Ecomorphological correlates of twenty dominant fish species of Amazonian floodplain lakes

Siqueira-Souza, F. K.; Bayer, C.; Caldas, W. H.; Cardoso, D. C.; Yamamoto, K. C.; Freitas, C. E. C.

doi:10.1590/1519-6984.16215

F. K. Siqueira-Souza

Departamento de Ciências Pesqueiras, Universidade Federal do Amazonas – UFAM, Av. General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos, 6200, Campus Universitário, CEP 69077-000, Manaus, AM, Brazil

C. Bayer

University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT 59812, Missoula, Montana, United States of America

W. H. Caldas

Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, CEP 69067-375, Manaus, AM, Brazil

D. C. Cardoso

Departamento de Ciências Pesqueiras, Universidade Federal do Amazonas – UFAM, Av. General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos, 6200, Campus Universitário, CEP 69077-000, Manaus, AM, Brazil

K. C. Yamamoto

Departamento de Ciências Pesqueiras, Universidade Federal do Amazonas – UFAM, Av. General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos, 6200, Campus Universitário, CEP 69077-000, Manaus, AM, Brazil

C. E. C. Freitas ^**e-mail: cefreitas@ufam.edu.br

Departamento de Ciências Pesqueiras, Universidade Federal do Amazonas – UFAM, Av. General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos, 6200, Campus Universitário, CEP 69077-000, Manaus, AM, Brazil

*e-mail: cefreitas@ufam.edu.br

Family	Species	Code	N	Feeding Behavior
Anostomidae	Leporinus friderici	lef	14	Omnivore^a a Froese and Pauly (2015); bMérona and Rankin-de-Mérona (2004).
Anostomidae	Leporinus trifasciatus	let	10	Frugivoreb
Anostomidae	Rhythiodus microlepis	rhm	11	Leaf eater^a a Froese and Pauly (2015); bMérona and Rankin-de-Mérona (2004).
Anostomidae	Schizodon fasciatus	scf	13	Herbivore^a a Froese and Pauly (2015); bMérona and Rankin-de-Mérona (2004).
Callichthyidae	Hoplosternum litoralle	hol	6	Leaf eater^a a Froese and Pauly (2015); bMérona and Rankin-de-Mérona (2004).
Characidae	Brycon amazonicus	bra	28	Aquatic invertb
Characidae	Colossoma macropomum	com	15	Omnivore^a a Froese and Pauly (2015); bMérona and Rankin-de-Mérona (2004).
Characidae	Mylossoma aureum	mya	27	Omnivoreb
Characidae	Mylossoma duriventre	myd	25	Herbivore^a a Froese and Pauly (2015); bMérona and Rankin-de-Mérona (2004).
Characidae	Piaractus brachypomus	pib	6	Frugivoreb
Characidae	Triportheus albus	tra	69	Frugivoreb
Characidae	Triportheus elongatus	tre	25	Unsp. Herbivoreb
Cichlidae	Mesonauta festivus	mef	9	Insetivore^a a Froese and Pauly (2015); bMérona and Rankin-de-Mérona (2004).
Curimatidae	Potamorhina altamazonica	poa	59	Omnivore^a a Froese and Pauly (2015); bMérona and Rankin-de-Mérona (2004).
Curimatidae	Potamorhina latior	pol	48	Detritivore^a a Froese and Pauly (2015); bMérona and Rankin-de-Mérona (2004).
Curimatidae	Psectrogaster rutiloides	psr	39	Detritivoreb
Hemiodontidae	Anodus elongates	anl	29	Plants/detritus^a a Froese and Pauly (2015); bMérona and Rankin-de-Mérona (2004).
Hemiodontidae	Hemiodus immaculatus	hei	46	Planktivore^a a Froese and Pauly (2015); bMérona and Rankin-de-Mérona (2004).
Prochilodontidae	Prochilodus nigricans	prn	12	Insectivore^a a Froese and Pauly (2015); bMérona and Rankin-de-Mérona (2004).
Prochilodontidae	Semaprochilodus insignis	pei	24	Detritivore^a a Froese and Pauly (2015); bMérona and Rankin-de-Mérona (2004).

Species code	CI	RD	CPC	PAF	FVI	RWCP	RHCP	RHH	VEP
anl	1.698 (0.26)	0.205 (0.01)	1.805 (0.34)	1.130 (0.24)	0.584 (0.06)	0.311 (0.06)	0.324 (0.02)	0.748 (0.13)	0.625 (0.11)
bra	2.304 (0.33)	0.352 (0.04)	2.264 (0.54)	1.296 (0.22)	0.472 (0.07)	0.297 (0.10)	0.273 (0.03)	0.663 (0.09)	0.781 (0.07)
com	3.596 (0.40)	0.562 (0.04)	2.370 (0.54)	1.397 (0.14)	0.532 (0.02)	0.293 (0.09)	0.182 (0.02)	0.544 (0.04)	0.748 (0.03)
hei	1.775 (0.18)	0.250 (0.01)	1.942 (0.33)	0.999 (0.12)	0.547 (0.05)	0.303 (0.05)	0.325 (0.02)	0.637 (0.04)	0.705 (0.04)
hol	1.282 (0.13)	0.305 (0.01)	2.229 (0.19)	1.012 (0.09)	0.687 (0.05)	0.270 (0.03)	0.467 (0.02)	0.817 (0.02)	0.708 (0.11)
lef	1.947 (0.36)	0.311 (0.02)	2.010 (0.32)	1.047 (0.20)	0.620 (0.05)	0.329 (0.06)	0.338 (0.03)	0.679 (0.03)	0.775 (0.04)
let	1.909 (0.25)	0.304 (0.02)	1.935 (0.36)	1.046 (0.12)	0.586 (0.09)	0.340 (0.08)	0.337 (0.08)	0.675 (0.03)	0.808 (0.04)
mef	3.392 (0.38)	0.530 (0.03)	5.103 (0.87)	1.550 (0.17)	0.452 (0.12)	0.231 (0.04)	0.341 (0.03)	0.641 (0.06)	0.768 (0.06)
mya	5.660 (0.86)	1.010 (0.36)	3.090 (0.47)	1.800 (0.27)	0.562 (0.12)	0.249 (0.03)	0.132 (0.03)	0.328 (0.07)	0.778 (0.06)
myd	4.846 (0.94)	0.719 (0.11)	2.661 (0.47)	1.540 (0.27)	0.564 (0.04)	0.245 (0.05)	0.137 (0.05)	0.377 (0.04)	0.822 (0.05)
pib	3.883 (0.41)	0.591 (0.02)	2.606 (0.91)	1.550 (0.14)	0.526 (0.04)	0.297 (0.08)	0.184 (0.02)	0.557 (0.06)	0.783 (0.04)
poa	2.278 (0.21)	0.334 (0.03)	2.375 (0.45)	1.205 (.014)	0.586 (0.05)	0.334 (0.46)	0.287 (0.03)	0.635 (0.07)	0.758 (0.05)
pol	2.860 (0.45)	0.345 (0.05)	2.513 (0.51)	1.283 (0.23)	0.580 (0.04)	0.325 (0.07)	0.280 (0.04)	0.561 (0.08)	0.761 (0.16)
prn	2.704 (1.16)	0.550 (0.709)	2.482 (0.57)	1.325 (0.12)	0.553 (0.12)	0.329 (0.07)	0.317 (0.07)	0.565 (0.14)	0.864 (0.04)
psr	2.338 (0.27)	0.360 (0.02)	2.853 (0.63)	1.296 (0.19)	0.598 (0.04)	0.246 (0.05)	0.289 (0.02)	0.716 (0.07)	0.738 (0.07)
rhm	1.782 (0.35)	0.215 (0.02)	1.962 (0.20)	1.102 (0.16)	0.668 (0.08)	0.360 (0.05)	0.401 (0.05)	0.635 (0.07)	0.756 (0.06)
sei	2.784 (0.36)	0.400 (0.03)	2.392 (0.34)	1.353 (0.21)	0.578 (0.03)	0.298 (0.04)	0.254 (0.02)	0.609 (0.05)	0.789 (0.04)
scf	1.996 (0.19)	0.275 (0.03)	2.034 (0.25)	1.130 (0.16)	0.670 (0.06)	0.342 (0.04)	0.346 (0.03)	0.619 (0.07)	0.742 (0.04)
tra	2.725 (0.33)	0.273 (0.01)	2.560 (0.63)	3.180 (0.46)	0.378 (0.11)	0.318 (0.06)	0.289 (0.02)	0.693 (0.09)	0.755 (0.07)
tre	2.521 (0.40)	0.264 (0.04)	2.367 (0.52)	3.109 (0.39)	0.366 (0.12)	0.307 (0.05)	0.290 (0.09)	0.701 (0.19)	0.767 (0.08)

Ecomorphological Attribute	Wilks’ λ	Partial λ	F	p-value
CI	0.0025	0.7732	7.821	<0.01
RD	0.0024	0.7797	7.534	<0.01
CPC	0.0042	0.4509	32.462	<0.01
PAF	0.0109	0.1745	126.167	<0.01
FVI	0.0034	0.5515	21.689	<0.01
RWCP	0.0022	0.8857	3.439	<0.01
RHCP	0.0052	0.3647	46.443	<0.01
RHH	0.0032	0.6024	17.600	<0.01
VEP	0.0024	0.7899	7.089	<0.01

[1] *e-mail: cefreitas@ufam.edu.br

Brasil

Brasil

Ecomorphological correlates of twenty dominant fish species of Amazonian floodplain lakes

Correlações ecomorfológicas de vinte espécies de peixes dominantes em lagos de várzea da Amazônia

Abstract