Shigatoxigenic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli with virulence and multidrug resistance profile were isolated from Nile tilapia. This study finding is of great importance to public health because they help understand this pathogen epidemiology in fish and demonstrate how these animals can transmit E. coli related diseases to humans.
Keywords:
EPEC; Fish; MLST; STEC; Virulence genes
| Primers | Sequences | Size | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| stx1-F | AGAGCGATGTTACGGTTTG | 388 | 3232 China B, Pirson V, Mainil J. Typing of bovine attaching and effacing Escherichia coli by multiplex in vitro amplification of virulence-associated genes. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1996;62:3462-3465. |
| stx1-R | TTGCCCCCAGAGTGGATG | ||
| stx2-F | TGGGTTTTTCTTCGGTATC | 807 | 3232 China B, Pirson V, Mainil J. Typing of bovine attaching and effacing Escherichia coli by multiplex in vitro amplification of virulence-associated genes. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1996;62:3462-3465. |
| stx2-R | GACATTCTGGTTGACTCTCTT | ||
| eae -F | AGGCTTCGTCACAGTTG | 570 | 3232 China B, Pirson V, Mainil J. Typing of bovine attaching and effacing Escherichia coli by multiplex in vitro amplification of virulence-associated genes. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1996;62:3462-3465. |
| eae -R | CCATCGTCACCAGAGGA | ||
| bfpA - F | GGAAGTCAAATTCATGGGGGTAT | 300 | 3333 Vidal R, Vidal M, Lagos R, et al. Multiplex PCR for diagnosis of enteric infections associated with diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. J Clin Microbiol. 2004;42:1787-1789. |
| bfpA -R | GGAATCAGACGCAGACTGGTAGT | ||
| ehxA -F | GGTGCAGCAGAAAAAGTTGTA G | 340 | 3434 Toma C, Martinez Espinosa E, Song T, et al. Distribution of putative adhesins in different seropathotypes of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli. J Clin Microbiol. 2004;42:4937-4946. |
| ehxA -R | TCTCGCCTGATAGTGTTTGGT A | ||
| saa- F | CGTGATGAACAGGCTATTGC | 119 | 1717 Paton AW, Paton JC. Multiplex PCR for direct detection of Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli strains producing the novel subtilase cytotoxin. J Clin Microbiol. 2005;43:2944-2947. |
| saa -R | ATGGACATGCCTGTGGCAAC | ||
| iha -F | CAGTTCAGTTTCGCATTCACC | 1305 | 3535 Schmidt H, Zhang WL, Hemmrich U, et al. Identification and characterization of a novel genomic island integrated at selC in Locus of Enterocyte Effacement-negative, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli. Infect Immun. 2001;69:6863-6873. |
| iha -R | GTATGGCTCTGATGCGATG | ||
| toxB -F | ATACCTACCTGCTCTGGATTGA | 602 | 3636 Tarr CL, Large TM, Moeller CL, et al. Molecular characterization of a serotype O121:H19 clone, a distinct Shiga toxin-producing clone of pathogenic Escherichia coli. Infect Immun. 2001;70:6853-6859. |
| toxB -R | TTCTTACCTGATCTGATGCAGC | ||
| efa1- F | GAGACTGCCAGAGAAAG | 479 | 3737 Nicholls L, Grant T, Robins-Browne R. Identification of a novel genetic locus that is required for in vitro adhesion of a clinical isolate of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli to epithelial cells. Mol Microbiol. 2000;35:275-288. |
| efa1-R | GGTATTGTTGCATGTTCAG | ||
| lpfAO113 - F | ATGAAGCGTAATATTATAG | 573 | 3838 Doughty S, Sloan J, Bennett-Wood V, et al. Identification of a novel fimbrial gene cluster related to long polar fimbriae in locus of enterocyte effacement-negative strains of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. Infect Immun. 2001;70:6761-6769. |
| lpfAO113- R | TTATTTCTTATATTCGAC | ||
| lpfAO157/OI-141 -F | CTGCGCATTGCCGTAAC | 412 | 3939 Szalo IM, Goffaux F, Pirson V, et al. Presence in bovine enteropathogenic (EPEC) and enterohaemorrhagic (EHEC) Escherichia coli of genes encoding for putative adhesins of human EHEC strains. Res Microbiol. 2002;153:653-658. |
| lpfAO157/OI-141 -R | ATTTACAGGCGAGATCGTG | ||
| lpfAO157/OI-154-F | GCAGGTCACCTACAGGCGGC | 525 | 3434 Toma C, Martinez Espinosa E, Song T, et al. Distribution of putative adhesins in different seropathotypes of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli. J Clin Microbiol. 2004;42:4937-4946. |
| lpfAO157/OI-154- R | CTGCGAGTCGGCGTTAGCTG | ||
| astA - F | TCGGATGCCATCAACACAGT | 125 | 2424 Ngeleka M, Pritchard J, Appleyard G, et al. Isolation and association of Escherichia coli AIDA-I/STb, rather than EAST1 pathotype, with diarrhea in piglets and antibiotic sensitivity of isolates. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2003;15:242-252. |
| astA-R | GTCGCGAGTGACGGCTTTGTAG | ||
| paa -F | ATGAGGAACATAATGGCAGG | 360 | 2323 Savarino SJ, Fasano A, Watson J, et al. Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin 1 represents another subfamily of E. coli heat-stable toxin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993;90:3093-3097. |
| paa-R | TCTGGTCAGGTCGTCAATAC | ||
| CTX-M group 1- F | TTAGGAARTGTGCCGCTGYA | 668 | 1111 Dallenne CA, Da Costa D, Decré C, et al. Development of a set of multiplex PCR assays for the detection of genes encoding important β-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010;65:490-495. |
| CTX-M group 1- R | CGATATCGTTGGTGGTRCCAT | ||
| CTX-M group 2 - F | CGTTAACGGCACGATGAC | 404 | 1111 Dallenne CA, Da Costa D, Decré C, et al. Development of a set of multiplex PCR assays for the detection of genes encoding important β-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010;65:490-495. |
| CTX-M group 2 - R | CGATATCGTTGGTGGTRCCAT | ||
| CTX-M group 8/25 F | AACRCRCAGACGCTCTAC | 326 | 1111 Dallenne CA, Da Costa D, Decré C, et al. Development of a set of multiplex PCR assays for the detection of genes encoding important β-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010;65:490-495. |
| CTX-M group 8/25R | TCGAGCCGGAASGTGTYAT | ||
| CTX-M group 9 - F | TCAAGCCTGCCGATCTGGT | 561 | 1111 Dallenne CA, Da Costa D, Decré C, et al. Development of a set of multiplex PCR assays for the detection of genes encoding important β-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010;65:490-495. |
| CTX-M group 9 - R | TGATTCTCGCCGCTGAAG | ||
| TEM - F | CATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTC | 800 | 1111 Dallenne CA, Da Costa D, Decré C, et al. Development of a set of multiplex PCR assays for the detection of genes encoding important β-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010;65:490-495. |
| TEM - R | CATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTC | ||
| SHV - F | AGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAAC | 713 | 1111 Dallenne CA, Da Costa D, Decré C, et al. Development of a set of multiplex PCR assays for the detection of genes encoding important β-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010;65:490-495. |
| SHV - R | ATCCCGCAGATAAATCACCAC | ||
| stx2a-F | GCGATACTGRGBACTGTGGCC | 347 | 22 Scheutz F, Teel LD, Beutin L, et al. Multicenter evaluation of a sequence-based protocol for subtyping shiga toxins and standardizing Stx nomenclature. J Clin Microbiol. 2012;50:2951-2963. |
| stx2a-R | GCCACCTTCACTGTGAATGTG | ||
| stx2b-F | AAATATGAAGAAGATATTTGTAGCGGC | 251 | 22 Scheutz F, Teel LD, Beutin L, et al. Multicenter evaluation of a sequence-based protocol for subtyping shiga toxins and standardizing Stx nomenclature. J Clin Microbiol. 2012;50:2951-2963. |
| stx2b-R | CAGCAAATCCTGAACCTGACG | ||
| stx2c-F | GAAAGTCACAGTTTTTATATACAACGGGTA | 177 | 22 Scheutz F, Teel LD, Beutin L, et al. Multicenter evaluation of a sequence-based protocol for subtyping shiga toxins and standardizing Stx nomenclature. J Clin Microbiol. 2012;50:2951-2963. |
| stx2c-R | CCGGCCACYTTTACTGTGAATGTA | ||
| stx2d-F | AAARTCACAGTCTTTATATACAACGGGTG | 179 | 22 Scheutz F, Teel LD, Beutin L, et al. Multicenter evaluation of a sequence-based protocol for subtyping shiga toxins and standardizing Stx nomenclature. J Clin Microbiol. 2012;50:2951-2963. |
| stx2d-R | TTYCCGGCCACTTTTACTGTG | ||
| stx2e-F | CGGAGTTACGGGGAGAGGC | 411 | 22 Scheutz F, Teel LD, Beutin L, et al. Multicenter evaluation of a sequence-based protocol for subtyping shiga toxins and standardizing Stx nomenclature. J Clin Microbiol. 2012;50:2951-2963. |
| stx2e-R | CTTCCTGACACCTTCACAGTAAAGGT | ||
| stx2f-F | TGGGCGTCATTCACTGGTTG | 424 | 22 Scheutz F, Teel LD, Beutin L, et al. Multicenter evaluation of a sequence-based protocol for subtyping shiga toxins and standardizing Stx nomenclature. J Clin Microbiol. 2012;50:2951-2963. |
| stx2f-R | TAATGGCCGCCCTGTCTCC | ||
| stx2g-F | CACCGGGTAGTTATATTTCTGTGGATATC | 573 | 22 Scheutz F, Teel LD, Beutin L, et al. Multicenter evaluation of a sequence-based protocol for subtyping shiga toxins and standardizing Stx nomenclature. J Clin Microbiol. 2012;50:2951-2963. |
| stx2g-R | GATGGCAATTCAGAATAACCGCT | ||
| adk-F | ATTCTGCTTGGCGCTCCGGG | 583 | a a http://mlst.warwick.ac.uk/mlst/dbs/Ecoli/documents/primersColi_html. |
| adk-R | CCGTCAACTTTCGCGTATTT | ||
| fumC-F | TCACAGGTCGCCAGCGCTTC | 806 | a a http://mlst.warwick.ac.uk/mlst/dbs/Ecoli/documents/primersColi_html. |
| fumC-R | GTACGCAGCGAAAAAGATTC | ||
| gyrB-F | TCGGCGACACGGATGACGGC | 911 | a a http://mlst.warwick.ac.uk/mlst/dbs/Ecoli/documents/primersColi_html. |
| gyrB-R | ATCAGGCCTTCACGCGCATC | ||
| icd-F | ATGGAAAGTAAAGTAGTTGTTCCGGCACA | 878 | a a http://mlst.warwick.ac.uk/mlst/dbs/Ecoli/documents/primersColi_html. |
| icd-R | GGACGCAGCAGGATCTGTT | ||
| mdh-F | ATGAAAGTCGCAGTCCTCGGCGCTGCTGGCGG | 932 | a a http://mlst.warwick.ac.uk/mlst/dbs/Ecoli/documents/primersColi_html. |
| mdh-R | TTAACGAACTCCTGCCCCAGAGCGATATCTTTCTT | ||
| purA-F | CGCGCTGATGAAAGAGATGA | 816 | a a http://mlst.warwick.ac.uk/mlst/dbs/Ecoli/documents/primersColi_html. |
| purA-R | CATACGGTAAGCCACGCAGA | ||
| recA | CGCATTCGCTTTACCCTGACC | 780 | a a http://mlst.warwick.ac.uk/mlst/dbs/Ecoli/documents/primersColi_html. |
| recA | AGCGTGAAGGTAAAACCTGTG |
