Two new species of Pedinotus Szépligeti 1902 ( Hymenoptera : Braconidae : Doryctinae ) from the Savannah in São Paulo state ,

Two new species of Pedinotus genus are described from the Brazilian savannah area, providing a new key to identify the species.


Introduction
The savannah vegetation is the second Brazilian biome, occupying 21% of the national territory, where 44% of the flora is endemic, and so this Brazilian biome is considered the most diverse tropical savannah of the world (Klink and Machado, 2005).The destruction of this ecosystem continues to increase, with 55% of it having been deforested or changed by humans (Klink and Machado, 2005).
To protect and restore the biodiversity, or even to exploit rationally the resources, it is necessary to improve knowledge about biodiversity (Tundisi and Matsumara-Tundisi, 2008).Local estimates that do not consider invertebrates omit most of the biota that they purport to measure, rejecting the segment of fauna that most contributes to the essential processes of the ecosystems (Silva and Brandão, 1999).
Parasitic wasps are important for regulating insect populations, and contribute to the maintenance of ecologic balance in ecosystems.
Doryctinae is one of the most diverse subfamilies of Braconidae (Wharton et al., 1997;Marsh 2002Marsh , 2002;;Belokobylskij et al., 2004) with almost 1000 described species and roughly 180 recognised genera, of which two thirds are distributed in the Neotropical region (Zaldivar-Riverón et al., 2008).This subfamily forms a monophyletic Colour: Head including antennae black, palpi yellow; mesosoma predominantly black, propodeum and metapleuron red, propleuron and pronotal collar black; metasoma mostly red; ovipositor and sheaths blackish; legs honey yellow, with middle and hind coxae, hind trochanter, trochantelus and all tarsomeres black; basal half of hind femur and apex of hind tibia brown; wings dusky with veins brown and stigma yellow (Figure 1); tegula reddish brown.Head: face with central area smooth and protruding (Figure 2), malar space rugose and vertex striate, frons, gena and temple smooth; malar space 0.3 eye height; ocell-ocular distance 2.5 times the diameter of lateral ocellus; antennae broken with at least 34 antennomeres.Mesosoma: pronotum smooth and polished; pronotal groove impressed, scrobiculate; mesoscutal lobes smooth and polished; notauli scrobiculated, meeting before scutellum in a large rugose area; pré-scutellar sulcus carinate, scutellum slightly punctuate; mesopleuron including subalar groove smooth and polished, sternaulus absent; propodeum smooth laterally, punctuate apico-dorsally, median carina present basally, two apical lateral carinae (Figure 3).Legs: apical lateral tubercle of hind coxa distinct and strongly protruding; fore tibia with a row of five to seven conspicuous anterodorsal spines; middle tibia with row of four to five anterodorsal spines (Figure 4).Wings: Fore wing with vein 1cu-a post-furcal with vein 1M; first subdiscal cell closed at apex, 2cu-a present; hind wing with vein r-m 0.17 length of vein 1M; M + CU 0.3 length This study is part of a large project covering the richness and diversity of Doryctinae from Savannah areas in São Paulo state, Brazil.Two new species of Pedinotus genus are described from the Brazilian savannah area and a key to identify the species is proposed.

Material and Methods
The specimens were collected from the Savannah area at the Parque Estadual de Vassununga, 21° 40' 56'' S and 47º 37' 13'' W Santa Rita do Passa Quatro in São Paulo state, Brazil.The genus was identified using Marsh (2002).
The material examined was compared with the holotype of P.tundisii Félix and Penteado-Dias, 2004, to confirm the diagnostic characters of the genus.To compare with the original descriptions of the other species and for sculptures, we used Marsh ( 2002) and Félix and Penteado-Dias (2004).Specimens are deposited at the DCBU collection (Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva da Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil).Félix and Penteado-Dias, 2004) 1.

Key to Neotropical species of Pedinotus (Modified from
Head  Comments.This species is distinguished from P. rojasi by malar space rugose and striate, mesosoma mostly black, metasoma red dorsally, legs honey yellow, middle leg with coxa black and row of four to five anterodorsal spines on the middle tibia; trochanter and trochantelus black, last tarsomeres black; wings dusky with brown veins; propodeum smooth laterally and punctuate apico-dorsally; semicircular area of second tergum coarsely punctate.
Etymology.The species name refers to Parque Estadual de Vassununga, the collecting place.Pedinotus fasciatus sp.n.Female, body length 60 mm.Colour: Head with temple and gena yellow, vertex varying from yellow to dark brown, face and malar space yellow, face black only medially, antennae with scape and pedicel yellow with brown stripe laterally, flagellomeres brown, palpi white; mesosoma varying from light to dark brown; metasoma with first tergum black dorsally, remainder terga marked with black and yellow; wings lightly dusky, veins brown and black; stigma dark brown, tegula light yellow; legs light yellow, marked of brown; fore and middle coxae light yellow; hind coxa light brown, trochantellus partially brown, tarsi brownish (Figure 5).Head: face rugose, vertex and temple smooth, frons slightly scavate and transversally striate; malar space 0.3 eye height; ocell-ocular distance twice diameter of lateral ocellus; clypeus smooth, oral opening equal length malar space, 40 antennomeres (Figures 6 and 7).Mesosoma: pronotum smooth, pronotal groove scrobiculate; mesoscutal lobes and pronotal lobes smooth; notauli scrobiculate anteriorly, meeting before scutellum in a rugose carinate area; scutellum smooth; mesopleuron including subalar groove smooth, sternaulus, complete and scrobiculate (Figure 8); propodeum weakly punctuate latero-dorsally, lateral carinae distinct.Legs (Figure 9): hind coxa with antero-dorsal tubercle distinctly protruding; fore tibia with seven to nine anterodorsal spines distributed irregularly; middle tibia with a row of anterodorsal spines on dorsal surface.Wings: fore wing vein 1cu-a post-furcal, first subdiscal cell present; hind wing vein r-m 0.15 length of vein 1M; M + CU 0.35 length 1M.Metasoma (Figure 10 Comments.This species is distinguished from P. ferrugineus by white palpi, light yellow tegula, light yellow legs with brown marks; sternaulus complete and scrobiculate; propodeum punctate latero-dorsally; fourth, fifth and sixth terga of metasoma punctate on basal area; ovipositor slightly longer than metasoma.
Etymology.The name refers to the colour of the legs of the specimens.