Effect of laser phototherapy in the prevention and treatment of chemo-induced mucositis in hamsters

Lopez, Talita Christine Camilo; Martins, Manoela Domingues; Pavesi, Vanessa Christina Santos; Ferreira, Leila Soares; Bussadori, Sandra Kalil; Moreira, Maria Stella; Marques, Márcia Martins

doi:10.1590/S1806-83242013005000019

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Oral Medicine • Braz. Oral Res. 27 (4) • Jul-Aug 2013 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1806-83242013005000019 copy

Effect of laser phototherapy in the prevention and treatment of chemo-induced mucositis in hamsters

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of laser phototherapy (LPT) in the prevention and/or treatment of oral mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU; Eurofarma, São Paulo, Brazil) in hamsters. Ninety-six hamsters were divided into four groups (n = 24): Control (no treatment); Preventive [LPT from day (D) D-5 to D+5]; Therapeutic (LPT from D+5 to D+15); and Combined (preventive plus therapeutic LPT from D-5 to D+15). The animals received an intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU on Days 0 and 2. The pouch mucosa was scratched on Days 3 and 4. The irradiation parameters were: indium-gallium-aluminum-phosphide (InGaAlP) diode laser (MM Optics, São Carlos, Brazil) (660 nm), beam area of 0.036 cm², 40 mW, 1.11 W/cm², 6.6 J/cm², power density applied daily of 39.6 J/cm², in punctual mode (six points and six seconds per point) and contact mode, one application per day. The animals were sacrificed on Days 0, 5, 10 and 15 (n = 6) and weighed, and the pouch mucosa was removed for histopathological analysis. Clinical and corresponding histological scores were compared using ANOVA and Tukey's test (p ≤0.05). Similar weight losses ranging from 5% to 10% occurred in all groups. The therapeutic group had significantly lower clinical and histological scores than the other groups at Day 10. This study showed that positive effects on oral mucositis management were obtained only when LPT was applied in the therapeutic protocol (from D+5 to D+15 after chemotherapy).

Stomatitis; Lasers; Therapeutics; Radiotherapy

Experimental groups	0	5	10	15	P values
Control (G1)	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A,a	26.00 ± 8.71 ^A,a	30.00 ± 8.66 ^A,a	18.33 ± 13.33 ^A,a	0.06
Preventive (G2)	1.00 ± 0.00 ^A,a	27.00 ± 3.74 ^A,a	16.66 ± 3.33 ^A,a	21.00 ± 11.55 ^A,a	0.07
Therapeutic (G3)	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A,a	16.00 ± 2.44 ^A,b	19.00 ± 6.59 ^A,b	3.33 ± 1.66 ^A,a,b	0.006
Combined (G4)	4.00 ± 1.80 ^A,a	13.00 ± 2.54 ^A,a	25.00 ± 4.74 ^A,a	21.66 ± 16.66 ^A,a	0.73
P values	0.31	0.16	0.52	0.59

Experimental groups	0	5	10	15	P values
Control (G1)	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A,a	1.00 ± 0.00 ^A,a,b	2.33 ± 1.15 ^A,b	1.00 ± 1.00 ^A,a,b	≥ 0.02
Preventive (G2)	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A,a	2.33 ± 0.58 ^B,b	2.00 ± 1.00 ^A,a,b	0.67 ± 1.15 ^A,a,b	≥ 0.03
Therapeutic (G3)	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A,a	0.33 ± 0.58 ^A,a	0.00 ± 0.00 ^B,a	2.00 ± 1.73 ^A,a	≥ 0.10
Combined (G4)	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A,a	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A,a	3.00 ± 0.00 ^A,b	0.67 ± 1.15 ^A,a	≥ 0.001
P values	1.00	≥ 0.0005	≥ 0.005	≥ 0.60

Experimental groups	0	5	10	15	P values
Control (G1)	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A,a	0.67 ± 0.58 ^A,a	2.00 ± 1.73 ^A,a	1.00 ± 1.73 ^A,a	≥ 0.28
Preventive (G2)	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A,a	2.33 ± 0.58 ^B,b	2.67 ± 0.58 ^A,b	0.33 ± 0.58 ^A,a	≥ 0.002
Therapeutic (G3)	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A,a	0.67 ± 0.58 ^A,a	0.00 ± 0.00 ^B,a	1.67 ± 0.58 ^A,b	≥ 0.004
Combined (G4)	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A,a	1.67 ± 0.58 ^A,b	3.00 ± 0.00 ^A,c	1.00 ± 0.00 ^A,b	≥ 0.0001
P values	1.00	≥ 0.03	≥ 0.01	≥ 0.38

Treatment	Variable	Time (days)
Treatment	Variable	0	5	10	15
Clinical	Control (G1)	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A	1.00 ± 0.00 ^A	2.33 ± 1.15 ^A	1.00 ± 1.00 ^A
Histological	Control (G1)	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A	0.67 ± 0.58 ^A	2.00 ± 1.73 ^A	1.00 ± 1.73 ^A
P values		1.00	0.37	0.79	1.00
Clinical	Preventive (G2)	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A	2.33 ± 0.58 ^A	2.00 ± 1.00 ^A	0.67 ± 1.15 ^A
Histological	Preventive (G2)	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A	2.33 ± 0.58 ^A	2.67 ± 0.58 ^A	0.33 ± 0.58 ^A
P values		1.00	1.00	0.37	0.67
Clinical	Therapeutic (G3)	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A	0.33 ± 0.58 ^A	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A	2.00 ± 1.73 ^A
Histological	Therapeutic (G3)	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A	0.67 ± 0.58 ^A	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A	1.67 ± 0.58 ^A
P values		1.00	0.51	1.00	0.67
Clinical	Combined (G4)	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A	3.00 ± 0.00 ^A	0.67 ± 1.15 ^A
Histological	Combined (G4)	0.00 ± 0.00 ^A	1.67 ± 0.58 ^B	3.00 ± 0.00 ^A	1.00 ± 0.00 ^A
P values		1.00	0.007	1.00	0.64

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[1] Corresponding Author: Márcia Martins Marques. E-mail: mmmarques@usp.br