EL PAPEL DE LOS MEDIOS TELEVISIVOS EN LA PRODUCCIÓN DE NARRATIVAS POLÍTICAS: un estudio comparativo entre Brasil y Colombia

PÉREZ, GERMÁN; ROMANINI, VINICIUS

GERMÁN PÉREZ

Centro Latino-Americano de Comunicação e Cultura, São Paulo – São Paulo – Brazil. E-mail: cineguache@gmail.com

GERMÁN PÉREZ RODRÍGUEZ graduated in cinema from the National University of Colombia and is completing his specialization in media, communication and culture, at the Center for Latin American Studies on Culture and Communication (CELACC). Collaboration in this article: conceptualization, literature review, methodology, formal analysis and investigation, discussion of research results, writing - original draft preparation, writing- review, and editing of the final version of the article. E-mail: cineguache@gmail.com

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-0333

VINICIUS ROMANINI

Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo – São Paulo – Brazil. E-mail: vinicius.romanini@usp.br

ANDERSON VINICIUS ROMANINI. Ph.D. Professor at the Department of Communications and Arts at the University of São Paulo. He is editor of the SEMEIOSIS (Transdisciplinary Journal of Semiotics and Design), a researcher at the Center for Latin American Studies on Culture and Communication (CELACC) and the Center for the Logic and Epistemology of Science (CLE/Unicamp). He was presiden of the Brasilian Society for Cognitive Science (SBCC) between 2015 and 2019. Collaboration in this article: Orientation, discussion of research results, writing - review, and approval of the final version of the article. E-mail: vinicius.romanini@usp.br

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6558-0550

GERMÁN PÉREZ RODRÍGUEZ graduated in cinema from the National University of Colombia and is completing his specialization in media, communication and culture, at the Center for Latin American Studies on Culture and Communication (CELACC). Collaboration in this article: conceptualization, literature review, methodology, formal analysis and investigation, discussion of research results, writing - original draft preparation, writing- review, and editing of the final version of the article. E-mail: cineguache@gmail.com

ANDERSON VINICIUS ROMANINI. Ph.D. Professor at the Department of Communications and Arts at the University of São Paulo. He is editor of the SEMEIOSIS (Transdisciplinary Journal of Semiotics and Design), a researcher at the Center for Latin American Studies on Culture and Communication (CELACC) and the Center for the Logic and Epistemology of Science (CLE/Unicamp). He was presiden of the Brasilian Society for Cognitive Science (SBCC) between 2015 and 2019. Collaboration in this article: Orientation, discussion of research results, writing - review, and approval of the final version of the article. E-mail: vinicius.romanini@usp.br

Desk Review Editor: Lia Seixas

Editions/Internal division of content in minutes	Total editing time (no commercial breaks)	Time dedicated to the case of Lula	Time for Lula supporters	Time for opponents and others
July 12, 2017	53 minutes 100%	31 minutes 58%	3 minutes and 3 seconds 5.75%	1 minute and 1 second 2%
April 4, 2018	67 minutes 100%	46 minutes 70%	2 minutes and 33 seconds 3.8%	3 minutes 51 seconds 5.7%

	Audiovisual tools	Narration / Text / Voice	Keyword
12/07/17 Conviction of Lula by former judge Moro	File images to support the text	Textual reading of the former judge’s sentence, read by journalists
	Unclear photos. Taken from hidden cameras	Journalists’ speeches as a synthesis of reactions	Common crime, Judge Moro, Conviction
	Animation: highlight fragments of the sentence	Testimonials from the reactions	“no one is above the law”
	3D animation, rusty pipeline, 100 reais notes, and photo of Lula with conviction. In the background, you can read the word “convicted”		“documentary, expert and testimonial evidence”
	Animation of the following stages of the proceedings with photos of those involved (e.g., judges)		“Law is for everyone”
	Testimonials of the reactions		“Partiality”
	Testimony of the defense of the former president
07/04/18 Lula’s arrest day	Helicopter	A narration of the day’s events by journalists	“globocop”
	A live correspondent on location (airports, detention facility in Curitiba)	Fragments of speeches outside the union	“tension”
	Teleobjective	Summary of Lula’s speech by the anchorwoman	“supporters”
	Digital zoom/emphasis on fragments of the frame	A narration of the next steps in the judicial process	“live”
	Repetitive editing	Moro speaks in English without translation or subtitles
	Narrative and montage of tension (images of confrontation between supporters and detractors, the gate being torn down)
	Journalist in the studio, standing off to the side of the screen with live pictures
	Interview image of former judge Moro

Date of issue	Number of videos	Total length of videos
August 4	7	33 minutes and 12 seconds
August 31	4	10 minutes and 47 seconds
October 10	3	15 minutes and 44 seconds

	Audiovisual tools	Narration / Text / Voice	Keywords (in Spanish)
04/08/2020 Arrest order against former president Uribe.	Split-screen with journalists who specialize in different aspects of the case.	Journalist narrations presenting the videos and testimonials.	Supreme Court; detención domicialiaria; reacciones; efectos políticos; respeto a la justicia; nadie está por encima de la ley; análisis; fraude processual; manipulación de testigos; grabaciones; JEP (Justicia especial para la paz).
	File images of Uribe walking in public buildings.	Uribe’s tweet was narrated by a journalist.
	Archive footage of Uribe’s interviews.	Audios of telephone wiretaps on the former president.
	Images illustrating the text.	Interview with the victim (senator Cepeda).
	Featured Uribe’s Tweet.
	Video of Uribe making journalists and guests laugh.
	Graphics to illustrate the phone wiretaps.
	Live interview with the victim of the lawsuit.
	Interview with opposition senator.
31/08/2020	Archive images of the characters mentioned.	Introduction and explanation of journalists.	Fiscalia; process; expertise; jurisdiction.
	Expert Testimonials (video conferences).	“Authority” explanation from experts.
	Depositions from the case.	Opinions from the parties (counsel for the defendant and victim).
	Journalist in the studio with images of the next steps of the process on the side of the screen.	Opinions of opponents and supporters of the defendant.
10/10/2020	Journalists on set.	Journalists’ narration summarizing the facts.	Libertad, juez de garantias, indagatoria, imputación, “gracias a dios”.
	Trial session in the video.	A segment of the judge’s speech granting the defendant’s freedom.
	A journalist reporting live from home.
	Supporters of the former president in interviews and speeches.

[1] GERMÁN PÉREZ RODRÍGUEZ graduated in cinema from the National University of Colombia and is completing his specialization in media, communication and culture, at the Center for Latin American Studies on Culture and Communication (CELACC). Collaboration in this article: conceptualization, literature review, methodology, formal analysis and investigation, discussion of research results, writing - original draft preparation, writing- review, and editing of the final version of the article. E-mail: cineguache@gmail.com

Brasil

Brasil

EL PAPEL DE LOS MEDIOS TELEVISIVOS EN LA PRODUCCIÓN DE NARRATIVAS POLÍTICAS: un estudio comparativo entre Brasil y Colombia

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