New species of Metopiinae ( Hymenoptera , Ichneumonidae ) from Brazil

Two new species of Trieces and Metopius from Brazil are described and illustrated. These new species were found during a large study of the neotropical fauna of Metopiinae with emphasis in the fauna of Brazilian Atlantic Forest (Project BIOTA/FAPESP). Diagnosis and distribution information for each species are provided.


Introduction
The Metopiinae is a medium-sized cosmopolitan subfamily of Ichneumonidae with members distinguished by having the lower face and clypeus confluent and not separated by an impressed groove; most species possess a shelf-like protuberance below the antennal insertion and having the pronotum laterally concave and rather broadly rounded posteriorly, broadly occluding the spiracular sclerite.They are small to large, often blackish, brownish or occasionally aposematic, yellow and black-banded.Metopiines are koinobiont endoparasitoids of Lepidoptera, comprising aproximately 700 described species world-wide, which are classified in 27 genera (Yu and Horstmann, 1997).In general the subfamily is quite well represented in all parts of the world from cool temperate habitats to the tropics.Townes, H. and Townes, M. (1966) included 8 genera and 24 species from the Neotropical region.Gauld et al. (2002) found 14 genera and 130 species of Metopiinae in Costa Rica fauna and De Santis (1980) have found only seven Metopiinae species in Brazil fauna distributed in four genera.Studying the material from the DCBU collection of the Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva da Universidade Federal de São Carlos, SP, Brazil, from different localities we have registered several new species and new occurrence of species for Brazilian fauna (Loffredo and Penteado-Dias, 2008a, b;Onody et al., 2009).not reflexed; subgenital plate hirsute peripherally; clasper apically subacute.
Head black with mouthparts, face and frontal orbits whitish; scape yellow, flagellum orange with distal 15 flagellomeres blackish (Figure 21).Mesosoma black with upper hind part of pronotum, pair of lateromedian longitudinal yellow marks centrally extending from anterior margin almost to hind margin, scutelum and dorsellum with light yellow marks; subalar prominence and circular patch on upper part of mesopleuron bright yellow (Figure 21).Metasoma yellowish, with tergite I whitish; tergite II-IV yellowish with anterior 0.3 of lenght whitish (Figure 21).Anterior two pairs of legs yellow, with coxa, trochanter and base of femur whitish; hind legs yellowish brown, with base of coxa and femur weakly whitish; hind tarsus yellow (Figure 21).Fore wings weakly infumate (Figure 21).
This new species belongs to the group traditionally called the subgenus Peltales, which Gauld et al. (2002) preferred to call the Metopius errantius species-group, recognised by the tergites I and II being more or less fused (Figures 7, 8).The specimens were collected in midland undisturbed habitats in the Amazonian and Atlantic forests of Brazil.
Trieces intervales sp.n. 20;22) Trieces Townes, 1946 is a large cosmopolitan genus comprising 66 described species, occurring mainly in northern temperate habitats (Yu and Horstmann, 1997;Yu et al., 2005).It is characterised by a sharpsided metasoma with more or less no discernible laterotergites on the anterior six segments, by the flat and strong laterally carinate scutellum, and by the flattened mesopleuron.Townes, H. and Townes, M. (1966) cited a single species, T. platysoma Townes, 1946, recorded  Etymology.The name refers to the Parque Estadual de Intervales where the holotype was collected.
Etymology.The name refers to Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, where the holotype specimen was collected.
Diagnosis.Metopius tingua sp.n. differs of M. quambus Gauld and Sithole, 2002 by scutellum black with lateral longitudinal carina and posterior margin, including the two lateral short points light yellow; propodeum and metapleuron yellow (♀) or yellow with black marks (♂); metasoma yellowish; all tergite I light yellow; legs yellow; tergite III with lateral longitudinal carina present on anterior 2/3; male with 34 flagellomeres.

Description
Male: fore wing (Figure 19) length 4.9 mm; lower face without a median vertical carina extending from apex of clypeus to median ventral margin of carina around facial shield (Figures 1, 2); shield-shaped lower face with coriaceous microsculpture (Figures 2, 3); maxillary palp with second palpomere weakly swollen subapically, strongly clavate; interantennal lamella long, with rugose sculpture (Figure 4), extending about 0.6 of way to median ocellus, tapered, strongly concave and with upper end truncate and free from frons (Figures 1, 4); frons with little median prominence; lateral ocellus separated from eye by slightly less than its own maximum diameter.Antenna moderately short, weakly setaceous, with 34 flagellomeres, the median ones almost quadrate.Pronotum closely punctate on upper periphery, centrally smooth, its lower 0.3 or so with a few longitudinal rugae; mesoscutum coarsely punctate (Figure 5), with notaular area slightly rugose; scutellum very strongly transverse, with posterior end of lateral longitudinal carina produced into a long point that barely reaches 0.5 of metanotum (Figures 5, 6); mesopleuron centrally finely and moderately sparsely punctate; metapleuron with few pubescence dorsally, ventrally smooth with isolated rugae.Propodeum with lateromedian longitudinal carinae parallel anteriorly, rather evenly rounded posteriorly; anterior transverse carina well behind front margin of propodeum where it joins the lateromedian longitudinal carina; area externa trapezoidal, large, with few setiferous pubescence.Metasoma (Figures 7-8) with tergite I in profile clearly shorter than tergite II, anteriorly very steeply rounded, with lateral and lateromedian longitudinal carinae strong and complete, the later parallel; tergite II about 1.0 times as long as posteriorly broad, weakly broadened so that posterior margin is 1.3 times as broad as the anterior one, with lateromedian longitudinal carina present anteriorly, extending 0.4 of length of tergite (Figure 8); lateral longitudinal carina strong and lateral to this very coarsely punctate, almost reticulate, posterolaterally with a small tooth (Figure 7); tergite III with lateral longitudinal carina extending 0.8 of length of tergite, with a rounded promontory posterolaterally; tergites II-IV medioventrally with triangular prominence (Figure 7); tergite IV as tergite III but without a distinct longitudinal carina; laterotergites IV-V weakly sclerotised; tergites V-VII slightly transverse, finely punctate, tergite VII with hind margin sharp, but Diagnosis.Trieces intervales sp.n. is different from T. riodinis Gauld and Sithole, 2002 by the eyes without dense pubescence; maxillary palp 5-segmented with first and second palpomeres inflated; outer hind tibia spur slender, about 0.7 length of the inner; hind leg brown, with tibia basally whitish.

Description
Female: fore wing (Figure 20) length 4.1mm; lower face weakly swollen (Figure 9), antennae inserted subvertically, region behind ocelli steeply declivous, but not concave; lower face in anterior view, about 0.8 as high as wide, finely punctate over entire surface; maxillary palp Most of the specimens were collected in undisturbed mid altitude sites in the Atlantic forest of Brazil.They present a large latitudinal distribution from 09° 19' S to 24° 18' 18" S. 5-segmented; labial palp 4-segmented; second and third maxillary palpomere flattened and broadened, distal two slender; mandible with upper tooth obliquely truncate, long, lower tooth short and stout (Figure 10), malar space 0.9-1.0 times basal mandibular width (Figure 9); clypeal margin very slightly concave; interantennal process small and acute; frons weakly convex, sparsely punctate (Figure 11); surface of eye without fine conspicuous pubescence (Figures 12-13); gena evenly rounded behind the eye, posterior ocellus separated from eye 0.6 times its own maximum diameter.Antenna with 25-28 flagellomeres slightly elongate.Mesoscutum convex, sparsely punctate, without any impressions (Figure 14), scutellum smooth with sparse punctures; mesopleuron smooth with few very fine setiferous punctures dorsally, epicnemial carina complete, curved to meet anterior margin of pleuron just below subalar prominence (Figure 15); metapleuron smooth with a few rugae above and parallel to juxtacoxal carina (Figure 15).Propodeum (Figure 14) with lateromedian longitudinal carinae weakly divergent, the combined area externa + dentipara flat, with very fine setiferous punctures.Fore and mid legs with tarsal claw small and pectinate; outer mid tibial spur short, about 0.6 length of the inner; hind leg with tarsal claw simple (Figure 16); outer hind spur about 0.7 of the length of the inner.Metasoma (Figures 17-18) with tergite I with area between lateromedian and lateral longitudinal carina with sparse shallow punctures; tergites II-III with area between median and lateral longitudinal carina sparselly punctate; tergite III with lateral carinae extending about 0.6 of its length, the median are shorter (Figure 18).
Male: similar to female in structure and colour.