Distribuição sazonal e preferência de uso de habitat de veados-latidos (Muntiacus vaginalis) no Parque Nacional Murree-Kotli Sattian-Kahuta, Punjab Paquistão

Habiba, U.; Anwar, M.; Hussain, M.; Khatoon, R.; Khan, K. A.; Bano, S. A.; Hussain, A.; Khalil, S.; Akhter, Andleeb; Akhter, Ali

U. Habiba ^**e-mail: habiba8@uoh.edu.pk

Department of Wildlife Management, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5135-1308

M. Anwar

Department of Wildlife Management, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9215-7280

M. Hussain

Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-9642

R. Khatoon

Department of Wildlife Management, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1337-686X

K. A. Khan

College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8403-2322

S. A. Bano

Department of Microbiology, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9321-0925

A. Hussain

Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0685-6443

S. Khalil

Department of Forestry Range and Wildlife Management, The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Pakistan

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9386-8540

Andleeb Akhter

Department of Psychology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3926-9053

Ali Akhter

Department of Wildlife Management, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan

*e-mail: habiba8@uoh.edu.pk

Site Number	Site name	Location		Elevation (m)	Slope (%)	Aspect	Area of transect (km²)
Site Number	Site name	North	East	Elevation (m)	Slope (%)	Aspect	Area of transect (km²)
1	Kathar	33.789677	73.29900123	735-785	20-30	East	3.83
2	Baroha	33.79889627	73.22007127	498-928	50	Northeast	7.5
3	Benghal	33.69403773	73.42551447	728-923	70	North	3.17
4	Salgran	33.82647088	73.29059175	814-1229	40	South	2.67
5	Angoori	33.79181875	73.352729	798-1143	40-50	West	6
6	Numble	33.84065123	73.32231038	1160-1263	60	Northeast	5.67
7	Simli	33.85787864	73.32660107	1073-1263	50	Northeast	6.33
8	Phaphril	33.86014256	73.407826	798-1263	70	North	4
9	Gura	33.59281476	73.55842247	557-593	60-70	North	6.27
10	Thoa	33.675747	73.5657615	452-960	40-50	West	7.33
11	Slamber	33.65923889	73.48762222	630-852	30	Southeast	6.27
12	Keral	33.79197273	73.22409836	580-899	50	South	2.3
13	Dalatar	33.657514	73.35559725	740-975	80	East	1.1
14	Beor	33.59296021	73.55634746	538-654	40	North	5.33
15	Seri	33.54116414	73.56057514	545-575	60	Southeast	4.6
16	Sang	33.69057021	73.42647486	538-618	60	Northwest	4
17	Khalol	33.57534213	73.55849106	547-745	20-30	North	4
18	Narh	33.54092813	73.52388563	547-745	30-40	West	3.17
19	Badnian	33.79432177	73.52552046	835-1250	60	East	3.5
20	Makrosh	33.77104682	73.55702127	598-1061	40	Northeast	4.33
21	Thun	33.75810145	73.54085918	977-1120	70	North	3.67
22	Santh Sarula	33.842698	73.55469822	994-1277	60	Southwest	3.33
23	Santh Anwali	33.85818907	73.5751766	663-951	70	North	6.12
24	Chakka	33.75858256	73.44178306	735-786	30	North	4

Sr. No.	Vernacular Name	Scientific Name
Trees
1	Phulai	Acacia modesta
2	Kikar	Acacia nilotica
3	khair	Acacia catechu
4	shirin	Albizia lebbeck
5	Kali siris	Albizia odoratissima
6	Kachnar	Bauhinia varigata
7	Kharrak	Celtis australis
8	Tali	Dalbergia sissoo
9	Phagwara	Ficus bipinnata
10	Kanju	flacourtia indica
11	‎Dhaman	Grewia optiva
12	Kamila	Mallotus philippinensis
13	Kahu	Olea ferruginea
14	Amla	Phyllanthus emblica
15	Chir pine	Pinus roxburghii
16	Blue Pine	Pinus wallichiana
17	Khajoor	Phoenix loureiri
18	kakkar	Pistacia chinensis
19	Batangi	Pyrus pashia
20	Rein, Ban	Quercus incana
21	Jaman	Syzygium cumini
22	Dandal	Xylosma longifolia
23	Beri	Zizyphus mauritiana
Shrubs
1	Sumbul	Berberis lyceum
2	Grinda	Carissa opaca
3	Ghugtai, Dalochi.	Deutzia staminea
4	Sanatha	Dodonaea viscosa
5	Lainda	Galium asperifolium
6	Bhaikar	Justicia adhatoda
7	Panch phul	Lantana camara
8	Bush clover	Lespedeza cuneata
9	Pataki	Maytenus royleanus
10	Gukoon	Myrsine Africana
11	Ganhira	Nerium oleander
12	Daruna	Puncia granatum
13	Brazan, shingari	Rosa webbiana
14	Aakhara	Rubus ellipticus
15	Bansathra	Sarcococca saligna
16	Dhawi	Woodfordia fruticosa
17	khair	Ziziphus nummularia
Herbs
1		Adiantum incisum
2	Bansa-Siya	Barleria cristata
3		Diclyptera bupleuroides
4	Surkh Akhra	Duchesnea indica
5	Lal booti	Euphorbia aucheri
6	Torki	Indigofera linifolia
7	Jangli gobi	Launaea procumbens
8		Lespedeza floribunda
9	-	Lespedeza juncea
10	Baburi, Boine	Micromeria biflora
11	Khatti buti	Oxalis corniculata
12	Kali jiri	Saussurea heteromella
13	Dil-Patri	Sida cordifolia
14	Beni	Thalictrum foetidum
Grasses
1	Chhant, Ghagari	Apluda mutica
2		Aristida mutabilis
3	Palwan	Bothriochloa ischaemum
4		Brachiaria ramose
5	Khuskus grass	Cymbopogon jwarancusa
6	Khabal	Cynodon dactylon
7	Dab grass	Desmostachya bipinnata
8	Palwan Murgha, Marvel	Dichanthium annulatum
9	Mandhano	Eleusine indica
10	Sarriyala Gaas	Heteropogon contortus
11	Kulfi gass, Siru	Imperata cylindrica
12		koeleria macrantha
13	Loonder/ White grass	Themeda anathera

S.No.	Plant Species	Density	Frequency	cover	Relative Density	Relative Frequency	Relative cover	Importance Value
Tree
1	Acacia catechu	0.3	2.4	0.7	0.19	2.7	0.71	3.6
2	Acacia modesta	2.4	34.7	2.8	1.55	39.08	2.84	43.47
3	Acacia nilotica	1.5	10.4	0.8	0.97	11.71	0.81	13.49
4	Albizia lebbeck	0.7	14.6	1.2	0.45	16.44	1.22	18.11
5	Albizia odoratissima	0.1	1.3	0.4	0.06	1.46	0.41	1.93
6	Bauhinia varigata	0.6	5.6	0.4	0.39	6.31	0.41	7.11
7	Celtis australis	1.3	19.8	1.1	0.84	22.3	1.12	24.26
8	Dalbergia sissoo	1.8	16.8	1.2	1.16	18.92	1.22	21.3
9	Ficus bipinnata	0.1	3.2	0.4	0.06	3.6	0.41	4.07
10	Flacourtia indica	1.1	24.5	1.4	0.71	27.59	1.42	29.72
11	Grewia optiva	0.3	5.1	0.6	0.19	5.74	0.61	6.54
12	Mallotus philippinensis	2.1	34.4	2.8	0.01	38.74	2.84	41.59
13	Olea ferruginea	1.5	41.2	2.3	0.97	46.4	2.33	49.7
14	Phyllanthus emblica	0.9	5.3	1.8	0.58	5.97	1.83	8.38
15	Pinus roxburghii	1.2	42.4	12.7	0.78	47.75	12.89	61.42
16	Pinus wallichiana	2.7	31.2	3.1	1.75	35.14	3.15	40.04
17	Phoenix loureiri	0.5	4.3	1.2	0.32	4.84	1.22	6.38
18	Pistacia chinensis	0.1	2.3	1.4	0.06	2.59	1.42	4.07
19	Pyrus pashia	0.6	7.1	0.3	0.39	7.1	0.3	7.79
20	Quercus incana	1.6	18.7	3.0	1.03	21.06	3.05	25.14
21	Syzygium cumini	0.1	2.3	1.4	0.06	2.59	1.42	4.07
22	Xylosma longifolia	1.9	17.3	0.8	1.23	19.48	0.81	21.52
23	Ziziphus mauritiana	0.5‘	6.2	0.7	0.19	2.7	0.71	3.6
Shrubs
1	Berberis lyceum	0.3	2.7	1.5	0.19	3.04	1.52	4.75
2	Carissa opaca	21.8	87.4	32.3	14.1	98.42	32.8	145.32
3	Deutzia staminea	0.7	4.2	0.9	0.45	4.73	0.91	6.09
4	Dodonaea viscosa	15.6	76.7	20.0	10.1	87.37	20.3	117.77
5	Galium asperifolium	0.2	2.4	1.3	0.13	2.7	1.32	4.15
6	Justicia adhatoda	5.7	29.8	2.1	3.69	33.56	2.13	39.38
7	Lantana camara	1.3	12.7	2.0	0.84	14.3	2.03	17.17
8	Lespedeza cuneata	4.3	43.6	1.2	2.78	49.1	1.22	53.1
9	Maytenus royleanus	3.1	73.2	2.4	2.01	82.43	2.44	86.88
10	Myrsine africana	6.7	61.4	14.5	4.33	69.14	14.72	88.19
11	Nerium oleander	1.7	14.2	0.9	1.1	15.1	0.91	17.11
12	Puncia granatum	1.7	36.8	0.8	1.1	41.44	0.81	43.35
13	Rosa webbiana	0.6	2.8	1.7	0.39	3.15	1.73	5.27
14	Rubus ellipticus	5.2	32.4	11.5	3.36	36.49	11.68	51.53
15	Sarcococca saligna	0.4	2.2	1.3	0.26	2.48	1.32	4.06
16	Woodfordia fruticosa	4.4	53.8	2.7	2.85	60.59	2.74	66.18
17	Ziziphus nummularia	0.2	1.8	0.7	0.13	2.03	0.71	2.87
Herbs
1	Adiantum incisum	5.2	18.9	2.2	3.36	21.28	2.23	26.87
2	Barleria cristata	0.4	9.6	0.2	0.29	10.81	0.2	11.3
3	Diclyptera bupleuroides	2.3	4.5	0.8	1.49	5.068	0.81	7.37
4	Duchesnea indica	2.7	5.5	0.4	1.75	6.19	0.41	8.35
5	Euphorbia aucheri	5.6	18.9	1.7	3.62	21.28	1.73	26.63
6	Indigofera linifolia	1.7	3.5	0.8	1.1	3.94	0.81	5.85
7	Launaea procumbens	0.4	7.8	0.1	0.26	8.78	0.1	9.14
7	Lespedeza floribunda	0.1	1.8	0.4	0.06	2.03	0.41	2.5
9	Lespedeza juncea	0.3	1.2	0.6	0.19	1.35	0.61	2.15
10	Micromeria biflora	2.8	39.7	0.6	1.81	44.71	0.61	47.13
11	Oxalis corniculata	7.6	23.9	1.4	4.92	26.91	1.42	33.25
12	Saussurea heteromella	7.3	27.6	0.9	4.72	31.08	0.91	36.71
13	Sida cordifolia	3.1	47.3	1.2	2.01	53.27	1.22	56.5
14	Thalictrum foetidum	1.2	5.6	0.3	0.78	6.31	0.3	7.39
Grasses
1	Apluda mutica	2.1	17.3	1.6	1.36	19.48	1.62	22.46
2	Aristida mutabilis	1.7	0.5	0.3	1.1	0.56	0.3	1.96
3	Bothriochloa ischaemum	1.6	9.1	1.5	1.03	10.25	1.52	12.8
4	Brachiaria ramose	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.22	0.1	0.52
5	Cymbopogon jwarancusa	3.4	12.3	2.6	2.2	13.85	2.64	18.69
6	Cynodon dactylon	1.9	10.3	1.4	1.23	11.6	1.42	14.25
7	Desmostachya bipinnata	0.3	0.2	0	0.2	0.21	0	0.41
8	Dichanthium annulatum	1.7	9.3	1.2	1.1	10.47	1.22	12.79
9	Eleusine indica	0.3	0.1	0	0.2	0.11	0	0.31
10	Heteropogon contortus	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.26	0.11	0.1	0.47
11	Imperata cylindrical	0.8	0.5	0.3	0.52	0.56	0.3	1.38
12	koeleria macrantha	0.5	0.7	0.2	0.32	0.79	0.2	1.31
13	Themeda anathera	1.1	0.4	0.2	0.71	0.45	0.2	1.36

R e l a t i v e d e n s i t y (R D) = \frac{T o t a l n u m b e r o f i n d i v i d u a l s o f a s p e c i e s x 100}{T o t a l n u m b e r o f a l l i n d i v i d u a l s o f a l l s p e c i e s}

[1] *e-mail: habiba8@uoh.edu.pk

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Distribuição sazonal e preferência de uso de habitat de veados-latidos (Muntiacus vaginalis) no Parque Nacional Murree-Kotli Sattian-Kahuta, Punjab Paquistão

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