Populações de Drosophila paulistorum colonizadoras da área urbana de Porto Alegre, no sul do Brasil, foram estudadas com o objetivo de caracterizar o seu polimorfismo cromossômico neste novo ambiente. A despeito de serem geograficamente periféricas e ecologicamente marginais, e do processo de colonização ser um evento recente, as populações apresentaram um grande número de inversões em todos os braços cromossômicos. Diferenças nas freqüências de algumas inversões e na porcentagem de heterozigose foram encontradas quando se compararam as amostras quanto aos aspectos geográfico, microambiental e temporal. Tais diferenças, entretanto, podem ser atribuídas tanto a fatores seletivos como estocásticos.
Animal genetics • Braz. J. Genet. 20
(4)
• Dez 1997 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-84551997000400004 linkcopiar
Chromosomal polymorphism in urban populations of Drosophila paulistorum
Autoria
person Victor Hugo Valiati
Figuras | Tabelas
Sample
Resource
Date
Homazigotes
Inversions
Total
1
5
6
7
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
M.T.St.
(1)
10/90
12
70.59
5
29.41
-
-
-
-
-
-
17
4/91
72
76.57
20
21.28
1
1.06
-
-
2
2.13
94
8/91
22
61.12
12
33.33
-
-
2
5.55
-
-
36
4/92
39
86.67
6
13.33
-
-
2
5.55
-
-
45
B.Garden
(1)
4/91
43
84.31
8
15.67
-
-
-
-
-
-
51
4/92
37
88.10
5
11.90
-
-
-
-
-
-
42
(2)
3/91
10
91.00
1
9.00
-
-
-
-
-
-
11
D.P.St.
(3)
5/91
66
75.00
20
22.73
-
-
2
2.27
-
-
88
5/92
28
87.50
4
12.50
-
-
-
-
-
-
32
(4)
5/91
11
78.60
3
21.40
-
-
-
-
-
-
14
5/92
38
84.44
7
15.56
-
-
-
-
-
-
45
O.C.St.
(2)
3/91
7
87.50
1
12.50
-
-
-
-
-
-
08
(5)
5/91
6
66.67
2
22.22
1
11.11
-
-
-
-
09
5/92
21
80.77
5
19.23
-
-
-
-
-
-
26
(3)
5/92
9
90.00
1
10.00
-
-
-
-
-
-
10
F.Park
(6)
5.92
19
86.36
3
13.64
-
-
-
-
-
-
22
Sample
Resource
Date
Chromosome
Mean no. Inv. /.female
XL
XR
2L
2R
3
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
M.T.St.
(1)
10/90
17
0.29
17
0.29
19
0.58
19
0.16
19
0.06
1.42
4/91
94
0.24
91
0.19
93
0.48
93
0.03
92
0.16
1.11
8/91
36
0.39
36
0.19
36
0.53
36
0.08
34
0.06
1.26
4/92
45
0.13
44
0.23
47
0.11
47
0.02
48
0.12
0.61
Mean
1.10
SE
0.17
B.Garden
(1)
4/91
51
0.16
52
0.23
51
0.51
51
0.22
52
0.19
1.30
4/92
42
0.12
41
0.15
44
0.29
42
0.05
41
0.07
0.69
Mean
0.99
SE
0.45
(2)
3/91
11
0.09
11
0.00
11
0.36
11
0.09
11
0.18
0.73
D.P.St.
(3)
5/91
88
0.25
88
0.11
88
0.50
88
0.03
89
0.26
1.15
5/92
32
0.12
32
0.28
30
0.27
32
0.09
31
0.19
0.95
Mean
1.05
SE
0.24
(4)
5/91
14
0.21
16
0.37
14
0.21
14
0.00
14
0.00
0.83
5/92
45
0.15
41
0.22
47
0.06
47
0.02
46
0.15
0.60
Mean
0.71
SE
0.32
O.C.St.
(2)
3/91
09
0.12
08
0.12
08
0.22
08
0.12
08
0.00
0.61
(5)
5/91
09
0.33
10
0.40
09
0.44
10
0.20
10
0.40
1.77
5/92
26
0.19
26
0.08
26
0.15
26
0.00
26
0.08
0.50
Mean
1.13
SE
0.95
(3)
5/92
10
0.10
10
0.00
10
0.30
10
0.20
10
0.30
0.90
F.Park
(6)
3/92
38
0.16
37
0.11
39
0.10
39
0.03
35
0.03
0.42
5/92
22
0.14
22
0.27
22
0.18
22
0.00
21
0.09
0.69
Mean
0.55
SE
0.54
Mean
0.19
0.19
0.31
0.08
0.14
0.91
SE
0.37
imageFigure 1 - Sampling sites with their respective urbanization levels (high, medium and low) according to the criterion of Ruszczyk (1986/1987). The dots plotted on the map correspond to sampling of D. paulistorum over a period of seven years (1985 to 1993), and the numbers correspond to the present sampling sites. 1. Mario Totta Street (M.T.St.), 2. Botanic Garden (B.Garden), 3. Deoclecio Pereira Street (D.P.St.), 4. Osvaldo Cruz Street (O.C.St.), 5. Farroupilha Park (F.Park). open_in_new
imageFigure 2 - Heterozygous inversions of chromosome arm XL of Drosophila paulistorum populations from Porto Alegre. The bar represents 10 mm. (a) Inversion XL 6; (b) inversion XL 1; (c) inversion XL 7; (d) inversion XL 5. open_in_new
imageFigure 3 - Heterozygous inversions of chromosome arm XR of Porto Alegre populations of Drosophila paulistorum. The bar represents 10 mm.A, (a) Inversions XR 3 and XR 5; (b) inversions XR 1; B, (a) inversion XR 4; (b) inversion XR 7; (c) inversion XR 6. open_in_new
imageopen_in_new
imageopen_in_new
imageFigure 6 - Heterozygous inversions on the third chromosome (3) of the populations from Porto Alegre. The bar represents 10 mm. (a) Inversion 3.1; (b) inversion 3.6; (c) inversions 3.7 and 3.8. open_in_new
table_chartTable I
- Sampling data with sites, resources, urbanization levels and data for D. paulistorum, D. willistoni and other species in the urban area of Porto Alegre.
|
Sample |
Resource |
U.L. |
Date |
% D. paulistorum |
% D. willistoni |
% Other species |
Total |
|
M.T.St. |
(1) |
Low |
3/91 |
11.46 |
0.16 |
88.38 |
5467 |
|
(E) |
4/91 |
8.99 |
1.69 |
89.32 |
2229 |
||
|
5/91 |
46.57 |
2.71 |
50.72 |
1804 |
|||
|
7/91 |
0.10 |
- |
99.90 |
1108 |
|||
|
8/91 |
13.89 |
4.03 |
82.08 |
1713 |
|||
|
4/92 |
35.52 |
- |
64.48 |
183 |
|||
|
5/92 |
76.52 |
1.37 |
22.11 |
457 |
|||
|
(9) |
3/92 |
11.90 |
5.95 |
82.15 |
381 |
||
|
(N) |
|||||||
|
(8) |
4/91 |
- |
0.88 |
99.12 |
1016 |
||
|
(N) |
7/91 |
- |
2.33 |
97.67 |
86 |
||
|
B.Garden |
(2) |
Low |
3/91 |
1.42 |
3.50 |
95.08 |
8764 |
|
(N) |
3/92 |
- |
3.40 |
96.60 |
589 |
||
|
(1) |
3/91 |
8.84 |
1.33 |
89.83 |
378 |
||
|
4/91 |
17.27 |
- |
82.73 |
527 |
|||
|
5/91 |
17.74 |
- |
82.26 |
451 |
|||
|
4/92 |
18.22 |
9.76 |
72.02 |
1033 |
|||
|
5/92 |
47.89 |
10.65 |
41.46 |
492 |
|||
|
(4*) |
8/91 |
0.35 |
5.94 |
93.71 |
780 |
||
|
10/91 |
- |
- |
100.00 |
182 |
|||
|
(7*) |
10/91 |
- |
- |
100.00 |
273 |
||
|
D.P.St. |
(3) |
Low |
3/91 |
3.78 |
0.10 |
96.12 |
1134 |
|
(E) |
5/91 |
56.74 |
1.47 |
41.79 |
603 |
||
|
5/92 |
33.34 |
- |
66.66 |
675 |
|||
|
+5/92 |
18.89 |
1.45 |
79.66 |
290 |
|||
|
(7) |
10/91 |
1.49 |
0.75 |
97.76 |
89 |
||
|
5/92 |
4.34 |
- |
95.66 |
691 |
|||
|
+5/92 |
21.56 |
14.38 |
64.06 |
64 |
|||
|
(4) |
3/91 |
20.63 |
1.87 |
77.50 |
40 |
||
|
5/91 |
9.19 |
0.84 |
89.97 |
399 |
|||
|
10/91 |
0.17 |
- |
99.83 |
892 |
|||
|
+3/92 |
10.80 |
8.64 |
80.56 |
288 |
|||
|
+5/92 |
23.11 |
13.20 |
63.69 |
380 |
|||
|
5/92 |
6.66 |
1.19 |
92.15 |
2459 |
|||
|
O.C.St. |
(2) |
Low |
3/91 |
31.05 |
18.63 |
50.32 |
314 |
|
3/92 |
- |
- |
100.00 |
13 |
|||
|
(5) |
5/91 |
56.20 |
- |
43.80 |
258 |
||
|
(E) |
4/92 |
51.18 |
30.71 |
18.11 |
127 |
||
|
5/92 |
77.60 |
5.01 |
17.39 |
184 |
|||
|
(3) |
4/92 |
85.26 |
- |
14.74 |
95 |
||
|
(10) |
+3/92 |
- |
7.06 |
92.94 |
892 |
||
|
(E) |
3/92 |
- |
0.60 |
99.40 |
1002 |
||
|
F.Park |
(6) |
High |
5/91 |
4.65 |
- |
95.35 |
129 |
|
(E) |
3/92 |
43.33 |
24.87 |
31.80 |
616 |
||
|
5/92 |
66.30 |
- |
33.70 |
460 |
|||
|
+5/92 |
13.23 |
6.73 |
80.04 |
1453 |
|||
|
(8) |
4/91 |
- |
- |
100.00 |
211 |
||
|
5/91 |
- |
14.70 |
85.30 |
102 |
|||
|
(2) |
+6/92 |
0.53 |
18.96 |
80.51 |
1359 |
||
|
6/92 |
2.33 |
40.91 |
56.76 |
592 |
|||
|
(**) |
6/92 |
1.44 |
11.49 |
87.07 |
116 |
table_chartTable II -
Heterozygous inversion types found in populations of Drosophila paulistorum in Porto Alegre city.
|
Sample |
Resource |
Chromosome arm/inversions |
Total |
||||
|
XL |
XR |
2L |
2R |
3 |
|||
|
M.T.St. |
(1) |
XL 1 |
XR 1 |
2L 1 |
2R 3 |
3-1 |
|
|
XL 5 |
XR 5 |
2L 4 |
2R 4 |
3-6 |
|||
|
XL 6 |
XR 6 |
2L 5 |
2R 5 |
3-7 |
|||
|
XL 7 |
XR 7 |
2L 6 |
3-8 |
||||
|
2L 7 |
|||||||
|
Total |
4 |
4 |
5 |
3 |
4 |
20 |
|
|
B.Garden |
(1) |
XL 1 |
XR 1 |
2L 1 |
2R 3 |
3-1 |
|
|
XR 4 |
2L 4 |
2R 4 |
3-6 |
||||
|
XR 5 |
2L 5 |
2R 5 |
3-7 |
||||
|
XR 6 |
2L 6 |
2R 6 |
|||||
|
XR 7 |
2L 7 |
||||||
|
Total |
1 |
5 |
5 |
4 |
3 |
18 |
|
|
(2) |
XL 1 |
- |
2L 1 |
2R 3 |
3-6 |
||
|
2L 4 |
|||||||
|
Total |
1 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
5 |
|
|
D.P.St. |
(3) |
XL 1 |
XR 1 |
2L 1 |
2R 3 |
3-1 |
|
|
XL 6 |
XR 5 |
2L 4 |
2R 4 |
3-6 |
|||
|
2L 5 |
2R 5 |
||||||
|
2L 6 |
|||||||
|
2L 7 |
|||||||
|
Total |
2 |
2 |
5 |
3 |
2 |
14 |
|
|
(4) |
XL 1 |
XR 1 |
2L 1 |
2R 3 |
3-1 |
||
|
XR 6 |
2L 4 |
||||||
|
Total |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
7 |
|
|
O.C.St. |
(2) |
XL 1 |
XR 1 |
2L 4 |
2R 4 |
- |
|
|
2L 7 |
|||||||
|
Total |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
5 |
|
|
(5) |
XL 1 |
XR 1 |
2L 4 |
2R 3 |
3-1 |
||
|
XL 5 |
XR 3 |
2L 5 |
3-6 |
||||
|
XR 5 |
2L 6 |
||||||
|
Total |
2 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
11 |
|
|
(3) |
XL 1 |
- |
2L 1 |
2R 5 |
3-1 |
||
|
2L 4 |
|||||||
|
2L 5 |
|||||||
|
Total |
1 |
0 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
6 |
|
|
F.Park |
(6) |
XL 1 |
XR 1 |
2L 1 |
2R 4 |
3-1 |
|
|
XR 4 |
2L 4 |
||||||
|
2L 5 |
|||||||
|
2L 6 |
|||||||
|
Total |
1 |
2 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
9 |
|
table_chart
|
Sample |
Resource |
Date |
Homazigotes |
Inversions |
Total |
||||||||
|
1 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
||||||||||
|
N |
% |
N |
% |
N |
% |
N |
% |
N |
% |
||||
|
M.T.St. |
(1) |
10/90 |
12 |
70.59 |
5 |
29.41 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
17 |
|
4/91 |
72 |
76.57 |
20 |
21.28 |
1 |
1.06 |
- |
- |
2 |
2.13 |
94 |
||
|
8/91 |
22 |
61.12 |
12 |
33.33 |
- |
- |
2 |
5.55 |
- |
- |
36 |
||
|
4/92 |
39 |
86.67 |
6 |
13.33 |
- |
- |
2 |
5.55 |
- |
- |
45 |
||
|
B.Garden |
(1) |
4/91 |
43 |
84.31 |
8 |
15.67 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
51 |
|
4/92 |
37 |
88.10 |
5 |
11.90 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
42 |
||
|
(2) |
3/91 |
10 |
91.00 |
1 |
9.00 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
11 |
|
|
D.P.St. |
(3) |
5/91 |
66 |
75.00 |
20 |
22.73 |
- |
- |
2 |
2.27 |
- |
- |
88 |
|
5/92 |
28 |
87.50 |
4 |
12.50 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
32 |
||
|
(4) |
5/91 |
11 |
78.60 |
3 |
21.40 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
14 |
|
|
5/92 |
38 |
84.44 |
7 |
15.56 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
45 |
||
|
O.C.St. |
(2) |
3/91 |
7 |
87.50 |
1 |
12.50 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
08 |
|
(5) |
5/91 |
6 |
66.67 |
2 |
22.22 |
1 |
11.11 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
09 |
|
|
5/92 |
21 |
80.77 |
5 |
19.23 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
26 |
||
|
(3) |
5/92 |
9 |
90.00 |
1 |
10.00 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
10 |
|
|
F.Park |
(6) |
5.92 |
19 |
86.36 |
3 |
13.64 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
22 |
table_chart
| Sample | Resource | Date | Chromosome | Mean no. Inv. /.female | |||||||||
| XL | XR | 2L | 2R | 3 | |||||||||
| N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | ||||
|
M.T.St. |
(1) |
10/90 |
17 |
0.29 |
17 |
0.29 |
19 |
0.58 |
19 |
0.16 |
19 |
0.06 |
1.42 |
|
4/91 |
94 |
0.24 |
91 |
0.19 |
93 |
0.48 |
93 |
0.03 |
92 |
0.16 |
1.11 |
||
|
8/91 |
36 |
0.39 |
36 |
0.19 |
36 |
0.53 |
36 |
0.08 |
34 |
0.06 |
1.26 |
||
|
4/92 |
45 |
0.13 |
44 |
0.23 |
47 |
0.11 |
47 |
0.02 |
48 |
0.12 |
0.61 |
||
|
Mean |
1.10 |
||||||||||||
|
SE |
0.17 |
||||||||||||
|
B.Garden |
(1) |
4/91 |
51 |
0.16 |
52 |
0.23 |
51 |
0.51 |
51 |
0.22 |
52 |
0.19 |
1.30 |
|
4/92 |
42 |
0.12 |
41 |
0.15 |
44 |
0.29 |
42 |
0.05 |
41 |
0.07 |
0.69 |
||
|
Mean |
0.99 |
||||||||||||
|
SE |
0.45 |
||||||||||||
|
(2) |
3/91 |
11 |
0.09 |
11 |
0.00 |
11 |
0.36 |
11 |
0.09 |
11 |
0.18 |
0.73 |
|
|
D.P.St. |
(3) |
5/91 |
88 |
0.25 |
88 |
0.11 |
88 |
0.50 |
88 |
0.03 |
89 |
0.26 |
1.15 |
|
5/92 |
32 |
0.12 |
32 |
0.28 |
30 |
0.27 |
32 |
0.09 |
31 |
0.19 |
0.95 |
||
|
Mean |
1.05 |
||||||||||||
|
SE |
0.24 |
||||||||||||
|
(4) |
5/91 |
14 |
0.21 |
16 |
0.37 |
14 |
0.21 |
14 |
0.00 |
14 |
0.00 |
0.83 |
|
|
5/92 |
45 |
0.15 |
41 |
0.22 |
47 |
0.06 |
47 |
0.02 |
46 |
0.15 |
0.60 |
||
|
Mean |
0.71 |
||||||||||||
|
SE |
0.32 |
||||||||||||
|
O.C.St. |
(2) |
3/91 |
09 |
0.12 |
08 |
0.12 |
08 |
0.22 |
08 |
0.12 |
08 |
0.00 |
0.61 |
|
(5) |
5/91 |
09 |
0.33 |
10 |
0.40 |
09 |
0.44 |
10 |
0.20 |
10 |
0.40 |
1.77 |
|
|
5/92 |
26 |
0.19 |
26 |
0.08 |
26 |
0.15 |
26 |
0.00 |
26 |
0.08 |
0.50 |
||
|
Mean |
1.13 |
||||||||||||
|
SE |
0.95 |
||||||||||||
|
(3) |
5/92 |
10 |
0.10 |
10 |
0.00 |
10 |
0.30 |
10 |
0.20 |
10 |
0.30 |
0.90 |
|
|
F.Park |
(6) |
3/92 |
38 |
0.16 |
37 |
0.11 |
39 |
0.10 |
39 |
0.03 |
35 |
0.03 |
0.42 |
|
5/92 |
22 |
0.14 |
22 |
0.27 |
22 |
0.18 |
22 |
0.00 |
21 |
0.09 |
0.69 |
||
|
Mean |
0.55 |
||||||||||||
|
SE |
0.54 |
||||||||||||
|
Mean |
0.19 |
0.19 |
0.31 |
0.08 |
0.14 |
0.91 |
|||||||
|
SE |
0.37 |
||||||||||||
Como citar
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Sociedade Brasileira de Genética
Rua Capitão Adelmio Norberto da Silva, 736, 14025-670 Ribeirão Preto SP - Brazil, Tel. / Fax: +55 16 621.8540, 620.1251, 620.1253 -
Ribeirão Preto -
SP -
Brazil
E-mail: sede@sgb.org.br
E-mail: sede@sgb.org.br
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