373

J. T. Takata

Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto – FFCLRP, Departamento de Psicologia, Laboratório de Etologia e Bioacústica – EBAC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicobiologia em Psicobiologia, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6260-7244

P. F. Monticelli ^**e-mail: laiscantano@gmail.com

Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto – FFCLRP, Departamento de Psicologia, Laboratório de Etologia e Bioacústica – EBAC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicobiologia em Psicobiologia, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9546-4160

*e-mail: laiscantano@gmail.com

Figuras (2)
Tabelas (5)

Thumbnail

Figure 2
Time spent (in seconds) in affiliative and agonistic behaviors by the females and males of T. setosus groups, after seed delivery (a, b, c) and group formation (d, e) in 30 min (1,800s) experimental sections under continuous focal strategy. Groups were formed by 4 individuals (2 males and 2 females), TG1-0 (Meg, Tina, Johnny, Tom); TG1-0’ (Meg, Tina, Johnny, Zac); TG2-0 (Amy, Fanny, Peter, Zac) and TG2-0’ (Amy, Fanny, Peter, Tom).

Thumbnail

Figure 1
a) Spectrogram (bellow) and Oscillogram of the trilled whine uttered during the foot-trembling display. From 0 to 4 seconds, two independent trilled whine syllables uttered by Trinomys setosus- Johnny, after Tina entrance in an empty pairing cage test. After and during Johnny’s whine, Tina uttered sequences of long whistle (from 5s to the end), commonly heard by us whenever one entered the husbandry facilities. The sound was captured from video recordings and saved on a 16 bits wav file, sampled at 44kHz. Spectrogram settings are 0,0134 s Hann window, 88% overlap, 0,0016s hopsize and 21.5 Hz of grid spacing, in Raven Pró 1.5.0. b) Drawing of foot-trembling behavior in T. setosus by J. Takata (Takata et al., 2014TAKATA, J.T., MONTICELLI, P.F. and LUCHESI, L.C., 2014 [viewed 11 April 2019]. Social and acoustic behavior of the spiny-rat of forest, Trinomys setosus denigratus (Rodentia: Echimyidade): a comparison with the Caatinga species, Trinomys yonenagae. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Symposium on Scientific Initiation of the University of São Paulo, September 2014, São Paulo. São Paulo: USP. Available from: siicusp.prp.usp.br/pt/home/). I.initial posture, II. foot-trembling while calling, III. an animal performing movement in dorsal view. Arrows indicate the direction of movement.

Thumbnail

Table 1
Trinomys setosus and Clyomys bishopi group composition. Individuals are cited by the name we adopted and their sex indicated by symbols. The last column shows the time window when observation and sampling behavior occurred (months of year) and the total number of hours sampled to the behavioral analysis. TG are T. setosus groups and CG are C. bishopi groups. The data of first four groups were collected by JTT, and the last ones by LMRC.

Thumbnail

Table 2
Date of birth of Trinomys setosus in captivity (all them mothered by Meg, except Hammy, mothered by Fanny). For those captured in the wild, this information is unknown. TG1 and TG2 are T. setosus groups. LECO: Ecophysiology and Behavior Lab.

Thumbnail

Table 3
The non-aggressive behavioral patterns shown by individuals of our sample of Trinomys setosus and Clyomys bishopi. Behaviors are named following Freitas et al. (2008)FREITAS, J.N.S., EL-HANI, C.N. and DA ROCHA, P.L.B., 2008. Affiliation in four echimyid rodent species based on intrasexual dyadic encounters: evolutionary implications. Ethology, vol. 114, no. 4, pp. 389-397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.2008.01481.x.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.20... .

Thumbnail

Table 4
The aggressive behavioral patterns shown by individuals of our sample of Trinomys setosus and Clyomys bishopi. Behaviors are named following Freitas et al. (2008)FREITAS, J.N.S., EL-HANI, C.N. and DA ROCHA, P.L.B., 2008. Affiliation in four echimyid rodent species based on intrasexual dyadic encounters: evolutionary implications. Ethology, vol. 114, no. 4, pp. 389-397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.2008.01481.x.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.20... .

Thumbnail

Table 5
Occurrences of affiliative and agonistic behaviors in T. yonenagae (based on the literature), Trinomys setosus and Clyomys bishopi (in this study).

Group	Individuals	Period observed/hours
	*Trinomys setosus*
TG1-0	♀ Meg ♀Tina ♂ Johnny ♂ Tom	March 2014/10h
TG2-0	♀Amy ♀ Fanny ♂Peter ♂ Zac	May 2014/10h
TG1-1	♀ Meg ♀Tina ♀ Lola ♀ Bela ♂ Johnny ♂ Zac ♂ Charlie	2015 January to May / 44h
TG1-2	♀Tina ♀ Lola ♀ Sandy ♀ Paris ♂ Johnny ♂ Tom ♂ Charlie ♂ Sticht	2016 February to April and 2016 June / 27h
TG2-1	♀ Kiki ♀ Chloe ♂Peter ♂ Hammy	2015 March to April / 22h
	*Clyomys bishopi*
CG1	♀ F2 ♂ M2	2014 October, 2015 January, July and August / 20h
CG2	♀ F3 ♀ F4 ♂ M3	2014 October and 2015 January /11h
CG3	♀ F4 ♀ F7 ♀ F8	2015 July and August / 19h
CG4	♀ F3 ♀ F5 ♀ F6 ♂ M3	2015 July and August / 21h

Group	Sex/ID	Day of birth	Destination
TG1-1	♀ Lola	10- October-2014	maintained in the laboratory and transferred to LECO (July 2016)
	♂ Charlie	10- October-2014	maintained in the laboratory and transferred to LECO (July 2016)
	♀ Bela	23-January-2015	transferred to another laboratory (LECO; May 2015)
	♀ Linda	23-January-2015	died in February 2015
	♂ Charlie	10- October-2014	maintained in the laboratory
TG1-2	♀ Lola	10- October-2014	maintained in the laboratory and transferred to LECO (July 2016)
	♀ Sandy	20-July-2015	maintained in the laboratory and transferred to LECO (July 2016)
	♀ Paris	20-July-2015	died in August 2016
	♀ Lilo	22-April-2015	transferred to another laboratory (LECO; November 2015)
	♂ Sticht	22-April-2015	maintained in the laboratory and transferred to LECO (July 2016)
TG2-1	♂ Hammy	02-September-2014	maintained in the laboratory and transferred to LECO (July 2016)

Affiliative	Description	*C. bishopi*
Allogrooming	To comb another animal
Approach	To approach another animal
Stop in contact (includes “Place head on the other”)	To lay down or sit in contact. Usually, one animal smells the other before stopping in contact. Animals may lie the head on the others body
Naso-anal contact (includes rostrum contact)	To touch or sniff the anal region of others
Naso-auricular contact	To touch with the muzzle the ear of others with vigorous movements
Naso-tail contact (includes rostrum contact)	To approach, smell or touch on the tail of others
Naso-nasal contact (includes rostrum-rostrum contact)	To touch the nasal region of others
Naso-lumbar contact (includes rostrum contact)	To touch the lumbar region of others with the muzzle, mouth or other region of the face
Touch with forefeet	To touch the head or chest of another animal with the front paws	Not observed
Mount	To approach the partner by placing the front paws on the back, whether or not followed by pelvic movements
Foot-trembling display	To tap the soil in rapid movements of the hind legs, moving up and down the posterior region of the body. Accompanied by trilled whine (Figure 1)	Not observed

Agonistics	Description	*T. setosus*	*C. bishopi*
Advance	To move fast toward another animal without physical contact
Attack	To approach abruptly from another animal, and may or may not bite it
Bite	To bite another animal and eventually causing it to flee
Chase	To follow another animal at high speed
Face the other	To approach the face of another animal slowly, stopping at a distance smaller than a body
Grab from behind	To grab another animal with its front legs, remaining in that position for a moment or pushing
Hit	To hit on the lombar region or on the head of another animal with one or two front paws
Run away (turn away vigorously)	To move in the opposite direction of an animal that chases it

		Occurrences
Categories	Social behaviour	*T. yonenagae*	*T. setosus*	*C. bishopi*
Agonistic	Advance	✓	✓	✓
	Attack	✓	✓	✓
	Bite	✓	✓	✓
	Chase	✓	✓	✓
	Face the other	X	✓	✓
	Grab from behind	✓	✓	✓
	Hit	X	✓	✓
	Kick with a single foot	X*	X	Not observed
	Run away (turn away vigorously)	✓	✓	✓
Affiliative	Allogrooming	✓	✓	✓
	Approach	✓	✓	✓
	Body contact	✓	✓	✓
	Mount (reproductive)	✓	✓	✓
	Naso (rostrum)-anal contact	✓	✓	✓
	Naso (rostrum)-auricular contact	✓	✓	✓
	Naso (rostrum)-tail contact	✓**	✓	✓
	Naso (rostrum)-body contact	✓	✓	✓
	Naso (rostrum)-nasal contact	✓	✓	✓
	Naso (rostrum)-lumbar contact	✓	✓	✓
	Stop in contact	✓	✓	✓
	Touch with forefeet	✓	✓	Not observed
	Trembling	X	✓	Not observed

[1] *e-mail: laiscantano@gmail.com

Brasil

Brasil

Repertório comportamental dos ratos-espinhos brasileiros, Trinomys setosus e Clyomys laticeps: diferentes níveis de socialidade

Resumo